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Dürrenmatt’in Ziyaret Adlı Eserinde Geçmişin Adalet Perspektifiyle İrdelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 29, 341 - 354
https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1466635

Abstract

Epik tiyatro, toplumsal konulara değinerek ve politik mesajlar ileterek seyirciler arasında eleştirel düşünmeyi teşvik etmeyi amaçlayan bir tiyatro biçimidir. I. Dünya savaşından sonra Brecht bu yeni tiyatro anlayışında daha çok duygular, düşünceler ve insan psikolojisini vurgular. Guellen kasabasında geçen Ziyaret adlı oyun, geçmişte kendisine yapılan haksızlıklar için adalet arayan milyoner Claire Zachanassian’ın gelişi etrafında dönmektedir. Bu oyun toplumun zalimlik, açgözlülük ve adaletsizlik gibi sorunlarını ele alırken izleyicinin duygusal bağını engelleyen bir şekilde sunulmuştur. Bu oyun, aynı zamanda yabancılaşma etkisi, doğrusal olmayan anlatı yapısı ve minimal sahne tasarımı gibi teknikleri kullanarak geleneksel tiyatro kurallarını bozar ve seyircilerin toplumsal normları sorgulamasına yol açar. Dürrenmatt izleyicinin oyuncularla aralarındaki duvarı yıkmak için diyalog kesintileri, sahne içindeki boşluklar, müzik gibi unsurları da sıkça kullanır. Sahne düzeni, karakterlerin diyalogları ve epik tekniklerin kullanımı seyirciyi yozlaşmış bir topluma götürmekle kalmaz aynı zamanda derin bir toplumsal çürümeyi de aktarır. Bu şekilde geleneksel anlatı yapıları sorgulanarak gömülü sosyal ve politik etkilerin daha derin bir şekilde anlaşılması sağlanır. Bu çalışma, Brecht’in epik tiyatro teknikleri kullanılarak analiz edilecektir.

References

  • ARTAUD, A. (2010), The Theatre and Its Double, England: Alma Classics.
  • BLAU, H. (1957), Brecht’s Mother “Mother Courage”: The Rite of War and the Rhythm of Epic, Educational Theatre Journal, 9.1, pp. 1-10
  • BLOCH, E., Lukacs, G., Brecht, B., Benjamin, W. (1980), Aesthetics and Politics. Edited by Ronald Taylor. New York: Verso
  • BOAL, A. (2000), Theatre of The Oppressed. London: Pluto Press.
  • BRECHT, B., and Bentley,E. On Chinese Acting. (1961), The Tulane Drama Review,6(1), pp.130-136. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/1125011.
  • DÜRRENMATT, F. (1956), The Visit, New York: Grove Press
  • GRIMM, R. (1997), Alienation in context: On the theory and practice of Brechtian theatre. In Siegried Mrws (Ed.), A Bertolt Brecht Reference Companion. Greenwood Press.
  • HECHT, W. (1961), “The Development of Brecht Theory of the Epic Theatre”, The Tulane Drama Review, Vol. 6, No. 1, 40-97.
  • INNES, C., Shevtsove, M. (2013), The Cambridge Introduction to Theatre Directing. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • LUTTERBIE, J. (2020), An Introduction to Theatre Performance and the Cognitive Sciences, New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • SCHECHNER, R. (2013), Performance Studies: An Introduction, London: Routledge.
  • SHARMA, S. , Kashyap, S. (2018), “Comparative Study of Performance: Swang and Bertolt Brecht’s Epic Theatre and Verfremdungseffekt”, Indian Journal of Health and Well-being, 9.7, 934-936.
  • LACEY, S. (1995), British Realist Theatre: The New Wave in Its Context 1956-65, London: Routledge.
  • WILLETT, J. (1978), Brecht on Theatre, London: Methuen.

Uncovering the Past Through the Lens of Justice in Dürrenmatt’s The Visit

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 29, 341 - 354
https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1466635

Abstract

Epic theatre, a form of theatrical expression, aims to stimulate critical thinking among its audience by addressing social issues and political messages. Following WWI, Brecht developed a new theory of theatre that focuses on feelings, thoughts, and human psychology. Set in the town of Guellen, the play called The Visit revolves around the arrival of Claire Zachanassian, a millionaire who returns to her hometown seeking justice for the wrongs inflicted upon her in the past. This play is presented in a way that impedes the audience’s emotional engagement while tackling society’s problems of cruelty, greed, and injustice. By employing techniques such as the alienation effect, nonlinear narrative structure, and minimal set design, this play disrupts traditional theatrical conventions and prompts the audience to question social norms. Dürrenmatt often incorporates dialogue breaks, scene gaps, and music to blur the boundary between audiences and the players. Stage settings, dialogues of characters, and employment of epic techniques not only transports the audience to a corrupt society but also conveys deep social decay. By challenging conventional narrative structures, this genre of theatre fosters a deeper understanding of the social and political implications embedded. This research will employ Brecht's epic theatrical methods to analyze this work.

References

  • ARTAUD, A. (2010), The Theatre and Its Double, England: Alma Classics.
  • BLAU, H. (1957), Brecht’s Mother “Mother Courage”: The Rite of War and the Rhythm of Epic, Educational Theatre Journal, 9.1, pp. 1-10
  • BLOCH, E., Lukacs, G., Brecht, B., Benjamin, W. (1980), Aesthetics and Politics. Edited by Ronald Taylor. New York: Verso
  • BOAL, A. (2000), Theatre of The Oppressed. London: Pluto Press.
  • BRECHT, B., and Bentley,E. On Chinese Acting. (1961), The Tulane Drama Review,6(1), pp.130-136. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/1125011.
  • DÜRRENMATT, F. (1956), The Visit, New York: Grove Press
  • GRIMM, R. (1997), Alienation in context: On the theory and practice of Brechtian theatre. In Siegried Mrws (Ed.), A Bertolt Brecht Reference Companion. Greenwood Press.
  • HECHT, W. (1961), “The Development of Brecht Theory of the Epic Theatre”, The Tulane Drama Review, Vol. 6, No. 1, 40-97.
  • INNES, C., Shevtsove, M. (2013), The Cambridge Introduction to Theatre Directing. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • LUTTERBIE, J. (2020), An Introduction to Theatre Performance and the Cognitive Sciences, New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • SCHECHNER, R. (2013), Performance Studies: An Introduction, London: Routledge.
  • SHARMA, S. , Kashyap, S. (2018), “Comparative Study of Performance: Swang and Bertolt Brecht’s Epic Theatre and Verfremdungseffekt”, Indian Journal of Health and Well-being, 9.7, 934-936.
  • LACEY, S. (1995), British Realist Theatre: The New Wave in Its Context 1956-65, London: Routledge.
  • WILLETT, J. (1978), Brecht on Theatre, London: Methuen.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Aybike Keleş 0000-0001-8130-9752

Early Pub Date January 21, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date April 8, 2024
Acceptance Date October 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 29

Cite

APA Keleş, A. (2025). Uncovering the Past Through the Lens of Justice in Dürrenmatt’s The Visit. Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(29), 341-354. https://doi.org/10.33207/trkede.1466635