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Sporcuların Ruh Halleri ve Prososyal Motivasyon Düzeyleri

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 529 - 536, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1479198

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sporda ruh halleri ile prososyal motivasyon düzeylerinin arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma grubu, spor geçmişi olan 386 (145 kadın, 241 erkek) katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, Brunel Ruh hali Ölçeği ile Prososyal Motivasyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde t testi ve Pearson Korelasyon testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgu sonuçlarına göre; ruh hali ölçeğine göre kadınların şaşkınlık boyutunun erkeklere oranla daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Spor yapma yılı ile canlılık boyutu arasında pozitif ilişki; yorgunluk boyutu arasında ise negatif ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Brunel ruh hali ölçeği kızgınlık, şaşkınlık, depresyon, yorgunluk ve gerginlik boyutları ile prososyal motivasyon boyutu arasında negatif düşük düzey anlamlı ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Canlılık boyutu ile prososyal motivasyon arasında ise pozitif düşük düzey anlamlı ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; spor yapma yılı yüksek olan sporcuların olumsuz ruh hallerinde düşüş meydana gelirken olumlu ruh hallerinde artış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte prososyal motivasyon düzeyi artışının olumlu ruh halleri ile pozitif; olumsuz ruh halleri ile negatif ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür.

References

  • 1. Altok TA. Comparative study the business enterprises of service and production related to the factors affecting the motivation of the workers. Master's Thesis, University of Süleyman Demirel, Institute of Social Sciences, Isparta, 2009. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/271075
  • 2. Altunışık R, Çoşkun R, Bayraktaroğlu S, Yıldırım, E. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri (5. Baskı). İstanbul: Sakarya Yayıncılık, 2007.
  • 3. Aslan, Ş. Comparison of the styles of coping with stress among individual and team athletes. Journal of Human Sciences, 2016; 13(3), 4221. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4033
  • 4. Batson CD. Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic?. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1987; (20): 65-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60412-8
  • 5. Beedie C, Terry P, Lane, A. Distinctions between emotion and mood. Cognition and Emotion, 2005; 19(6): 847878. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930541000057
  • 6. Can M, Aykaç E. Mesleki bağlılığın prososyal motivasyon davranışı üzerindeki rolü: mutfak. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 2020; 8(3): 1836-1854. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.637
  • 7. Diener E. Subjective Well-Being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 2000; 55(1): 34-43. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.34
  • 8. Dong J, Wang X, Cao X. Higgins D. More prosocial, more ephemeral? Exploring the formation of a social entrepreneur’s exit intention via life satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022; 19(12): 6966. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19126966
  • 9. Du C. (2020). Influence of basketball competition on psychological quality and positive emotions of college students. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 2020; 29(1): 263-267.
  • https://doi.org/10.24205/03276716.2020.35
  • 10. Durmaz MG, Benan A, Kanten P. Öz-saygı ve öz-yeterliliğin prososyal hizmet davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde mutluluğun düzenleyici rolü: beyaz yakalı çalışanlar üzerine bir çalışma. Management and Political Sciences Review, 2023; 5(2): 262-279. https://doi.org/10.57082/mpsr.1387193
  • 11. Franzoi SL. Social Psychology. Boston: Mcgraw Hill, 2000.
  • 12. Gagne M, Deci E. Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2005; 26(4), 331-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
  • 13. Genç H, Ceviz E, Kızar O, Dinçer K. Respiratory function rehabilitation in individuals with Covid-19: swimming exercise. Physical Education of Students, 2023; 27(5): 247-252. Https://Doi.Org/10.15561/20755279.2023.0504
  • 14. Gezer H. Bireysel ve takım sporları ile uğraşan üniversite öğrencilerinin temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erzurum, 2018.
  • 15. Goleman D. Emotional İntelligence. New York: Ban-Tam Books, 1995.
  • 16. Grant AM, Berg JM. Prosocial Motivation at Work: How Making a Difference Makes a Difference. (Eds. Forthcoming İn K. Cameron & G. Spreitzer). Handbook of Positive Organizational Scholarship. Oxford University Press, 2011.
  • 17. Grant AM, Sumanth JJ. Mission possible? The performance of prosaically motivated employees depends on manager trustworthiness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2009; 94(4): 927. https://Doi.Org/10.1037/A0014391
  • 18. Grant AM. Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2008; 93(1): 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48
  • 19. Grant AM. The significance of task significance: job performance effects, relational mechanisms, and boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2008; 93(1): 108-124. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021- 9010.93.1.108
  • 20. Güran M, Tösten R. Prososyal motivasyonu açıklayan bir unsur olarak psikolojik sağlamlık: öğretmenler üzerine bir araştırma. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2023; (32): 555-572.
  • 21. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi Kavramlar İlkeler Teknikler (33. Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi, 2018.
