AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NİN ORTA ASYA DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA ENERJİNİN ROLÜ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 685 - 696, 13.12.2021

Kaan Diyarbakırlıoğlu

Öz

Enerji güvenliği, AB siyasetinde güçlü bir ilgi alanı ve büyük önem taşımaktadır. Enerji kaynaklarına duyulan ihtiyaç AB'yi alternatif hidrokarbon kaynaklarına yönlendirmektedir. AB, enerji kaynaklarının çeşitlendirilmesinin, enerji arz güvenliğine katkıda bulunacağına inanmaktadır. Kuşkusuz, enerji konusu dış politika yapımını etkileyen faktörlerden biridir. Enerji sorununun önümüzdeki yıllarda etkili olmaya devam edeceği anlaşılmaktadır. Her ne kadar tarihsel bir çizgide enerji kavramına atfedilen anlam, her dönemin özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterse de, büyük ölçüde güç kavramı ile ilgilidir. Devletler güç politikalarıyla anarşik olan uluslararası sistemde varlıklarını sürdürmeye çalışırlar. bağlıdır. Bu yüzden, enerji kaynaklarına sahip olmak hayati öneme sahiptir ve devletler için iktidarın ana faktörlerinden biridir. Benzer şekilde, AB, refah ve güvenlik alanı olan birliğini korumayı ve sürdürmeyi amaçlamaktadır. AB'yi canlı tutan en önemli faktör, devletlerin bu birlikten kazandıkları ve ortak çıkarlar temelinde hemfikir oldukları gerçeğidir. İç hukukunda AB bunu ulusötesi ve hükümetlerarası kurumlar aracılığıyla yapmaktadır. Petrol ve doğal gaz, küresel ekonominin en önemli girdilerindendir. AB'nin Orta Asya'ya yönelik algılarını, yaklaşımlarını ve politikalarını anlamak için AB tüzel kişiliği ve kurumsal yapı çerçevesinde analiz yapılmalıdır. Bu makale, AB’nin Orta Asya politikasının ana belirleyicilerini incelemektedir. Makale, AB-Orta Asya ilişkisinin, AB’nin ortak dış politika oluşturma süreci, ortak enerji politikası ve enerji arz güvenliği ve uluslararası sistemin etkisi gibi değişkenlerle şekillendiğini gösteriyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AB Orta Asya İlişkileri, AB Dış Politikası, AB Enerji Politikaları, Hazar Havzasının Enerji Kaynakları, Enerji Güvenliği

THE ROLE OF ENERGY IN EUROPEAN UNION'S FOREIGN POLICY WITH CENTRAL ASIA

Öz

Energy security is a powerful interest and a matter of immense relevance in EU politics. The need for energy sources drives the EU to alternative hydrocarbon sources. The EU believes that diversifying energy sources would contribute to the security of its energy supply. . Undoubtedly, energy is one of the factors affecting foreign policy making. It is understood that the energy problem will continue to be influential in the coming years. Although the meaning attributed to the concept of energy in a historical line differs according to the characteristics of each period, it is largely related to the concept of power. States try to maintain their existence in the anarchic international system with their power policies. it depends. Therefore, having energy resources is vital and is one of the main factors of power for states. Similarly, the EU aims to preserve and maintain its unity, which is the area of prosperity and security. The most important factor that keeps the EU alive is the fact that the states have gained from this union and agreed on the basis of common interests. In its domestic law, the EU does this through transnational and intergovernmental institutions. Oil and natural gas are among the most important inputs of the global economy. In order to understand the EU's perceptions, approaches and policies towards Central Asia, analysis should be made within the framework of the EU legal entity and institutional structure. This article explores the main determinants of the EU’s Central Asia policy. The article shows that the EU- Central Asia relationship is being shaped by variables such as: the EU’s common foreign policy making process, its common energy policy and energy supply security, and the influence of the international system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EU Central Asia Relations, EU foreign policy, energy policies, energy sources of the Caspian basin, energy security

Kaynakça

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