Abstract
Tarım ve hayvan yetiştirme gibi iki ayrılmaz bileşeni olan Neolitik'leşme, bir bütün olarak Nil Delta'sına ulaştığında, çobanların çöl bölgesine yayılmaları sonucu yön değişikliğine uğrar. Bu nedenle Sahra ve Sudan çiftçiliği, her ne kadar kendi içinde açıkça belirgin olmasa da, doğrudan avcı kültürler üzerine kuruludur. Levant'da bileşik ekonomiyle nitelenen ve esnekliğe sahip bir modeli içeren tarım, binadaki yeni ekonominin etkilerini gideremez ve değişim, geçiş modelleri olmaksızın, çok daha belirgin hale gelir. Göçebe çiftçilerin oluşturduğu Akdeniz kültürlerinin olağanüstü bölgeselleşmesine karşıt, Afrika örneğinde, öncüsü bilinmeyen sulamalı bir tarım rol oynamışlar. Hem hammadde hem de lüks maddelerin dolaşımında, özellikle çöl bölgesiyle Nil vadisi arasında, simgesel bir iletişim kurulmuştur. Çiftçi gruplar kentleşme sürecine mani olmaktan çok, tam tersine bu süreci hızlandırmışlardır. Çünkü onların kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik modelleri ve hareketli olmaları sonuç olarak iletişimi ve dolaşımı yoğunlaştırmış ve vadi kısa sürede bir bütünlük kazanmıştır.
Keywords
Abstract
According to an untested traditional hypothesis L C a n e v a 1999 . food producing groups reached northern Africa from the Levant by crossing the only land connection I x t w e e n the two a>niincuts, i,e, northern Sinai. Recent pro- posals, however, also include alternative or complementary maritime communication routes: as these are already attested from the Levant, or the Cilician coast, to at least as far d o w n as C y p m s J.D.Vigne et al. 1999. O J S t f Yosef 2002 , their extension further south is quite |»ssibte. A further pro|yjsal, according to which isolated pastoral groups may already have reached u p | x r Egypt from south-western Sinai, via the Suez gulf, one thousand years ear- lier than groups from the north A.Close 2002 , does not change the general picture of the dynamics of foe spread of Neolithic communi- ties in northern Africa. Between 6000 and 5500
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2005 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2005 Issue: 8 |
Cite
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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