  • 22. Karataş H. Üniversite öğrencilerinin epistemolojik inançları, öğrenme yaklaşımları ve problem çözme becerilerinin akademik motivasyonu yordama gücü. Doktora Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 2011. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/396107
  • 23. Kesen M, Akyüz B. Duygusal emek ve prososyal motivasyonun işe gömülmüşlüğe etkisi. sağlık çalışanları, Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2016; 25(2): 233-250.
  • 24. Kim BY, Choi DH, Jung CH, Kang SK, Mok JO, Kim CH. Obesity and physical activity. Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome, 2017; 26(1): 15–22. https://Doi.Org/10.7570/Jomes.2017.26.1.15
  • 25. Kuvaaas B, Dysvik A, Buch, R. Antecedents and employee outcomes of line managers' perceptions of enabling HR practices. Journal of Management Studies, 2014; 51(6): 845-868. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12085
  • 26. Kwon K, Willenbrink JB, Bliske MN, Brinckman BG. Emotion sharing in preadolescent children: divergence from friendships and relation to prosocial behavior in the peer group. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 2022; 42(1): 89-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/02724316211016067
  • 27. Lanser I, Eisenberger NI. Prosocial behavior reliably reduces loneliness: An investigation across two studies. Emotion, 2023; 23(6): 1781. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001179
  • 28. Law KS, Wong CS, Huang GH, Li X. The effects of emotional intelligence on job performance and life satisfaction for the research and development scientists in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2008; 25: 51-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-007-9062-3
  • 29. Lazauskaite-Zabielske J, Urbanaviciute I, Bagdziuniene D. The Role of prosocial and intrinsic motivation in employees’ citizenship behaviour. Baltic Journal of Management, 2015; 10(3): 345-365. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-05-2014-0085
  • 30. Lowther J, Lane A. Relationships between mood, cohesion and satisfaction with performance among soccer players. Athletic Insight, 2002; 4(3): 57-69.
  • 31. Öcal T, Göncü BS. Sporda mücadele ve tehdit algısı ile brunel ruh hali arasındaki ilişki. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023; 6(1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı): 215-224. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1344630
  • 32. Perry JL, Hondeghem A. Motivation in Public Management: The Call of Public Service, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • 33. Ryan RM, Deci EL. On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudemonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 2001; 52(1): 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
  • 34. Soylu Y, Arslan E, Kilit B. Yetişkin ve ergen sporcular için brunel ruh hali ölçeği: türkçe uyarlama çalışması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2022; 20(2): 56-67. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1060329
  • 35. Soylu Y, Turgut M, Canikli A, Kargün M. Fiziksel aktivite, duygusal yeme ve ruh hali ilişkisi: Kovid-19 ve üniversite öğrencileri. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 2021; 5(2): 88-97.
  • 36. Steers MR, Mowday TR, Shapiro DL. The future of work motivation theory. Academy of Management Review, 2004, 29(3), 379-387. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2004.13670978
  • 37. Sulu B, Koruç PB, Çakaloğlu E. Bireysel ve takım sporcularının öz-yeterlik ve stresle başa çıkma stratejileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2021; 19(2): 112-122.
  • 38. Şirin Y, Bilir P, Öz G, Sangun L. Üniversiteler arasıtürkiye güreş şampiyonasina katılan sporcuların demografik özelliklerine göre sporcu tatmin düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2016; 7(2): 113-119.
  • 39. Tabachnick LS. Fidell Using Multivariate Statistics (Sixth Ed.) Pearson, Boston, 2013.
  • 40. Terry PC, Lane, AM, Fogarty GJ. Construct validity of the profile of mood states-adolescents for use with adults. Psychology of Sport And Exercise, 2003; 4(2): 125–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14690292(01)00035-8
  • 41. Tortumlu M, Uzunbacak H. Genç gönüllülerin kişilik özelliklerinin prososyal motivasyonlarına etkisi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021; 8(1): 101–114. https://doi.org/10.47097/piar.885482
  • 42. Totterdell P. Catching moods and hitting runs: Mood linkage and subjective performance in professional sport teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2000; 85(6): 848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.848
  • 43. Tsatsoulis A, Fountoulakis S. The protective role of exercise on stress system dysregulation and comorbidities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006; 1083(1): 196-213. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1367.020
  • 44. Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ, 2006; 174(6): 801-809. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.051351
  • 45. Waterman AS. Two conceptions of happiness: Contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1993; 64(4): 678. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.64.4.678
  • 46. Weinstein N, Ryan RM. When helping helps: Autonomous motivation for prosocial behavior and its influence on well-being for the helper and recipient. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010; 98(2): 222-244. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016984
  • 47. Wolff E, Gaudlitz K, Von Lindenberger BL, Plag J, Heinz A, Ströhle A. Exercise and physical activity in mental disorders. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2011; 261(2): 186-191.

Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 529 - 536, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1479198

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the relationship between moods and prosocial motivation levels in sport. The research group consisted of 386 (145 female, 241 male) participants who resided in the Eastern Anatolia Region and had a sports background. Personal information form, Brunel Mood Scale and Prosocial Motivation Scale were used as data collection tools. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the data were normally distributed. As a result of the data obtained, t-test was used to compare the two groups and Pearson Correlation test was applied to examine the relationships between the parameters. According to the results, it was determined that females had a higher level of confusion dimension than males in the mood scale. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between the sports experience and the vitality dimension and a negative correlation between the fatigue dimension. A negative low-level significant relationship was detected between Brunel mood scale dimensions of anger, confusion, depression, fatigue and tension and prosocial motivation dimension. Besides, a positive low-level significant relationship was found between the vitality dimension and prosocial motivation. As a result, it was determined that there was a decrease in negative moods and an increase in positive moods of athletes with more experience in sports. However, it was observed that the increase in prosocial motivation level was positively related to positive moods and negatively related to negative moods.

References

  • 1. Altok TA. Comparative study the business enterprises of service and production related to the factors affecting the motivation of the workers. Master's Thesis, University of Süleyman Demirel, Institute of Social Sciences, Isparta, 2009. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/271075
  • 2. Altunışık R, Çoşkun R, Bayraktaroğlu S, Yıldırım, E. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri (5. Baskı). İstanbul: Sakarya Yayıncılık, 2007.
  • 3. Aslan, Ş. Comparison of the styles of coping with stress among individual and team athletes. Journal of Human Sciences, 2016; 13(3), 4221. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4033
  • 4. Batson CD. Prosocial motivation: Is it ever truly altruistic?. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1987; (20): 65-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60412-8
  • 5. Beedie C, Terry P, Lane, A. Distinctions between emotion and mood. Cognition and Emotion, 2005; 19(6): 847878. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930541000057
  • 6. Can M, Aykaç E. Mesleki bağlılığın prososyal motivasyon davranışı üzerindeki rolü: mutfak. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 2020; 8(3): 1836-1854. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.637
  • 7. Diener E. Subjective Well-Being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 2000; 55(1): 34-43. Https://Doi.Org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.34
  • 8. Dong J, Wang X, Cao X. Higgins D. More prosocial, more ephemeral? Exploring the formation of a social entrepreneur’s exit intention via life satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022; 19(12): 6966. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19126966
  • 9. Du C. (2020). Influence of basketball competition on psychological quality and positive emotions of college students. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 2020; 29(1): 263-267.
  • https://doi.org/10.24205/03276716.2020.35
  • 10. Durmaz MG, Benan A, Kanten P. Öz-saygı ve öz-yeterliliğin prososyal hizmet davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde mutluluğun düzenleyici rolü: beyaz yakalı çalışanlar üzerine bir çalışma. Management and Political Sciences Review, 2023; 5(2): 262-279. https://doi.org/10.57082/mpsr.1387193
  • 11. Franzoi SL. Social Psychology. Boston: Mcgraw Hill, 2000.
  • 12. Gagne M, Deci E. Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2005; 26(4), 331-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
  • 13. Genç H, Ceviz E, Kızar O, Dinçer K. Respiratory function rehabilitation in individuals with Covid-19: swimming exercise. Physical Education of Students, 2023; 27(5): 247-252. Https://Doi.Org/10.15561/20755279.2023.0504
  • 14. Gezer H. Bireysel ve takım sporları ile uğraşan üniversite öğrencilerinin temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erzurum, 2018.
  • 15. Goleman D. Emotional İntelligence. New York: Ban-Tam Books, 1995.
  • 16. Grant AM, Berg JM. Prosocial Motivation at Work: How Making a Difference Makes a Difference. (Eds. Forthcoming İn K. Cameron & G. Spreitzer). Handbook of Positive Organizational Scholarship. Oxford University Press, 2011.
  • 17. Grant AM, Sumanth JJ. Mission possible? The performance of prosaically motivated employees depends on manager trustworthiness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2009; 94(4): 927. https://Doi.Org/10.1037/A0014391
  • 18. Grant AM. Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2008; 93(1): 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48
  • 19. Grant AM. The significance of task significance: job performance effects, relational mechanisms, and boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2008; 93(1): 108-124. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021- 9010.93.1.108
  • 20. Güran M, Tösten R. Prososyal motivasyonu açıklayan bir unsur olarak psikolojik sağlamlık: öğretmenler üzerine bir araştırma. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2023; (32): 555-572.
  • 21. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi Kavramlar İlkeler Teknikler (33. Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi, 2018.
