Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 308 - 321, 31.08.2025

Abstract

Mental toughness and physical activity level of sports science students are supporting factors in coping with their intense academic, sports, and athletic demands. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between mental toughness and physical activity levels of sports science faculty students.
In this study, a relational screening model was used, which is one of the general screening methods of quantitative type, to determine the interactions between multiple variables. The data were collected from a total of 361 students, 179 female and 182 male, from the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of the Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Sports Management, Coaching Training and Recreation departments of Selçuk University Faculty of Sports Sciences by convenience sampling method. "Sports Mental Toughness Inventory (SMTI)", "International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)" and "Personal Information Form" whose validity and reliability studies were conducted in Turkey were used to collect the data. Since the data did not show normal distribution, X2 was used to determine the difference between the distributions of the groups, Mann Whitney U was used to compare the binary groups, Kruskall Wallis was used to compare the triple groups, and sequential correlation coefficient analyzes were used to determine the relationship between the variables.
The findings of this study show that the level of physical activity changes according to age groups, not gender factor. In women, except for the SMTI maintain sub-dimension, there are significant differences due to the differences between low and high and medium and high exercise level groups in terms of other confidence, control and SMTI total scores. In men, there were significant differences in the endurance sub-dimension of SMTI from low and medium level exercise groups, and in other sub-dimensions from low and high exercise groups. In female and male students, a significant relationship was found between physical activity level and confidence and total score of mental toughness inventory in sports. However, no significant relationship was found between physical activity level and continuity sub-dimension. In male students, a significant relationship was found between physical activity level and confidence, control and total scores of mental toughness inventory in sports. As in women, no significant relationship was observed between physical activity level and continuity sub-dimension in men. As a result, it can be said that as the level of physical activity increases in both male and female students, mental toughness in sports also increases.
It can be conclude thatt as the level of physical activity increases in both male and female students, mental toughness in sports also increases. Slightly more than half of the male students in sports sciences participate in vigorous physical activities, while slightly less than half of the female students participate in vigorous physical activities. The level of physical activity varies according to age rather than gender.

