GRUPLARARASI OLUMLU VE OLUMSUZ TEMAS: AYNI SINIFTA EĞİTİM GÖREN TÜRKİYELİ VE SURİYELİ İLKOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SINIF İÇİ İLİŞKİLERİNİN SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN GÖZÜNDEN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 24 Issue: 3, 601 - 630, 15.12.2020

Özlem Serap Özkan Mustafa Tercan Abbas Türnüklü Tarkan Kaçmaz

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, aynı sınıfta öğrenim gören,
Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli ilkokul öğrencilerin deneyimledikleri gruplar arası
olumlu ve olumsuz temas yaşantılarını sınıf öğretmenlerinin gözünden
incelemektir. Çalışmada veri toplamak için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 40 sınıf öğretmeni
oluşturmaktadır. Yüz yüze görüşme yapılarak toplanan verilerin analizinde,
içerik analizi ve tematik analiz birlikte kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
sonucunda, Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli öğrencilerin gereksinim duyduklarında
birbirlerinden genellikle yardım aldıkları, birbirlerine duygusal destek
verdikleri ve dış-grup üyesi arkadaşlarını aralarına aldıkları belirlenmiştir.
Ancak Türkçenin etkin kullanılamaması durumunda hem yardım hem de duygusal
destek ve aralarına alma konusunda sorun yaşandığı, öğrencilerin genellikle
iç-grup üyesi arkadaşlarına döndükleri ve onlarla dayanıştıkları bulunmuştur.
Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli öğrenciler arasında yaşanan olumsuz temas yaşantıları
incelendiğinde, öğrencilerin birbirlerini belirli düzeyde rahatsız ettikleri ve
hakaret ettikleri görülmektedir. Burada öne çıkan temel temalar yine, ortak
dilin etkin kullanılamaması, sınıflarda yaşı büyük Suriyeli öğrencilerin
bulunması ve Türkiyeli öğrencilerin örtük önyargıları ile ailede paylaşılan
önyargılı davranışlardır. Farklı sosyal kimliklere sahip öğrencilerin birlikte
eğitim gördüğü ilkokul sınıflarında, sınıf öğretmenlerinin, öğrenciler arasında
deneyimlenen, gruplararası önyargı, dışlama, ayrımcılık gibi olumsuz
davranışlarının önlenmesinde ve dönüştürülmesinde katkı sağlayan önemli bir
aktör olduğu çalışmanın önemli bulguları arasında yer almaktadır. 

Keywords

gruplar arası temas, olumlu temas, olumsuz temas, gruplararası arkadaşlık, göç

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