  • 22. Karataş H. Üniversite öğrencilerinin epistemolojik inançları, öğrenme yaklaşımları ve problem çözme becerilerinin akademik motivasyonu yordama gücü. Doktora Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 2011. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/396107
  • 23. Kesen M, Akyüz B. Duygusal emek ve prososyal motivasyonun işe gömülmüşlüğe etkisi. sağlık çalışanları, Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2016; 25(2): 233-250.
  • 24. Kim BY, Choi DH, Jung CH, Kang SK, Mok JO, Kim CH. Obesity and physical activity. Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome, 2017; 26(1): 15–22. https://Doi.Org/10.7570/Jomes.2017.26.1.15
  • 25. Kuvaaas B, Dysvik A, Buch, R. Antecedents and employee outcomes of line managers' perceptions of enabling HR practices. Journal of Management Studies, 2014; 51(6): 845-868. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12085
  • 26. Kwon K, Willenbrink JB, Bliske MN, Brinckman BG. Emotion sharing in preadolescent children: divergence from friendships and relation to prosocial behavior in the peer group. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 2022; 42(1): 89-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/02724316211016067
  • 27. Lanser I, Eisenberger NI. Prosocial behavior reliably reduces loneliness: An investigation across two studies. Emotion, 2023; 23(6): 1781. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001179
  • 28. Law KS, Wong CS, Huang GH, Li X. The effects of emotional intelligence on job performance and life satisfaction for the research and development scientists in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2008; 25: 51-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-007-9062-3
  • 29. Lazauskaite-Zabielske J, Urbanaviciute I, Bagdziuniene D. The Role of prosocial and intrinsic motivation in employees’ citizenship behaviour. Baltic Journal of Management, 2015; 10(3): 345-365. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-05-2014-0085
  • 30. Lowther J, Lane A. Relationships between mood, cohesion and satisfaction with performance among soccer players. Athletic Insight, 2002; 4(3): 57-69.
  • 31. Öcal T, Göncü BS. Sporda mücadele ve tehdit algısı ile brunel ruh hali arasındaki ilişki. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023; 6(1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı): 215-224. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1344630
  • 32. Perry JL, Hondeghem A. Motivation in Public Management: The Call of Public Service, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • 33. Ryan RM, Deci EL. On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudemonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 2001; 52(1): 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141
  • 34. Soylu Y, Arslan E, Kilit B. Yetişkin ve ergen sporcular için brunel ruh hali ölçeği: türkçe uyarlama çalışması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2022; 20(2): 56-67. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1060329
  • 35. Soylu Y, Turgut M, Canikli A, Kargün M. Fiziksel aktivite, duygusal yeme ve ruh hali ilişkisi: Kovid-19 ve üniversite öğrencileri. Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 2021; 5(2): 88-97.
  • 36. Steers MR, Mowday TR, Shapiro DL. The future of work motivation theory. Academy of Management Review, 2004, 29(3), 379-387. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2004.13670978
  • 37. Sulu B, Koruç PB, Çakaloğlu E. Bireysel ve takım sporcularının öz-yeterlik ve stresle başa çıkma stratejileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2021; 19(2): 112-122.
  • 38. Şirin Y, Bilir P, Öz G, Sangun L. Üniversiteler arasıtürkiye güreş şampiyonasina katılan sporcuların demografik özelliklerine göre sporcu tatmin düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2016; 7(2): 113-119.
  • 39. Tabachnick LS. Fidell Using Multivariate Statistics (Sixth Ed.) Pearson, Boston, 2013.
  • 40. Terry PC, Lane, AM, Fogarty GJ. Construct validity of the profile of mood states-adolescents for use with adults. Psychology of Sport And Exercise, 2003; 4(2): 125–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14690292(01)00035-8
  • 41. Tortumlu M, Uzunbacak H. Genç gönüllülerin kişilik özelliklerinin prososyal motivasyonlarına etkisi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021; 8(1): 101–114. https://doi.org/10.47097/piar.885482
  • 42. Totterdell P. Catching moods and hitting runs: Mood linkage and subjective performance in professional sport teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2000; 85(6): 848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.848
  • 43. Tsatsoulis A, Fountoulakis S. The protective role of exercise on stress system dysregulation and comorbidities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006; 1083(1): 196-213. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1367.020
  • 44. Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ, 2006; 174(6): 801-809. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.051351
  • 45. Waterman AS. Two conceptions of happiness: Contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1993; 64(4): 678. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.64.4.678
  • 46. Weinstein N, Ryan RM. When helping helps: Autonomous motivation for prosocial behavior and its influence on well-being for the helper and recipient. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010; 98(2): 222-244. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016984
  • 47. Wolff E, Gaudlitz K, Von Lindenberger BL, Plag J, Heinz A, Ströhle A. Exercise and physical activity in mental disorders. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2011; 261(2): 186-191.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Training, Physical Training and Sports, Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Burcu Sıla Göncü 0000-0003-3484-6584

