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The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 419 - 427, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1557396

Abstract

This study examined the effects of different strength training programs applied over a 12-week period on various performance values in young individuals aged 18-20, as well as the performance values following a 1-month detraining period. The research involved 30 male volunteers studying at Selçuk University in Konya. After initial measurements, participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG), a plyometric strength training group (PSTG), and a resistance band strength training group (RBSTG). The average ages were 18.70±0.67 years for CG, 18.70±0.67 years for PSTG, and 19.10±0.87 years for RBSTG. Heights were 178.76±7.38 cm for CG, 176.90±5.64 cm for PSTG, and 174.70±6.12 cm for RBSTG. Body weights were 71.40±8.82 kg (pre-test), 73.00±9.34 kg (post-test), and 74.00±9.15 kg (detraining test) for CG; 69.00±6.58 kg (pre-test), 70.00±6.56 kg (post-test), and 70.60±6.56 kg (detraining test) for PSTG; and 68.70±12.65 kg (pre-test), 69.30±11.55 kg (post-test), and 69.50±11.28 kg (detraining test) for RBSTG.
The training groups performed the prescribed 8 training modalities 3 days per week for 12 weeks, with 10 repetitions and 4 sets each session. Following the training period, post-tests were conducted and the detraining period began. After a 1-month detraining period, detraining tests were conducted, and statistical analyses were performed. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 26). Mean and standard deviations for all variables were calculated. Differences within groups for pre-test, post-test, and detraining test measurements were assessed using 'Repeated Measures ANOVA'. Differences between groups for each period (pre-test, post-test, and detraining test) were determined using 'One-Way ANOVA'. To identify which group contributed to the differences, the "Duncan" post-hoc test was applied. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Significant differences were observed within the plyometric training group for aerobic power testing (P<0.05). In speed tests, the control group showed negative changes, while the training groups showed supportive improvements (P<0.05). Reaction tests revealed significant changes within the training groups (P<0.05). Between-group comparisons showed that the plyometric training group had statistically significant results in post-tests (P<0.05). In agility testing, significant changes were observed within the training groups, with the resistance band training group showing statistically significant results post-tests (P<0.05).
In conclusion, both plyometric and resistance band training programs appear to have positive effects on muscular performance and overall aerobic performance.