References

  • 1. Aktaş, B., Gürşan, İ. N., Köprülüoğlu, M., & Kaya, D. Ö. (2023). Sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile eleştirel düşünme arasındaki ilişki: kesitsel bir çalışma. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 10(2), 107-114.
  • 2. Altıntaş, A., & Bayar Koruç, P. (2016). Sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık envanteri’nin psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi (SZDE). Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 162–171.
  • 3. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
  • 4. Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J., & Martin, B. W. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258–271.
  • 5. Bennie, J. A., De Cocker, K., Teychenne, M. J., Brown, W. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2019). The epidemiology of aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity guideline adherence among 383,928 U.S. Adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 34.
  • 6. Brewer, B. W. (2009). Handbook of sports medicine and science, sport psychology. Chichester: John Wiley& Sons Ltd.
  • 7. Büyük, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (18th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • 8. Büyüköztürk, Ş, (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. 7. Baskı. Ankara, Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • 9. Cengiz, C., İnce, M. L., & Çiçek, Ş. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve fiziksel aktivite tercihleri. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 23-32.
  • 10. Clough, P. A., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: The concept and its measurement. In I. Cockerill (Ed.), Solutions in sport psychology (pp. 32–43). Thomson.
  • 11. Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., & Oja, P. (2003). International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395.
  • 12. Crust, L. (2007). Mental toughness in sport: A review. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(3), 270–290.
  • 13. Crust, L., & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: From research to practice. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2(1), 21-32.
  • 14. Crust, L., Earle, K., Perry, J., Earle, F., Clough, A., & Clough, P. J. (2014). Mental toughness in higher education: Relationships with achievement and progression in first-year university sports students. Personality and individual differences, 69, 87-91.
  • 15. Çeker, A., Çekin, R., & Ziyagil, M. A. (2013). Farklı yaş gruplarındaki kadın ve erkeklerin düzenli fiziksel aktiviteye katılım davranışının değişim basamakları. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 11-20.
  • 16. Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 98.
  • 17. Eroğlu, O., Ünveren, A., Ayna, Ç., & Müftüoğlu, N. E. (2020). Spor bilimleri fakültesindeki öğrencilerin sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık ve sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 100–110.
  • 18. Fourie, S., & Potgieter, J. R. (2001). The nature of mental toughness in sport. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation,, 23(2), 63–72. https://doi.org/ 10.4314/sajrs.v23i2.25860
  • 19. Goldberg, L. R. (1995). What the hell took so long? Donald W. Fiske and the five-factor model. In P. E. Shrout & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), Personality research, methods, and theory: A festschrift honoring Donald W. Fiske (pp. 29–43). Erlbaum.
  • 20. Gould, D., Dieffenbach, K., & Moffett, A.(2002). Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 172–204. https://doi.org/10. 1080/10413200290103482.
  • 21. Gould, D., Hodge, K., Peterson, K., & Petlichkoff, L. (1987). Psychological foundations of coaching: Similarities and differences among intercollegiate wrestling coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 1(4), 293–308. https://doi.org/10. 1123/tsp.1.4.293.
  • 22. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. A. (2008). Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of applied sport psychology, 20(3), 261-281.
  • 23. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. A. (2016). The mediating role of mental toughness in the relationship between passion and burnout in athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 83–92.
  • 24. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., Dimmock, J. A., & Mallett, C. J. (2009). Understanding the coach's role in the development of mental toughness: Perspectives of elite Australian football coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(13), 1483–1496.
  • 25. Gucciardi, D. F., Hanton, S., Gordon, S., Mallett, C. J., & Temby, P. (2015). The concept of mental toughness: Tests of dimensionality, nomological network, and traitness. Journal of personality, 83(1), 26-44.
  • 26. Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U. (2012). Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. The Lancet, 380(9838), 247-257.
  • 27. Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., Dunstan, D. W., Winkler, E. A., & Owen, N. (2014). Sedentary time and cardio-metabolic biomarkers in US adults: NHANES 2003–06. European heart journal, 35(42), 2948-2957.
  • 28. Holt, N. L., Neely, K. C., & Slater, L. G. (2012). Positive youth development through sport: A review of the literature. Sport in Society, 15(5), 633–654.
