Research Article
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Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students

Year 2026, Volume: 28 Issue: 1 , 25 - 33 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942
https://izlik.org/JA29SU43JB

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the eating attitudes of university students according to their body composition and some demographic variables. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 364 university students, 181 women and 183 men, studying at the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Selçuk University. For this study, approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Sports Sciences at Selçuk University, and informed consent forms were obtained from the participants confirming their voluntary participation. The study was conducted based on a survey model. Personal information forms prepared by the researcher and Eating Attitudes Test-26 scale forms designed to determine individuals' eating attitudes were administered to the participants face-to-face outside of class hours, with the necessary explanations. In addition, the body composition components of the participants were determined using a Tanita BC 545 device. The data obtained from the research were analyzed using the SPSS 29.0 software package. Since the assumption of normal distribution was not met in the analysis of the data, non-parametric tests were used in the statistical evaluation of the data. For this purpose, the Mann Whitney U test was used for comparing quantitative data between two groups; The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for more than two groups. Post hoc multiple comparisons were performed to identify the differing groups in the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The significance level was accepted as 0.05 in the study. The analysis revealed that, according to the cutoff values of the eating attitude scale, 90.6% of women had normal and 9.4% had abnormal eating attitudes, while 88.5% of men had normal and 11.5% had abnormal eating attitudes. Furthermore, while no significant difference was found in body composition according to gender and the cutoff values of the eating attitude scale, statistically significant results were obtained in the sub-dimensions of the eating attitude test according to age, exercise status, number of daily main and snack meals, daily water consumption, appearance perception, and healthy eating perception. In conclusion, it can be said that regular exercise and healthy eating habits acquired during childhood positively influence the eating attitudes and body composition of young adults, especially those in university.