References

  • 1. Cigerci AE, Genc H. The effect of strength training with different frequency on untrained university students. Physical Education of Students. 2020;24(4):186-93.
  • 2. Radnor JM, Lloyd RS, Oliver JL. Individual response to different forms of resistance training in school-aged boys. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2017;31(3):787-97.
  • 3. Bloom GA, Falcão WR, Caron JG. Coaching high performance athletes: Implications for coach training. Positive human functioning from a multidimensional perspective. 2014;3:107-31.
  • 4. Wong DP, Hjelde GH, Cheng C-F, Ngo JK. Use of the RSA/RCOD index to identify training priority in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2015;29(10):2787-93.
  • 5. Aandstad A, Holme I, Berntsen S, Anderssen SA. Validity and reliability of the 20 meter shuttle run test in military personnel. Military medicine. 2011;176(5):513-8.
  • 6. Erkanlı O. Saha temelli sıçrama testleri ile izokinetik kas kuvveti arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2023.
  • 7. Soylu Ç, Altundağ E. Exploring the Dynamics of Hamstring Strength in Volleyball: A Positional Perspective Through a Cross-sectional Lens. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2024;26(2):288-97.
  • 8. Löklüoğlu B, Yılmaz S, Özcan S, Tatlıcı A. Investigation of balance performance of wrestling and kickboxing athletes. Physical Education of Students. 2024;28(1):37-42.
  • 9. Badau D, Baydil B, Badau A. Differences among three measures of reaction time based on hand laterality in individual sports. Sports. 2018;6(2):45.
  • 10. Alemdaroğlu U. Aerobik kapasitenin belirlenmesinde kullanılan saha ve laboratuvar testlerinin karşılaştırması: Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2008.
  • 11. Chu DA. Plyometric exercises with the medicine ball. (No Title). 1989.
  • 12. Bayraktar I. Farklı Spor branşlarında pliometrik. Ata Ofset Matbaacılık. 2006(s 24).
  • 13. Dündar U. Antrenman teorisi: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2003.
  • 14. Ateş M, Demir M, Ateşoğlu U. Pliometrik antrenmanın 16-18 yaş grubu erkek futbolcuların bazı fiziksel ve fizyolojik parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007;1(1):1-12.
  • 15. Yarayan MT, Müniroğlu S. Sekiz haftalık pliometrik antrenman programının 13-14 yaş grubu futbolcularda dikey sıçrama, çeviklik, sürat ve kuvvet parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;18(4):100-12.
  • 16. Pancar Z, Biçer M, Özdal M. 12–14 yaş grubu bayan hentbolculara uygulanan 8 haftalik pliometrik antrenmanlarin seçilmiş bazi kuvvet parametrelerine etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2018;9(1):18-24.
  • 17. Ramírez-Vélez R, Rodrigues-Bezerra D, Correa-Bautista JE, Izquierdo M, Lobelo F. Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests among Colombian children and adolescents: the FUPRECOL study. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0140875.
  • 18. Herman I, Hasan MF, Hidayat II, Apriantono T, editors. Analysis of speed and acceleration on 60-meters running test between women soccer and futsal players. 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019); 2020: Atlantis Press.
  • 19. Tatlıcı A, Özer Ö. Türkiye işitme engelli erkek milli basketbolcularda dinlenme ve yorgunluk görsel-motor reaksiyon sürelerinin karşılaştırılması. Türk Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;5(2):149-54.
  • 20. Tatlıcı A, Arslan B, Böge V. Investigation of Performance Parameters of Elite Fencers. Sportive. 2022;5(1):36-47.
  • 21. Rosendahl E, Littbrand H, Lindelöf N, Lundin-Olsson L, Yngve G, Nyberg L. A high-intensity functional exercise program is applicable for older people with cognitive impairment. 2007.
  • 22. Friebe D, Engeroff T, Giesche F, Niederer D. Effects of open skill visuomotor choice reaction time training on unanticipated jump-landing stability and quality: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in human neuroscience. 2021;15:683909.
  • 23. Kotzamanidis C. Effect of plyometric training on running performance and vertical jumping in prepubertal boys. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2006;20(2):441-5.
  • 24. Ronnestad BR, Kvamme NH, Sunde A, Raastad T. Short-term effects of strength and plyometric training on sprint and jump performance in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2008;22(3):773-80.
  • 25. Sharma D, Multani NK. Effectiveness of plyometric training in the improvement of sports specific skills of basketball players. Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy. 2012;6(1).
  • 26. Koçak M, Küçük H, Albay F, Taşdemir DŞ. The effect of 8-week core training on running based anaerobic sprint ability of footballers. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2022;16(02):1050-.
  • 27. Ramírez-Campillo R, Álvarez C, Henríquez-Olguín C, Baez EB, Martínez C, Andrade DC, et al. Effects of plyometric training on endurance and explosive strength performance in competitive middle-and long-distance runners. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2014;28(1):97-104.
  • 28. Tantıthatt T, Pluemsamran T. The effect of three methods of resıstance traınıng on the speed of 50 meters: Srinakharinwirot University; 2020.
  • 29. Treiber FA, Lott J, Duncan J, Slavens G, Davis H. Effects of Theraband and lightweight dumbbell training on shoulder rotation torque and serve performance in college tennis players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1998;26(4):510-5.
  • 30. Narang S, Patil D, Kumar K, Phansopkar P. Effects of Ballistic Six Exercises and Theraband Exercises on Physical Performance in Badminton Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2021;15(2).
  • 31. Keiner M, Kadlubowski B, Sander A, Hartmann H, Wirth K. Effects of 10 months of speed, functional, and traditional strength training on strength, linear sprint, change of direction, and jump performance in trained adolescent soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2022;36(8):2236-46.
  • 32. Kim S-H, No J-H. The Effect of a Thera-band Exercise Program on the Physical Function of Elderly Women. PNF and Movement. 2011;9(4):1-11.
  • 33. Spurrs RW, Murphy AJ, Watsford ML. The effect of plyometric training on distance running performance. European journal of applied physiology. 2003;89:1-7.
  • 34. Connelly LA. Concurrent Plyometric And Endurance Training Effects On Aerobic Fitness-Performance In Adult Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis: The University of North Dakota; 2017.

Farklı Kuvvet Antrenmanlarının 18-20 Yaş Grubu Bireylerin Saha Testleri Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 419 - 427, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1557396

