Futbol Kalecilerinde Sanal Gerçeklik Antrenmanının Reaksiyon Süresine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sanal gerçeklik (SG) antrenmanlarının futbol kalecilerinin reaksiyon süreleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya, Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu (TFF) tarafından resmi lisans verilmiş 12 erkek futbol kalecisi katılmıştır. Araştırmamıza katılan 12 futbol kalecisi 6'sı kontrol grubu, 6'sı performans grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Performans grubu 6 hafta boyunca haftada 2 gün olmak üzere Rezzil Player® sanal gerçeklik uygulaması ile toplamda 12 birim antrenman gerçekleştirmiştir. Kontrol grubu ise kendi takım antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Araştırmanın başında ve sonunda ön-test ve son test olarak Go/No-Go testi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, uygulama grubunun reaksiyon sürelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Kontrol grubunun reaksiyon sürelerinde anlamlı bir değişiklik saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Analiz sonuçlarına göre performans grubu kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında reaksiyon sürelerinde istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Bu çalışma, futbol kalecilerine yönelik reaksiyon antrenmanlarında SG teknolojisinin etkili bir yöntem olabileceğini göstermektedir. SG, sporcuların becerilerini geliştirmek için faydalı bir araç olarak kullanılabilir.

Keywords

• Futbol
• Sanal Gerçeklik
• Antrenman
• Futbol Kalecileri
• Reaksiyon

Investigation on the Effect of Virtual Reality Training on Reaction Time in Football Goalkeepers

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) training on the reaction times of football goalkeepers. A total of 12 male goalkeepers, who were officially licensed by the Turkish Football Federation (TFF), participated in the research. Among the 12 goalkeepers, 6 were assigned to the control group and 6 to the performance group. The performance group underwent a total of 12 training sessions over 6 weeks, training 2 days a week, using the Rezzil Player® virtual reality application. The control group continued with their regular team training sessions. Before and after the training period, a Go/No-Go test was conducted as a pre-test and post-test. According to the analysis results, a statistically significant difference was found in the reaction times of the application group (p<0.05). No significant change was detected in the reaction times of the control group (p>0.05). When comparing the performance group to the control group, a statistically significant positive difference in reaction times was observed in favor of the performance group (p<0.05). This study indicates that VR technology can be an effective method in reaction training for football goalkeepers. VR can be utilized as a beneficial tool for enhancing athletes' skills.

Keywords

• Football
• Virtual Reality
• Training
• Football Goalkeepers
• Reaction.

References

1. 1. Barbosa EO, de Oliveira Barbosa E, Sales DFO, de Moraes Pimentel D, Vaghetti CAO, Carneiro LS, vd. Virtual reality-based exercise reduces children’s simple reaction time. International journal of sports science. 2020;10(5):112-6.
2. 2. Bideau B, Multon F, Kulpa R, Fradet L, Arnaldi B, Delamarche P. Using virtual reality to analyze links between handball thrower kinematics and goalkeeper’s reactions. Neurosci Lett. 2004;372(1-2):119-22.
3. 3. Bideau B, Multon F, Kulpa R, Fradet L, Arnaldi B. Virtual reality applied to sports: do handball goalkeepers react realistically to simulated synthetic opponents? Içinde: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry. 2004. s. 210-6.
4. 4. Bradwell HL, Cooper L, Baxter R, Tomaz S, Edwards KJ, Whittaker AC, vd. Implementation of Virtual Reality Motivated Physical Activity via Omnidirectional Treadmill in a Supported Living Facility for Older Adults: A Mixed- Methods Evaluation.: Virtual reality to motivate physical activity for older adults. Içinde: Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2024. s. 1-13.
5. 5. Cross JI, Boag-Hodgson C, Ryley T, Mavin T, Potter LE. Using Extended Reality in Flight Simulators: A
6. 6. DiCesare CA, Kiefer AW, Bonnette S, Myer GD. High-risk lower-extremity biomechanics evaluated in simulated Soccer-Specific virtual environments. J Sport Rehabil. 2020;29(3):294-300.
7. 7. Education SS. Enhance reaction time for the masses and elite goalkeepers via smartphone and Blazepod. 2019;
8. 8. Fortes LS, Almeida SS, Praça GM, Nascimento-Júnior JRA, Lima-Junior D, Barbosa BT, vd. Virtual reality promotes greater improvements than video-stimulation screen on perceptual-cognitive skills in young soccer athletes. Hum Mov Sci. 2021;79:102856.