  • 29. Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2002). What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 205–218.
  • 30. Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The sport psychologist, 21(2), 243-264.
  • 31. Karasar, N. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • 32. Kargün, M., Togo, O. T., Biner, M., & Pala, A. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Spor Bilim Dergisi, 1(1), 61–72.
  • 33. Kinnear, T. C., & Taylor, J. R. (1996). Marketing research: An applied approach. McGraw Hill.
  • 34. Korkmaz, N. H., & Deniz, M. (2013). Yetişkinlerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile sosyo-ekonomik düzeyleri arasindaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sport Sciences, 8(3), 46-56.
  • 35. Kurtuluş, K. (2004). Pazarlama araştırmaları (7th ed.). Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • 36. Liew, G. C., Kuan, G., Chin, N. S., & Hashim, H. A. (2019). Mental toughness in sport: Systematic review and future. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 49(4), 381-394.
  • 37. Madrigal, L., Hamill, S., & Gill, D. L. (2013). Gender differences in the mental toughness of elite athletes. Journal of Sport Behavior, 36(1), 70–84.
  • 38. Moritz, S. E., Feltz, D. L., Fahrbach, K. R., & Mack, D. E. (2000). The relation of self-efficacy measures to sport performance: A meta-analytic review. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 71(3), 280-294.
  • 39. Newland, J. A., Newton, M., & Legg, S. (2010). Mental toughness and gender in intercollegiate basketball. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(2), 232-244.
  • 40. Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., Levy, A. R., & Backhouse, S. H. (2008). Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1), 73–75.
  • 41. Ölçücü, B., Vatansever, Ş., Özcan, G., Çelik, A., & Paktaş, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile depresyon ve anksiyete ilişkisi. Uluslararası Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2015(4), 294-303.
  • 42. Özdemir, S., İnce, M. L., & Çelen, S. (2018). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve yaşam kalitesi. Sportmetre. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 1-8.
  • 43. Özmen Ş, Çakmaklı İ, (2022). İnternet üzerinden anket yoluyla veri toplama. Erişim tarihi 15 Nisan 2024. Erişim adresi, https://studylibtr.com/doc/1015325/doc---%C5%9Fule-%C3%B6zmen
  • 44. Öztürk, M. (2005). Üniversitede eğitim-öğretim gören öğrencilerde uluslararası fiziksel aktivite anketinin geçerliliği ve güvenirliği ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • 45. Paluska, S. A., & Schwenk, T. L. (2000). Physical activity and mental health: current concepts. Sports medicine, 29, 167-180.
  • 46. Patel, N., Fils-Aime, R., Li, C. H., Lin, M., & Robison, V. (2021). Prevalence of past-year dental visit among US adults aged 50 years or older, with selected chronic diseases, 2018. Preventing Chronic Disease, 18, E40.
  • 47. Penedo, F. J., & Dahn, J. R. (2005). Exercise and well-being: A review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18(2), 189–193.
  • 48. Reis, R. S., Salvo, D., Ogilvie, D., Lambert, E. V., Goenka, S., Brownson, R. C., & Kohl, H. W. (2016). Global surveillance of physical activity: progress, evidence, and opportunities. The Lancet, 388(10043), 557-571.
  • 49. Sheard, M. (2012). Mental toughness: The mindset behind sporting achievement. Routledge.
  • 50. Sheard, M., Golby, J., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2009). The development and validation of a sport mental toughness questionnaire. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(13), 1381-1392.
  • 51. Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of neural transmission, 116, 777-784.
  • 52. Şahin, M., Kırandı, Ö., Atabaş, G., & Bayraktar, B. (2017). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri (İstanbul Üniversitesi örneği). Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 1(1), 26-33.
  • 53. Tekkurşun Demir, G. T., & Türkeli, A. (2019). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin eg)ersi) bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 10-24.
  • 54. Thomas, A. G., Dennis, A., Bandettini, P. A., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012). The effects of aerobic activity on brain structure. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 86.
  • 55. Weinberg, R. S.,&Gould,D.(2003). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology. Champaign: Human Kinetics.
  • 56. Wilson, K., & Rodgers, W. M. (2004). The relationship between mental toughness and physical practice in college students. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16(3), 224–233.
  • 57. World Health Organization. (2018). Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: More active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • 58. Yıldırım, İ., Özşevik, K., Özer, S., Canyurt, E., & Tortop, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite ile depresyon ilişkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(9), 32-39.
  • 59. Yildiz. M. E., Gunel, I., & Dalbudak, I. (2024). The relationship between physical activity and mindful awareness of university students. Phys Educ Students, 28, 234-41.

Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Zihinsel Dayanıklılık ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 308 - 321, 31.08.2025

Abstract

Bu çalışma, yoğun akademik ve sportif taleplerle karşılaşan spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin zihinsel dayanıklılık ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. İlişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak, Selçuk Üniversitesi'nin dört bölümünden kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle 361 öğrenciden (179 kadın, 182 erkek) veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplamada Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışmaları yapılmış Spor Zihinsel Dayanıklılık Envanteri (SZDE), Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (UFAA) ve demografik form kullanılmıştır. Normal dağılım göstermeyen veriler, parametrik olmayan testlerle analiz edilmiştir: Grup dağılım farkları için Ki-kare, ikili karşılaştırmalar için Mann-Whitney U, çoklu gruplar için Kruskal-Wallis ve değişken ilişkileri için Spearman Sıralı Korelasyon.
Temel bulgular, fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin cinsiyete değil, yaşa bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir. Kadınlarda, düşük/yüksek ve orta/yüksek egzersiz grupları arasında SZDE "güven", "kontrol" ve toplam puanlarda anlamlı farklar bulunurken, "sürdürme" alt boyutunda fark gözlenmemiştir. Erkeklerde ise düşük/orta düzey gruplar arasında "dayanıklılık" alt boyutunda, düşük/yüksek gruplar arasında diğer alt boyutlarda farklar tespit edilmiştir. Her iki cinsiyette de fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile SZDE "güven" ve toplam puanlar arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunurken, "süreklilik" alt boyutu ile ilişki saptanmamıştır. Erkeklerde ayrıca aktivite düzeyi ile "kontrol" puanları arasında da ilişki gözlenmiştir. Genel olarak, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arttıkça, sporculardaki zihinsel dayanıklılık da artmaktadır.
Neticede erkek öğrencilerin yarısından fazlası yoğun fiziksel aktivitelere katılırken, kadınlarda bu oran daha düşüktür. Aktivite düzeyleri cinsiyetten ziyade yaşa bağlıdır. Bu sonuçlar, spor bilimleri öğrencilerinde zihinsel dayanıklılığı artırmada fiziksel aktivitenin rolünü vurgulamakta ve akademik/atletik performansı optimize etmek için kişiye özgü müdahalelerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • 1. Aktaş, B., Gürşan, İ. N., Köprülüoğlu, M., & Kaya, D. Ö. (2023). Sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile eleştirel düşünme arasındaki ilişki: kesitsel bir çalışma. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 10(2), 107-114.
  • 2. Altıntaş, A., & Bayar Koruç, P. (2016). Sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık envanteri’nin psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi (SZDE). Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(4), 162–171.
  • 3. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
  • 4. Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J., & Martin, B. W. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258–271.
  • 5. Bennie, J. A., De Cocker, K., Teychenne, M. J., Brown, W. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2019). The epidemiology of aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity guideline adherence among 383,928 U.S. Adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 34.
  • 6. Brewer, B. W. (2009). Handbook of sports medicine and science, sport psychology. Chichester: John Wiley& Sons Ltd.
  • 7. Büyük, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (18th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • 8. Büyüköztürk, Ş, (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. 7. Baskı. Ankara, Pegem Yayıncılık.
  • 9. Cengiz, C., İnce, M. L., & Çiçek, Ş. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve fiziksel aktivite tercihleri. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 23-32.
  • 10. Clough, P. A., Earle, K., & Sewell, D. (2002). Mental toughness: The concept and its measurement. In I. Cockerill (Ed.), Solutions in sport psychology (pp. 32–43). Thomson.
  • 11. Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., & Oja, P. (2003). International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395.
  • 12. Crust, L. (2007). Mental toughness in sport: A review. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(3), 270–290.
  • 13. Crust, L., & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: From research to practice. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2(1), 21-32.
  • 14. Crust, L., Earle, K., Perry, J., Earle, F., Clough, A., & Clough, P. J. (2014). Mental toughness in higher education: Relationships with achievement and progression in first-year university sports students. Personality and individual differences, 69, 87-91.
  • 15. Çeker, A., Çekin, R., & Ziyagil, M. A. (2013). Farklı yaş gruplarındaki kadın ve erkeklerin düzenli fiziksel aktiviteye katılım davranışının değişim basamakları. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 11-20.
  • 16. Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 98.
  • 17. Eroğlu, O., Ünveren, A., Ayna, Ç., & Müftüoğlu, N. E. (2020). Spor bilimleri fakültesindeki öğrencilerin sporda zihinsel dayanıklılık ve sporda ahlaktan uzaklaşma düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 100–110.
  • 18. Fourie, S., & Potgieter, J. R. (2001). The nature of mental toughness in sport. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation,, 23(2), 63–72. https://doi.org/ 10.4314/sajrs.v23i2.25860
  • 19. Goldberg, L. R. (1995). What the hell took so long? Donald W. Fiske and the five-factor model. In P. E. Shrout & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), Personality research, methods, and theory: A festschrift honoring Donald W. Fiske (pp. 29–43). Erlbaum.
  • 20. Gould, D., Dieffenbach, K., & Moffett, A.(2002). Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 172–204. https://doi.org/10. 1080/10413200290103482.
  • 21. Gould, D., Hodge, K., Peterson, K., & Petlichkoff, L. (1987). Psychological foundations of coaching: Similarities and differences among intercollegiate wrestling coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 1(4), 293–308. https://doi.org/10. 1123/tsp.1.4.293.
  • 22. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. A. (2008). Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of applied sport psychology, 20(3), 261-281.
  • 23. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J. A. (2016). The mediating role of mental toughness in the relationship between passion and burnout in athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 83–92.