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 18-20 yaş arasındaki genç bireylerde farklı kuvvet antrenmanlarının 12 haftalık bir süre boyunca uygulanmasının antrenman sonrası bazı performans değerleri üzerindeki etkisi ve ardından 1 aylık detraining dönemi sonrası performans değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya, Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi'nde öğrenim gören 30 erkek birey gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, ilk ölçümleri alındıktan sonra rastgele bir şekilde kontrol grubu (KG), pliometrik kuvvet antrenman grubu (PKAG) ve direnç lastiği kuvvet antrenman grubu (DLKAG) olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrıldı.
Antrenman grupları, belirlenen 8 antrenman şeklini ilk testlerin ardından haftada 3 gün boyunca 12 hafta boyunca 10 tekrar 4 set şeklinde uygulamıştır. Antrenman dönemi sona erdikten sonra son testler yapılmış ve detraining dönemine geçilmiştir. 1 aylık detraining dönemi sonrasında detraining testleri yapılarak istatistiksel analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 26) paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm değişkenlere ait verilerin ortalama ve standart sapmaları hesaplanmıştır. Ön test, son test ve detraining test dönemlerinde alınan ölçümler için grup içindeki farklılığın belirlenmesinde, 'Tekrarlı Ölçümlerde Varyans Analizi' (Repeated Measures ANOVA) testi uygulanmıştır. Her bir dönem için (ön test, son test ve detraining test), gruplar arasındaki farklılığın belirlenmesinde ise 'Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (One Way ANOVA)' kullanılmıştır. Farklılığın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığının belirlenmesinde ise Post-hoc testlerden "Duncan" testi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerin değerlendirilmesinde, P<0,05 olduğu durumlar anlamlı değer olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Aerobik güç testinde pliometrik antrenman grubunda grup içi ölçümler arasında anlamlılık gözlemlenmiştir (P<0,05). Sürat testinde kontrol grubunda negatif yönde, antrenman gruplarında ise destekleyici yönde anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05). Reaksiyon testinde antrenman gruplarında grup içi ölçümlerde anlamlılık gözlemlenmiştir (P<0,05). Gruplar arası ölçümlerde ise son testler sonrasında PKAG istatistiksel olarak önemli ölçüde anlamlı bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Çeviklik testinde antrenman gruplarında grup içi ölçümlerde anlamlılık bulunmuştur. Gruplar arası ölçümlerde ise son testler sonrasında DLKAG istatistiksel olarak önemli ölçüde anlamlı bulunmuştur (P<0,05).
Sonuç olarak, pliometrik antrenmanın aerobik kapasiteyi artırmada etkili olduğunu, direnç bandı antrenmanının ise sınırlı bir etkisi bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, bu antrenman yöntemlerinin etkilerinin yaş, cinsiyet ve antrenman geçmişi gibi bireysel faktörlere bağlı olarak değişebileceğini vurgulamaktadır.

