NEW FACTS ON THE SPREAD OF UBAID CULTURE IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS

Year 2024, Issue: 35, 35 - 50, 30.12.2024

Veli Bahshaliyev , Nezahat Ceylan Elmar Bahşaliyev Heyran Hasanova Ziniyet Memmedova

https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.1568146

Abstract

Bülövkaya settlement is located near the Göynük village of Babek district, on the left banks of a mountain river, at an altitude of 1430 m above sea level. During the research carried out in the settlement in 2024 found new archaeological materials, especially a lots of painted pottery, allow a clear interpretation and re-evaluation of the relationship between Mesopotamian and Southern Caucasian cultures. Researches of the Bülövkaya settlement shows that in the first half of the 5th millennium BC, economic and cultural relationships between Mesopotamia and Nakhchivan expanded and Ubaid tribes moved north and settled in Nakhchivan. Research on the settlement allows us to say that the tribes who settled here were engaged in nomadic animal husbandry and used mainly Zengezur obsidian. The movement of Ubaid tribes towards Nakhchivan was related to the rich raw material deposits of the Southern Caucasus, especially obsidian and copper deposits, as well as abundant pastures. The presence of pottery specific to the Urmia Basin among the Bülövkaya pottery shows that this culture also has connections with local cultures.

Keywords

Southern Caucasus,, Nakhchivan,, Mesopotamia,, Ubaid Culture,, Urmia Basin,, Painted Pottery

Project Number

AMEA NB 2024

UBEYD KÜLTÜRÜ’NÜN GÜNEY KAFKASYA’YA YAYILIMI İLE İLİŞKİLİ YENİ VERİLER

Abstract

Bülövkaya yerleşimi Babek ilçesinin Göynük köyü civarında, deniz seviyesinden 1430 m yükseklikte, Sarısu nehrinin sol kıyısında yer almaktadır. Yerleşimde 2024 yılında yapılan araştırmalar sırasında ortaya çıkarılan yeni arkeolojik buluntular, çok sayıda boyalı çanak çömlek, Mezopotamya ve Güney Kafkasya kültürleri arasındaki ilişkinin net bir şekilde yorumlanmasına ve yeniden değerlendirilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bülövkaya yerleşiminin araştırılması MÖ 5. binyılın ilk yarısında Mezopotamya ile Nahçıvan arasındaki ekonomik ve kültürel ilişkilerin genişlediğini, Ubeyd kabilelerinin kuzeye doğru hareket ederek Nahçıvan’a yerleştiğini göstermektedir. Yapılan araştırılmalar burada yerleşen kabilelerin göçebe hayvancılıkla uğraştıklarını, ağırlıklı olarak Zengezur obsidiyeni kullandıklarını söylemek için olanak sağlamaktadır. Ubeyd kabilelerinin Nahçıvan’a doğru hareketi Güney Kafkasya’nın zengin hammadde, özellikle obsidiyen, bakır kaynakları ve bol otlaklarla ilişkiliydi. Bülövkaya çanak çömleği arasında Urmiye Havzası’na özgü çanak çömleğin bulunması bu kültürün yerel kültürlerle etkileşimde olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Güney Kafkasya,, Nahçıvan,, Mezopotamya,, Ubeyd Kültürü,, Urmiye Havzası,, Boyalı Çanak Çömlek

Ethical Statement

Mekalale yeni kazılara dayanılarak yazılmış ve hiç bir yerde yayınlanmamıştır

Supporting Institution

Azerbaycan Milli Bilimler Akademisi

Project Number

AMEA NB 2024

Thanks

Emeği geçen her kese, özellikle analizleri yapan her kes teşekkür ederim

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