MÖ III. BİN YILIN İKİNCİ YARISINDA MEZRAA HÖYÜK’TE AÇIĞA ÇIKAN İKİ YAPI

Year 2016, Issue: 19, 23 - 45, 01.01.2016

Derya Yalçıklı

Abstract

Türkiye-Suriye sınırının kuzeyinde, Fırat nehrinin doğu yakasında Karkamış Barajı etki alanında kalan Mezraa Höyük, Şanlıurfa ili, Birecik ilçesinin güneyinde yer alır. Mezraa Höyük’ün Tepe alanında Ortaçağ mimari tabakaları tarafından tahribata uğramış olan iki yapıya ait kalıntılar açığa çıkarılmıştır. MÖ III. Bin yılın sonuna Erken Tunç Çağı III/IVA tarihlenen bu yapıların ani gelişen bir felaketle son bulduğu ve onarılmayarak terk edildiği saptanmıştır. Yapıların konumu, mimarideki planlama ve inşaat tekniği ile yapılardan ele geçen mühürler ve seramik buluntular, Mezraa Höyük’ün tepe üzerinde yer alan yapılarının bu bölgenin veya merkezin yöneticisine ait bir yapı topluluğu olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu veriler, bu dönemde Mezraa Höyük’te zengin bir yönetici sınıfının varlığını ve bölgede başlayan sosyal değişikliklerin ilk işaretlerinden birini oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

Erken Tunç Çağı, Anadolu, Suriye, Fırat Nehri, Mühür, Seramik

TWO STRUCTURES FROM MEZRAA HÖYÜK DATING TO THE SECOND HALF OF THE THIRD MILLENNIUM BC

Abstract

Mezraa Höyük is located north of Turkish-Syrian border on the east bank of Euphrates within the borders of Şanlıurfa district, south of the modern town Birecik. The mound remains inside the Karkamış Dam reservoir impact area. On the summit of the mound ruins of two structures, partly disturbed by the Middle Age architectural layers, were recovered. These buildings date to the end of the 3rd millennium BC Early Bronze Age III/IVA . Excavations showed that the buildings were abandoned following a sudden and severe destruction and were never rebuilt again. The location of these structures, their architectural planning and building techniques as well as the items, such as seals and rich ceramic repertoire allows us to interpret them as a building complex which probably belonged to a ruler of the whole region or the center itself. These findings constitute one of the earliest indicators of the existence of a prosperous class in Mezraa Höyük along with some social changes that begun in the region

Keywords

Early Bronze Age, Anatolia, Syria, Euphrates, Seal, Pottery

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