References

  • 1. Cigerci AE, Genc H. The effect of strength training with different frequency on untrained university students. Physical Education of Students. 2020;24(4):186-93.
  • 2. Radnor JM, Lloyd RS, Oliver JL. Individual response to different forms of resistance training in school-aged boys. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2017;31(3):787-97.
  • 3. Bloom GA, Falcão WR, Caron JG. Coaching high performance athletes: Implications for coach training. Positive human functioning from a multidimensional perspective. 2014;3:107-31.
  • 4. Wong DP, Hjelde GH, Cheng C-F, Ngo JK. Use of the RSA/RCOD index to identify training priority in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2015;29(10):2787-93.
  • 5. Aandstad A, Holme I, Berntsen S, Anderssen SA. Validity and reliability of the 20 meter shuttle run test in military personnel. Military medicine. 2011;176(5):513-8.
  • 6. Erkanlı O. Saha temelli sıçrama testleri ile izokinetik kas kuvveti arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2023.
  • 7. Soylu Ç, Altundağ E. Exploring the Dynamics of Hamstring Strength in Volleyball: A Positional Perspective Through a Cross-sectional Lens. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2024;26(2):288-97.
  • 8. Löklüoğlu B, Yılmaz S, Özcan S, Tatlıcı A. Investigation of balance performance of wrestling and kickboxing athletes. Physical Education of Students. 2024;28(1):37-42.
  • 9. Badau D, Baydil B, Badau A. Differences among three measures of reaction time based on hand laterality in individual sports. Sports. 2018;6(2):45.
  • 10. Alemdaroğlu U. Aerobik kapasitenin belirlenmesinde kullanılan saha ve laboratuvar testlerinin karşılaştırması: Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü; 2008.
  • 11. Chu DA. Plyometric exercises with the medicine ball. (No Title). 1989.
  • 12. Bayraktar I. Farklı Spor branşlarında pliometrik. Ata Ofset Matbaacılık. 2006(s 24).
  • 13. Dündar U. Antrenman teorisi: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım; 2003.
  • 14. Ateş M, Demir M, Ateşoğlu U. Pliometrik antrenmanın 16-18 yaş grubu erkek futbolcuların bazı fiziksel ve fizyolojik parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007;1(1):1-12.
  • 15. Yarayan MT, Müniroğlu S. Sekiz haftalık pliometrik antrenman programının 13-14 yaş grubu futbolcularda dikey sıçrama, çeviklik, sürat ve kuvvet parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;18(4):100-12.
  • 16. Pancar Z, Biçer M, Özdal M. 12–14 yaş grubu bayan hentbolculara uygulanan 8 haftalik pliometrik antrenmanlarin seçilmiş bazi kuvvet parametrelerine etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2018;9(1):18-24.
  • 17. Ramírez-Vélez R, Rodrigues-Bezerra D, Correa-Bautista JE, Izquierdo M, Lobelo F. Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests among Colombian children and adolescents: the FUPRECOL study. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0140875.
  • 18. Herman I, Hasan MF, Hidayat II, Apriantono T, editors. Analysis of speed and acceleration on 60-meters running test between women soccer and futsal players. 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019); 2020: Atlantis Press.
  • 19. Tatlıcı A, Özer Ö. Türkiye işitme engelli erkek milli basketbolcularda dinlenme ve yorgunluk görsel-motor reaksiyon sürelerinin karşılaştırılması. Türk Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;5(2):149-54.
  • 20. Tatlıcı A, Arslan B, Böge V. Investigation of Performance Parameters of Elite Fencers. Sportive. 2022;5(1):36-47.
  • 21. Rosendahl E, Littbrand H, Lindelöf N, Lundin-Olsson L, Yngve G, Nyberg L. A high-intensity functional exercise program is applicable for older people with cognitive impairment. 2007.
  • 22. Friebe D, Engeroff T, Giesche F, Niederer D. Effects of open skill visuomotor choice reaction time training on unanticipated jump-landing stability and quality: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in human neuroscience. 2021;15:683909.
  • 23. Kotzamanidis C. Effect of plyometric training on running performance and vertical jumping in prepubertal boys. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2006;20(2):441-5.
  • 24. Ronnestad BR, Kvamme NH, Sunde A, Raastad T. Short-term effects of strength and plyometric training on sprint and jump performance in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2008;22(3):773-80.
  • 25. Sharma D, Multani NK. Effectiveness of plyometric training in the improvement of sports specific skills of basketball players. Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy. 2012;6(1).
  • 26. Koçak M, Küçük H, Albay F, Taşdemir DŞ. The effect of 8-week core training on running based anaerobic sprint ability of footballers. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2022;16(02):1050-.
  • 27. Ramírez-Campillo R, Álvarez C, Henríquez-Olguín C, Baez EB, Martínez C, Andrade DC, et al. Effects of plyometric training on endurance and explosive strength performance in competitive middle-and long-distance runners. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2014;28(1):97-104.
  • 28. Tantıthatt T, Pluemsamran T. The effect of three methods of resıstance traınıng on the speed of 50 meters: Srinakharinwirot University; 2020.
  • 29. Treiber FA, Lott J, Duncan J, Slavens G, Davis H. Effects of Theraband and lightweight dumbbell training on shoulder rotation torque and serve performance in college tennis players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1998;26(4):510-5.
  • 30. Narang S, Patil D, Kumar K, Phansopkar P. Effects of Ballistic Six Exercises and Theraband Exercises on Physical Performance in Badminton Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2021;15(2).
  • 31. Keiner M, Kadlubowski B, Sander A, Hartmann H, Wirth K. Effects of 10 months of speed, functional, and traditional strength training on strength, linear sprint, change of direction, and jump performance in trained adolescent soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2022;36(8):2236-46.
  • 32. Kim S-H, No J-H. The Effect of a Thera-band Exercise Program on the Physical Function of Elderly Women. PNF and Movement. 2011;9(4):1-11.
  • 33. Spurrs RW, Murphy AJ, Watsford ML. The effect of plyometric training on distance running performance. European journal of applied physiology. 2003;89:1-7.
  • 34. Connelly LA. Concurrent Plyometric And Endurance Training Effects On Aerobic Fitness-Performance In Adult Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis: The University of North Dakota; 2017.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Training
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ali Saçıkara 0009-0004-3504-422X

Mehmet Kılıç 0000-0002-8917-9048

Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date September 27, 2024
Acceptance Date December 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 26 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Saçıkara, A., & Kılıç, M. (2024). The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 26(3), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1557396
AMA Saçıkara A, Kılıç M. The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20. Turk J Sport Exe. December 2024;26(3):419-427. doi:10.15314/tsed.1557396
Chicago Saçıkara, Ali, and Mehmet Kılıç. “The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26, no. 3 (December 2024): 419-27. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1557396.
EndNote Saçıkara A, Kılıç M (December 1, 2024) The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26 3 419–427.
IEEE A. Saçıkara and M. Kılıç, “The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 419–427, 2024, doi: 10.15314/tsed.1557396.
ISNAD Saçıkara, Ali - Kılıç, Mehmet. “The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 26/3 (December 2024), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1557396.
JAMA Saçıkara A, Kılıç M. The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20. Turk J Sport Exe. 2024;26:419–427.
MLA Saçıkara, Ali and Mehmet Kılıç. “The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 26, no. 3, 2024, pp. 419-27, doi:10.15314/tsed.1557396.
Vancouver Saçıkara A, Kılıç M. The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20. Turk J Sport Exe. 2024;26(3):419-27.

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