References

  • 1. Aars NA, Beldo S, Jacobsen BK, Horsch A, Morseth B, Emaus N, Furberg AS, Grimsgaard S. Association between objectively measured physical activity and longitudinal changes in body composition in adolescents: The Tromsø Study Fit Futures cohort. BMJ Open, 2020;10(7), e036991.
  • 2. Batmaz L. Beslenme bilgi düzeyinin beslenme alışkanlıkları üzerine etkisi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Haliç Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2018, İstanbul.
  • 3. Baysal, A. Beslenme. Hatiboğlu Yayınevi. 20. Baskı, 2020
  • 4. Çelik M, Karakaş H, Yılmaz A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde yeme tutumu ile vücut algısı arasındaki ilişki. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019;28, 215–223.
  • 5. Dobrowolski H, Włodarek D. Body mass, physical activity and eating habits changes during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Poland. Nutrients, 2021;13(2), 452.
  • 6. Ergürey Okumuş FE, Sertel Berk HÖ. Yeme Tutum Testi Kısa Formunun (YTT-26) üniversite örnekleminde Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 2019;39, 57–78.
  • 7. French SA, Epstein LH, Jeffery RW, Blundell JE, Wardle J.Eating behavior dimensions: Associations with energy intake and body weight. A review. Appetite, 2012;59(2), 541–549.
  • 8. Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 1982;12(4), 871–878.
  • 9. Geller J, Cockell SJ, Goldner EM. Inhibited expression of negative emotions and interpersonal orientation in anorexia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2000;28(1), 8–19.
  • 10. Gutierrez-Colina AM, Aichele S, Lavender JM, Sanchez N, Thorstad I, Gulley LD, Shomaker LB. Associations of social and cognitive- behavioral variables with disinhibited eating and anxiety: An ecological momentary assessment study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2024;57(5), 1213–1223.
  • 11. Güleç M, Yabancı N, Göşgeldi E, Bakır B. Ankara’da iki kız öğrenci yurdunda kalan öğrencilerin beslenme alışkanlıkları. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 2008;50, 102–109.
  • 12. Gündüz N. Beden kitle indeksi ve bel-kalça oranlarının sağlık göstergesi olarak değerlendirilmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2016;27, 45– 52.
  • 13. Hay PJ. A systematic review of evidence for psychological treatments in eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2005;38(1), 14–19.
  • 14. Jacob JS, Panwar N. Effect of age and gender on dietary patterns, mindful eating, body image and confidence. BMC Psychology, 2023;11(1), 264.
  • 15. Keski-Rahkonen A, Bulik CM, Pietiläinen KH, Rose RJ, Kaprio J, Rissanen A. Eating styles, overweight and obesity in young adult twins. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2007;61(7), 822–829.
  • 16. Kocaman G, Elibol E, Ünal A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde beden algısı ile sağlıklı beslenme ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019; 28, 116–124.
  • 17. Lin X, Liu H. A study on the effects of health behavior and sports participation on female college students’ body mass index and health- promoting lifestyle. Frontiers in Public Health, 2023;10, 1020219.
  • 18. Mallet P, Grouzet FME. Food preferences and eating behavior in young adults: The role of dietary knowledge and emotional factors. Appetite, 2023;185, 106507.
  • 19. Oikarinen N, Jokelainen T, Heikkilä L, Nurkkala M, Hukkanen J, Salonurmi T, Teeriniemi AM. Low eating self-efficacy is associated with unfavorable eating behavior tendencies among individuals with overweight and obesity. Scientific Reports, 2023;13(1), 7730.
  • 20. Pendergast FJ, Livingstone KM, Worsley A, McNaughton SA. Correlates of meal skipping in young adults: A systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2016;13(1), 125.
  • 21. Roura E, Pareja RG, Milà-Villarroel R, Caballero A, Oliveira JM. Socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants of overweight in Spanish children: The OBICE study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2016; 13(4), 412.
  • 22. Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Water intake and intra-meal fluid consumption in relation to obesity among Iranian adults. Nutrition Journal, 2020;19(1), 38.
  • 23. Su N, Akçil G, Özdemir A. Üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2019;11, 1475–1496.
  • 24. Thomas J, Khan S,Abdulrahman AA. Eating attitudes and body image concerns among female university students in the United Arab Emirates. Appetite, 2010;54(3), 595–598.
  • 25. Timlin MT, Pereira MA, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Breakfast eating and weight change in a 5-year prospective analysis of adolescents: Project EAT. Pediatrics,2008; 121(3), e638–e645.
  • 26. Van Strien T, Frijters JE, Bergers GP, Defares PB. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders,1986; 5(2), 295–315.
  • 27. Van Strien T, Herman CP, Verheijden MW. Eating style, overeating, and overweight in a representative Dutch sample: Does external eating play a role? Appetite, 2009;52(2), 380–387.
  • 28. Wardle J, Haase AM, Steptoe A. Body image and weight control in young adults: International comparisons in university students from 22 countries. International Journal of Obesity, 2006;30(4), 644–651.
  • 29. Westerterp-Plantenga, MS. Eating behavior in humans, characterized by cumulative food intake curves: A review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2000;24(2), 239–248.
  • 30. White JH, Grilo CM. Eating and body image disturbances in adolescents. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005;1036, 208–214.
  • 31. Zhu Y, Hollis JH. (2016). Associations between eating frequency and energy intake, energy density, diet quality and body weight status in adults from the USA. British Journal of Nutrition, 2016;115(12), 2138–2144.

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yeme Tutumları ve Vücut Kompozisyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2026, Volume: 28 Issue: 1 , 25 - 33 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942
https://izlik.org/JA29SU43JB

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin yeme tutumlarını vücut kompozisyonlarını ve bazı demografik değişkenlere göre değerlendirmektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Selçuk Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde okuyan 181 kadın ve 183 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 364 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışma için Selçuk Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Girişimsel Olmayan etik kurul kararı ve katılımcılardan çalışmaya gönüllü katıldıklarına dair gönüllü onam formu alınmıştır. Çalışma, tarama (survey) modeli temel alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formu, bireylerin yeme tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik Yeme Tutum Testi-26 ölçek formları gerekli açıklamamlar yapılarak ders saatleri dışında yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların vücut kompozisyon bileşenleri Tanita BC 545 cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 29.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde normal dağılım varsayımı sağlanmadığı için, verilerin istatistik değerlendirmelerinde non-parametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Bunun için niceliksel verilerin karşılaştırılmasında iki grup için Mann Whitney U testi; ikiden fazla grup için Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Kruskal Wallis H testi için farklı olan grubun tespitinde post hoc çoklu karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Araştırmada anlamlılık düzeyi 0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda; Çalışmamıza katılan bireylerin yeme tutum ölçeği kesme değerlerine göre kadınların %90,6’si normal % 9,4 anormal, erkeklerin %88,5’i normal %11.5 anormal yeme tutum düzeyine sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca cinsiyet değişkenine ve yeme tutum ölçeğinin kesme değerlerine göre vücut kompozisyonlarında anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken, yeme tutum testi alt boyutlarında yaşa, egzersiz yapma durumuna, günlük ana ve ara öğün sayısına, günlük su tüketimi, görünüş algısı ve sağlıklı beslenme algısına göre istatistiki açıdan anlamlı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çocukluk yıllarında kazanılan düzenli egzersiz ve sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıklarının özellikle üniversite çağındaki genç yetişkin bireylerin yeme tutum davranışlarını ve vücut kompozisyonlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.