9. 9. Goyal M, Kaur M, Kaur N. Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality Environment on Reaction Time, Agility and Coordination among Collegiate Students. Indian J Physiother Occup Ther. 2024;18(1).
10. 10. Gürbüz E, Taş M. The effect of virtual reality training on heading skills in 12-13 years old child footballers. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2023;8(1):43-56.
11. 11. Hanifah H, Ito Y, Yao DPG, Suyama N, Inoue K. Promoting Sports Engagement during the COVID-19 Pandemic via Virtual Reality Games. Occup Ther Int. 2022;2022.
12. 12. Kalkan N. Metaverse Evreninde Sporun Bugünü ve Geleceğine Yönelik Bir Derleme. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi.2021;5(2):163-74.
13. 13. Karasar N. Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (37. baskı). Nobel Yayıncılık; 2022.
14. 14. Krupitzer C, Naber J, Stauffert JP, Mayer J, Spielmann J, Ehmann P, vd. CortexVR: immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning. Front Psychol. 2022;13:754732.
15. 15. Matsutake T, Nakata H, Matsuo G, Natsuhara T, Zippo K, Watanabe K, vd. Fast and Stable Responses during Decision Making Require Strong Inhibitory Processes in Soccer Players. Brain Sci. 2024;14(3):199.
16. 16. Obetko M, Peráček P, Mikulič M, Babic M. Effect of selected types of warm-up on disjunctive reaction time of soccer goalkeepers. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2020;20(4):1903-8.
17. 17. Pourazar M, Mirakhori F, Hemayattalab R, Bagherzadeh F. Use of virtual reality intervention to improve reaction time in children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial. Dev Neurorehabil. 2018;21(8):515-20.
18. 18. Shimi A, Papantoniou A, Neokleous K, Avraamides MN. Athletic performance in immersive virtual reality: The effect of training intensity. European Journal of Psychology Open. 2022;81(1):24.
19. 19. Shimi A, Tsestou V, Hadjiaros M, Neokleous K, Avraamides M. Attentional skills in soccer: Evaluating the involvement of attention in executing a goalkeeping task in virtual reality. Applied Sciences. 2021;11(19):9341.
20. 20. Theofilou G, Ladakis I, Mavroidi C, Kilintzis V, Mirachtsis T, Chouvarda I, vd. The effects of a visual stimuli training program on reaction time, cognitive function, and fitness in young soccer players. Sensors. 2022;22(17):6680.
21. 21. Tomic L, Janicijevic D, Nedeljkovic A, Leontijevic B, García-Ramos A. Reliability and sensitivity of reaction time measurements during quasi-realistic soccer situations. Motor Control. 2021;25(3):491-501.
22. 22. Vignais N, Kulpa R, Brault S, Presse D, Bideau B. Which technology to investigate visual perception in sport: Video vs. virtual reality. Hum Mov Sci. 2015;39:12-26.
23. 23. Witte K, Droste M, Ritter Y, Emmermacher P, Masik S, Bürger D, vd. Sports training in virtual reality to improve response behavior in karate kumite with transfer to real world. Front Virtual Real. 2022;3:903021.
24. 24. Wood G, Wright DJ, Harris D, Pal A, Franklin ZC, Vine SJ. Testing the construct validity of a soccer-specific virtual reality simulator using novice, academy, and professional soccer players. Virtual Real. 2021;25(1):43-51.