  • 24. Gucciardi, D. F., Gordon, S., Dimmock, J. A., & Mallett, C. J. (2009). Understanding the coach's role in the development of mental toughness: Perspectives of elite Australian football coaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(13), 1483–1496.
  • 25. Gucciardi, D. F., Hanton, S., Gordon, S., Mallett, C. J., & Temby, P. (2015). The concept of mental toughness: Tests of dimensionality, nomological network, and traitness. Journal of personality, 83(1), 26-44.
  • 26. Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U. (2012). Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. The Lancet, 380(9838), 247-257.
  • 27. Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., Dunstan, D. W., Winkler, E. A., & Owen, N. (2014). Sedentary time and cardio-metabolic biomarkers in US adults: NHANES 2003–06. European heart journal, 35(42), 2948-2957.
  • 28. Holt, N. L., Neely, K. C., & Slater, L. G. (2012). Positive youth development through sport: A review of the literature. Sport in Society, 15(5), 633–654.
  • 29. Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2002). What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 205–218.
  • 30. Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The sport psychologist, 21(2), 243-264.
  • 31. Karasar, N. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • 32. Kargün, M., Togo, O. T., Biner, M., & Pala, A. (2016). Üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Spor Bilim Dergisi, 1(1), 61–72.
  • 33. Kinnear, T. C., & Taylor, J. R. (1996). Marketing research: An applied approach. McGraw Hill.
  • 34. Korkmaz, N. H., & Deniz, M. (2013). Yetişkinlerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile sosyo-ekonomik düzeyleri arasindaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Sport Sciences, 8(3), 46-56.
  • 35. Kurtuluş, K. (2004). Pazarlama araştırmaları (7th ed.). Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • 36. Liew, G. C., Kuan, G., Chin, N. S., & Hashim, H. A. (2019). Mental toughness in sport: Systematic review and future. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 49(4), 381-394.
  • 37. Madrigal, L., Hamill, S., & Gill, D. L. (2013). Gender differences in the mental toughness of elite athletes. Journal of Sport Behavior, 36(1), 70–84.
  • 38. Moritz, S. E., Feltz, D. L., Fahrbach, K. R., & Mack, D. E. (2000). The relation of self-efficacy measures to sport performance: A meta-analytic review. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 71(3), 280-294.
  • 39. Newland, J. A., Newton, M., & Legg, S. (2010). Mental toughness and gender in intercollegiate basketball. Journal of Sport Behavior, 33(2), 232-244.
  • 40. Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., Levy, A. R., & Backhouse, S. H. (2008). Mental toughness in sport: Achievement level, gender, age, experience, and sport type differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1), 73–75.
  • 41. Ölçücü, B., Vatansever, Ş., Özcan, G., Çelik, A., & Paktaş, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile depresyon ve anksiyete ilişkisi. Uluslararası Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2015(4), 294-303.
  • 42. Özdemir, S., İnce, M. L., & Çelen, S. (2018). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve yaşam kalitesi. Sportmetre. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(1), 1-8.
  • 43. Özmen Ş, Çakmaklı İ, (2022). İnternet üzerinden anket yoluyla veri toplama. Erişim tarihi 15 Nisan 2024. Erişim adresi, https://studylibtr.com/doc/1015325/doc---%C5%9Fule-%C3%B6zmen
  • 44. Öztürk, M. (2005). Üniversitede eğitim-öğretim gören öğrencilerde uluslararası fiziksel aktivite anketinin geçerliliği ve güvenirliği ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • 45. Paluska, S. A., & Schwenk, T. L. (2000). Physical activity and mental health: current concepts. Sports medicine, 29, 167-180.
  • 46. Patel, N., Fils-Aime, R., Li, C. H., Lin, M., & Robison, V. (2021). Prevalence of past-year dental visit among US adults aged 50 years or older, with selected chronic diseases, 2018. Preventing Chronic Disease, 18, E40.
  • 47. Penedo, F. J., & Dahn, J. R. (2005). Exercise and well-being: A review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18(2), 189–193.
  • 48. Reis, R. S., Salvo, D., Ogilvie, D., Lambert, E. V., Goenka, S., Brownson, R. C., & Kohl, H. W. (2016). Global surveillance of physical activity: progress, evidence, and opportunities. The Lancet, 388(10043), 557-571.
  • 49. Sheard, M. (2012). Mental toughness: The mindset behind sporting achievement. Routledge.
  • 50. Sheard, M., Golby, J., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2009). The development and validation of a sport mental toughness questionnaire. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(13), 1381-1392.
  • 51. Ströhle, A. (2009). Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of neural transmission, 116, 777-784.
  • 52. Şahin, M., Kırandı, Ö., Atabaş, G., & Bayraktar, B. (2017). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri (İstanbul Üniversitesi örneği). Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 1(1), 26-33.
  • 53. Tekkurşun Demir, G. T., & Türkeli, A. (2019). Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin eg)ersi) bağımlılığı ve zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 10-24.
  • 54. Thomas, A. G., Dennis, A., Bandettini, P. A., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012). The effects of aerobic activity on brain structure. Frontiers in psychology, 3, 86.
  • 55. Weinberg, R. S.,&Gould,D.(2003). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology. Champaign: Human Kinetics.
  • 56. Wilson, K., & Rodgers, W. M. (2004). The relationship between mental toughness and physical practice in college students. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16(3), 224–233.
  • 57. World Health Organization. (2018). Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: More active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • 58. Yıldırım, İ., Özşevik, K., Özer, S., Canyurt, E., & Tortop, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde Fiziksel aktivite ile depresyon ilişkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(9), 32-39.
  • 59. Yildiz. M. E., Gunel, I., & Dalbudak, I. (2024). The relationship between physical activity and mindful awareness of university students. Phys Educ Students, 28, 234-41.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Physical Activity and Health
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Zeynep Taşcı 0009-0009-2258-029X