References

  • 1. Aars NA, Beldo S, Jacobsen BK, Horsch A, Morseth B, Emaus N, Furberg AS, Grimsgaard S. Association between objectively measured physical activity and longitudinal changes in body composition in adolescents: The Tromsø Study Fit Futures cohort. BMJ Open, 2020;10(7), e036991.
  • 2. Batmaz L. Beslenme bilgi düzeyinin beslenme alışkanlıkları üzerine etkisi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Haliç Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2018, İstanbul.
  • 3. Baysal, A. Beslenme. Hatiboğlu Yayınevi. 20. Baskı, 2020
  • 4. Çelik M, Karakaş H, Yılmaz A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde yeme tutumu ile vücut algısı arasındaki ilişki. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019;28, 215–223.
  • 5. Dobrowolski H, Włodarek D. Body mass, physical activity and eating habits changes during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Poland. Nutrients, 2021;13(2), 452.
  • 6. Ergürey Okumuş FE, Sertel Berk HÖ. Yeme Tutum Testi Kısa Formunun (YTT-26) üniversite örnekleminde Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 2019;39, 57–78.
  • 7. French SA, Epstein LH, Jeffery RW, Blundell JE, Wardle J.Eating behavior dimensions: Associations with energy intake and body weight. A review. Appetite, 2012;59(2), 541–549.
  • 8. Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 1982;12(4), 871–878.
  • 9. Geller J, Cockell SJ, Goldner EM. Inhibited expression of negative emotions and interpersonal orientation in anorexia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2000;28(1), 8–19.
  • 10. Gutierrez-Colina AM, Aichele S, Lavender JM, Sanchez N, Thorstad I, Gulley LD, Shomaker LB. Associations of social and cognitive- behavioral variables with disinhibited eating and anxiety: An ecological momentary assessment study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2024;57(5), 1213–1223.
  • 11. Güleç M, Yabancı N, Göşgeldi E, Bakır B. Ankara’da iki kız öğrenci yurdunda kalan öğrencilerin beslenme alışkanlıkları. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 2008;50, 102–109.
  • 12. Gündüz N. Beden kitle indeksi ve bel-kalça oranlarının sağlık göstergesi olarak değerlendirilmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2016;27, 45– 52.
  • 13. Hay PJ. A systematic review of evidence for psychological treatments in eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2005;38(1), 14–19.
  • 14. Jacob JS, Panwar N. Effect of age and gender on dietary patterns, mindful eating, body image and confidence. BMC Psychology, 2023;11(1), 264.
  • 15. Keski-Rahkonen A, Bulik CM, Pietiläinen KH, Rose RJ, Kaprio J, Rissanen A. Eating styles, overweight and obesity in young adult twins. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2007;61(7), 822–829.
  • 16. Kocaman G, Elibol E, Ünal A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde beden algısı ile sağlıklı beslenme ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2019; 28, 116–124.
  • 17. Lin X, Liu H. A study on the effects of health behavior and sports participation on female college students’ body mass index and health- promoting lifestyle. Frontiers in Public Health, 2023;10, 1020219.
  • 18. Mallet P, Grouzet FME. Food preferences and eating behavior in young adults: The role of dietary knowledge and emotional factors. Appetite, 2023;185, 106507.
  • 19. Oikarinen N, Jokelainen T, Heikkilä L, Nurkkala M, Hukkanen J, Salonurmi T, Teeriniemi AM. Low eating self-efficacy is associated with unfavorable eating behavior tendencies among individuals with overweight and obesity. Scientific Reports, 2023;13(1), 7730.
  • 20. Pendergast FJ, Livingstone KM, Worsley A, McNaughton SA. Correlates of meal skipping in young adults: A systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2016;13(1), 125.
  • 21. Roura E, Pareja RG, Milà-Villarroel R, Caballero A, Oliveira JM. Socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants of overweight in Spanish children: The OBICE study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2016; 13(4), 412.
  • 22. Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Water intake and intra-meal fluid consumption in relation to obesity among Iranian adults. Nutrition Journal, 2020;19(1), 38.
  • 23. Su N, Akçil G, Özdemir A. Üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2019;11, 1475–1496.
  • 24. Thomas J, Khan S,Abdulrahman AA. Eating attitudes and body image concerns among female university students in the United Arab Emirates. Appetite, 2010;54(3), 595–598.
  • 25. Timlin MT, Pereira MA, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Breakfast eating and weight change in a 5-year prospective analysis of adolescents: Project EAT. Pediatrics,2008; 121(3), e638–e645.
  • 26. Van Strien T, Frijters JE, Bergers GP, Defares PB. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) for assessment of restrained, emotional, and external eating behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders,1986; 5(2), 295–315.
  • 27. Van Strien T, Herman CP, Verheijden MW. Eating style, overeating, and overweight in a representative Dutch sample: Does external eating play a role? Appetite, 2009;52(2), 380–387.
  • 28. Wardle J, Haase AM, Steptoe A. Body image and weight control in young adults: International comparisons in university students from 22 countries. International Journal of Obesity, 2006;30(4), 644–651.
  • 29. Westerterp-Plantenga, MS. Eating behavior in humans, characterized by cumulative food intake curves: A review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2000;24(2), 239–248.
  • 30. White JH, Grilo CM. Eating and body image disturbances in adolescents. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005;1036, 208–214.
  • 31. Zhu Y, Hollis JH. (2016). Associations between eating frequency and energy intake, energy density, diet quality and body weight status in adults from the USA. British Journal of Nutrition, 2016;115(12), 2138–2144.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Nutrition
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Şükran İribalcı 0000-0002-2625-0898

