PREHİSTORİK DÖNEMDEN GÜNÜMÜZE ANA İLETİŞİM YOLLARININ SÜREKLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNE

Year 2016, Issue: 19, 11 - 21, 01.01.2016

Barbora Weıssova Peter Pavúk

Abstract

Elimizdeki araştırman, İznik Gölü Ascania Lacus çevresindeki yolların sürekliliğini ana iletişim yöntemi olarak, art zamanlı bir perspektif içinde prehistorik dönemden günümüze ele almaktadır. Tüm probleme iki seviyede yaklaşılmıştır. Mikro bölgesel anlamda İznik Gölü’nün doğu kıyıları ele alınırken, makro bölgesel yönden de tüm kıyı hattı, Kuzey ve Güney dağ yamaçlarındaki merkezler ile birlikte ele alınarak incelenir. Yerleşim modelleri, antik yazarlar yanında mil taşları ve köprüler ve/veya bunların varlığına işaret eden yolların kalıntıları ile seçilmiş olan dönemlerin mekan zamansal analizi yapılmıştır. Bu şekilde yolların en olası rotaları belirlenmiştir. The Least Coast Path Analysis yöntemi gerektiğinde, özellikle de dağ yollarının rotalarını belirlemede kullanılmıştır. İki yaklaşım da karşılaştırılmış ve gözlemlenebilen modeller tartışılmıştır. Esasen, yolların yüksek sürekliliği, Erken Tunç Çağ’ından günümüze uzanan süreç içinde gözlemlenebilir.

Keywords

Küçük Asya, Bithynia, İznik Gölü Ascania Lacus, İznik Nicaea, Yollar, “Hac Yolu”

ON PERSISTENCY OF THE MAIN COMMUNICATION ROUTES FROM PREHISTORY UNTIL TODAY

Abstract

The present study examines the persistency of routes for the main communications in the territory around the Iznik Lake Ascania Lacus in a diachronic perspective: from prehistory until today. The whole problem is approached on two levels: whereas the micro-regional one targets the eastern shores of the Iznik Lake, the macro-regional one examines the entire shoreline and its interconnectivity with the main centres situated across the mountain ridges in the North and South. Based on the spatio-temporal analysis of the settlement patterns, ancient authors, as well as remnants of roads and/or finds connected with their existence, such as milestones and bridges, the most feasible routes of the main roads in selected periods are estimated. The Least Cost Path Analysis is also used when appropriate, especially for establishing the courses of the mountain routes. The results of the two approaches are compared, and the observable patterns discussed. Principally, one can state a high persistency for the routes, all the way from the Early Bronze Age till the modern times

Keywords

Asia Minor, Bithynia, Lake Iznik Ascania Lacus, Iznik Nicaea, Roads, ‘Pilgrim Road’

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