Hüseyin Aslan 0000-0003-1008-6058

Mehmet Akif Ziyagil Ziyagil 0000-0003-0984-0607

Publication Date August 31, 2025
Submission Date May 23, 2025
Acceptance Date August 6, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Taşcı, Z., Aslan, H., & Ziyagil, M. A. Z. (2025). The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 27(2), 308-321. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1704630
AMA Taşcı Z, Aslan H, Ziyagil MAZ. The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students. Turk J Sport Exe. August 2025;27(2):308-321. doi:10.15314/tsed.1704630
Chicago Taşcı, Zeynep, Hüseyin Aslan, and Mehmet Akif Ziyagil Ziyagil. “The Examination of the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27, no. 2 (August 2025): 308-21. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1704630.
EndNote Taşcı Z, Aslan H, Ziyagil MAZ (August 1, 2025) The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27 2 308–321.
IEEE Z. Taşcı, H. Aslan, and M. A. Z. Ziyagil, “The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 308–321, 2025, doi: 10.15314/tsed.1704630.
ISNAD Taşcı, Zeynep et al. “The Examination of the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 27/2 (August2025), 308-321. https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1704630.
JAMA Taşcı Z, Aslan H, Ziyagil MAZ. The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students. Turk J Sport Exe. 2025;27:308–321.
MLA Taşcı, Zeynep et al. “The Examination of the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 27, no. 2, 2025, pp. 308-21, doi:10.15314/tsed.1704630.
Vancouver Taşcı Z, Aslan H, Ziyagil MAZ. The Examination of the Relationship between Mental Toughness and Physical Activity Levels of Sports Science Faculty Students. Turk J Sport Exe. 2025;27(2):308-21.

Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).