Likya Bölgesi sahip olduğu tarihi ve doğal zenginlikleriyle Anadolu uygarlıkları içerisinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Herodot Likya halkının Girit 'ten göç ettiğini belirtmiştir. Homeros'un İlyada Destanı'nda Likya ordusunun Troya savaşlarında Sarpedon önderliğinde Akhalara karşı kahramanca mücadelesi anlatır. Hem Hitit tabletleri hem de mısır hiyerogliflerinden Likya ordusunun Kadeş Savaşı'nda Hititlerin yanında savaştığı da bilinmektedir. Likya halkının Demirçağ öncesinde bu topraklardaki varlığı yakın zamana kadar arkeolojik buluntularla belgelenememiştir. Dolayısıyla kendilerine özgü bir dili ve sanatı olan Likyalıların tarihsel geçmişi hakkında farklı görüşler ortaya atılmıştır. Tlos Antik Kenti ve yakın çevresindeki Tavabaşı - Girmeler mağaralarında yapılan araştırmalar Likya Bölgesi'ndeki yaşamın Hititler zamanından daha önce başladığını göstermiştir. Tlos kent merkezinde yürütülen kazı çalışmaları esnasında Kalkolitik Dönem ve Tunç Çağına ait yerleşim kalıntılarına ulaşılmıştır. Girmeler Mağarası önünde tespit edilen höyükteki en erken yerleşim katmanı seramiksiz Neolitik Dönem'e tarihlenmektedir. Tavabaşı mağaraları da benzer şekilde Neolitik Dönem'den itibaren bölge insanının sosyal yaşam detaylarını içeren arkeolojik veriler sunmaktadır. Mağaraların dış yüzeylerinde bulunan farklı ikonografideki kaya resimleri prehistorik dönemlere ait Tavabaşı yerleşiminin önemli kanıtlarındandır.
Archaeological investigations conducted in the mountainous territory of the ancient Lycian city of Tlos revealed significant information regarding the prehistoric past of the region. One of the most important discoveries is probably the Tavabaşı Cave, which has evidence for prehistoric rock art. Tavabaşı is composed two caves located very close one another, namely the upper cave and the lower cave. A group of figures painted in red have been documented on the weathered surface of the rock face above and to the left of the small entrance to the lower cave. These rock paintings are characterized by various geometric motifs, ornaments, unidentified signs and human figures. In terms of styıle, they strongly resemble rock paintings identiied at numerous locations in the Latmos Mountains to the northwest. Previously, it was accepted that the Latmos examples were the only testimonies to rock art in western Anatolia. Tavabaşı presents new evidence for the southward expansion of this tradition. It is proposed that the paintings observed on the façade of the lower cave could be dated to the first half of the fifth millennium BC in the light of two radiocarbon dates from the trial trench conducted inside the lower cave. This dating is more-or-less in accordance with the date offered for rock paintings in the Latmos Mountains, which accepted to be from the late sixth and fifth millennia BC based on the stylistic comparison offigures with those observed on painted pottery from the Lake District
| Primary Language | Turkish |
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| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Issue: 18 |
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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