Yakup Kılıç 0000-0003-4889-5571

İlimdar Yalçın 0000-0001-8431-6835

Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date May 6, 2024
Acceptance Date November 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 26 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Göncü, B. S., Kılıç, Y., & Yalçın, İ. (2024). Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 26(3), 529-536. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1479198
AMA Göncü BS, Kılıç Y, Yalçın İ. Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes. Turk J Sport Exe. December 2024;26(3):529-536. doi:10.15314/tsed.1479198
Chicago Göncü, Burcu Sıla, Yakup Kılıç, and İlimdar Yalçın. “Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26, no. 3 (December 2024): 529-36. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1479198.
EndNote Göncü BS, Kılıç Y, Yalçın İ (December 1, 2024) Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26 3 529–536.
IEEE B. S. Göncü, Y. Kılıç, and İ. Yalçın, “Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 529–536, 2024, doi: 10.15314/tsed.1479198.
ISNAD Göncü, Burcu Sıla et al. “Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26/3 (December 2024), 529-536. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1479198.
JAMA Göncü BS, Kılıç Y, Yalçın İ. Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes. Turk J Sport Exe. 2024;26:529–536.
MLA Göncü, Burcu Sıla et al. “Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 26, no. 3, 2024, pp. 529-36, doi:10.15314/tsed.1479198.
Vancouver Göncü BS, Kılıç Y, Yalçın İ. Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes. Turk J Sport Exe. 2024;26(3):529-36.

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