Beyza Nur Karakaş This is me 0009-0006-8461-4393

Nazlı Deniz Yilmaz 0000-0001-9187-8596

Submission Date December 31, 2025
Acceptance Date March 4, 2026
Publication Date April 30, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942
IZ https://izlik.org/JA29SU43JB
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 28 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İribalcı, Ş., Karakaş, B. N., & Yilmaz, N. D. (2026). Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 28(1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942
AMA 1.İribalcı Ş, Karakaş BN, Yilmaz ND. Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students. Turk J Sport Exe. 2026;28(1):25-33. doi:10.15314/tsed.1852942
Chicago İribalcı, Şükran, Beyza Nur Karakaş, and Nazlı Deniz Yilmaz. 2026. “Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 28 (1): 25-33. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942.
EndNote İribalcı Ş, Karakaş BN, Yilmaz ND (April 1, 2026) Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 28 1 25–33.
IEEE [1]Ş. İribalcı, B. N. Karakaş, and N. D. Yilmaz, “Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 25–33, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.15314/tsed.1852942.
ISNAD İribalcı, Şükran - Karakaş, Beyza Nur - Yilmaz, Nazlı Deniz. “Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 28/1 (April 1, 2026): 25-33. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1852942.
JAMA 1.İribalcı Ş, Karakaş BN, Yilmaz ND. Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students. Turk J Sport Exe. 2026;28:25–33.
MLA İribalcı, Şükran, et al. “Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 28, no. 1, Apr. 2026, pp. 25-33, doi:10.15314/tsed.1852942.
Vancouver 1.Şükran İribalcı, Beyza Nur Karakaş, Nazlı Deniz Yilmaz. Evaluation of Eating Attitudes and Body Composition of University Students. Turk J Sport Exe. 2026 Apr. 1;28(1):25-33. doi:10.15314/tsed.1852942

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