TÜBA-KED Journal is a periodical international refereed journal of the Turkish Academy of Sciences. Articles written in Turkish and English can be published in the journal. The number of pages of articles to be published in TÜBA-KED should not exceed 25 pages, including text and images. However, the editorial board or advisory board may express an opinion on the page limit, provided that the quality of the work is not lost.

Similarity reports of all articles submitted to TÜBA-KED are created with the iThenticate program and can be taken into the referee process after being evaluated by the relevant committees in terms of publication ethics and plagiarism.

1. Submission Policy

• Originality principle: Submissions to the journal must not have been previously published elsewhere or submitted to another publication at the same time. The fundamental criteria for publication are that submitted articles must be methodologically sound, original to the field, and make new contributions.
  
• Commitment to ethical conduct: Articles submitted to the journal are subject to the same review process as other articles to ensure fairness, transparency, and high publishing standards. When using works obtained from museums or institutions that require permission, the source must be cited and if necessary, permission letters must be shared.
  
• Double-blind peer review: Article evaluation processes are conducted based on the principles of impartiality, confidentiality, and adherence to COPE principles. Authors do not know the identities of the reviewers. Reviewers also do not know the authors of the work they are evaluating. Information about the working principles and responsibilities of reviewers in the article evaluation process can be found on the Reviewer Guide page.

The suitability of articles submitted to the journal in terms of the journal's purpose and scope, ethical principles, publication policies, and writing rules forms the basis for preliminary evaluation.

2. Application Files

Applications to the journal are only accepted through Dergipark. The following files must be uploaded to the Dergipark page as separate files:

• Letter of Application
  
• Title Page
  
• Abstract and Keywords
  
• Main Text
  
• Reference Imprint
  
• Tables, Figures and Images
  
• Appendices 
  
• Full paper file
  
• Copyright Policy Form, Author Contribution Statement and Declaration on the Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Programs

• Where necessary, authors must upload work/museum permission letters approved by the relevant authorities as additional files.

Articles submitted to the journal may be in the form of research articles, compilations, book reviews, reports, interviews, or translations. There is a word limit of 4000-8000 words for research articles and compilations, and 1500-3000 words for other types of publications.

3. Format of the Article

Form of the Document: The documents to be submitted should be Word documents with (.doc or .docx) extension. Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with the descriptions in the headings below:

1. Letter of Application
In the letter addressed to the Editorial Board, it should be clearly stated that the study has not been published before, is not in the evaluation process elsewhere, is an original work, and has been prepared in accordance with scientific norms and ethical rules, and should be signed by the author(s).

2. Title Page
The title page should be prepared to be uploaded to the system as a separate file, and information such as the author's name and institutional identity should not be mentioned directly or indirectly on any page other than the title page.

• • Title of the article (Italicized)
  • Full name(s), title(s) and ORCID code(s) of the author(s) (www.orcid.org)
    
  • The name and city of the institution where the study was conducted or to which the author(s) are affiliated (indicating authors from different departments or institutions) (Turkish and English)
    
  • Author's name, contact address, telephone and e-mail address for correspondence
    
  • Name, project number and date of the fund or organization supporting the study, if any
    
  • If the study has been previously presented at a congress or similar scientific meeting (provided that only the abstract has been published), an explanation (in Turkish and English)
    
  • Declaration of compliance with the Personal Data Protection Law and copyright regulations applicable to intellectual and artistic works
    
  • Declaration of conflict of interest
    
  • Declaration of whether Ethics Committee approval and/or legal/special permission is required for the study in research-grade articles
  • If necessary, information regarding ethical committee approval and legal permission should be included. You can find out which studies require ethical committee approval on the journal's Ethics Principles and Publication Policy page.

3. Abstract Page
The abstract should provide a brief overview of the study's subject, the reason for conducting the research, the primary objective of the research, what it aims to address, and its contribution to the literature, as well as the methods and approaches used in the research. The abstract should include the primary findings and results of the research, the implications of these results, and recommendations for future research or applications. The abstract should be written in a single paragraph, between 150 and 250 words, using concise and clear language. At least 3 and at most 5 keywords should be provided at the end of the abstract. For Turkish articles, an English abstract and keywords should also be added after the article abstract.

4. Main Text
The following standards should be followed for the article text to be prepared:

Font to be used in the text	Times New Roman
Font size to be used in the main text	11 point
Font size to be used in the figure titles	9 point
Font size to be used in the footnotes section	9 point
Page size and margins	On a Din A4 size page, 2.5 cm margins on the left, 2 cm on the right, 2 cm on the top and 2 cm on the bottom
Line spacing	Single
Paragraph spacing	0.6 nk
Paragraph head	The entire text is written as in left alignment, the right side is left open
Headings in the text	1st level headings: TIMES NEW ROMAN, 12 PT, BOLD/BOLD, CAPITALS/CAPITAL LETTERS. 2nd level headings: TIMES NEW ROMAN, 12 PT, THIN/NORMAL, CAPITALS/CAPITAL LETTERS. 3rd level headings: Times New Roman, 12-point font, thin/normal, lower case, only the first letters of the words are capitalized. 4th level headings: At the beginning of a paragraph. Times New Roman, 12 font size, thin/normal, lower case, italicized/italicized.

5. Reference Imprint
In reference citations, the following arrangement scheme is applied in order to comply with the in-text display technique and to access the source more easily. The author's name and date of publication should appear on the first line, and (respectively) the name of the publication, the place of publication (book, gift, journal, etc., with volume and issue information, if any), the place of publication, the publishing house (if any) and the page information should appear on the second line. Please refer to the published issues of the journal for sample applications.

6. Tables, Figures and Images
All visual materials such as tables, figures, and photographs included in the text should be sent in a separate file in the order in which they appear in the text. It is mandatory to provide the sources of all images included in the text and to indicate them in the bibliography. Obtaining permission for use is the responsibility of the author(s). Permission to use images that do not belong to the authors must be stated by the author when the article is accepted for publication. The main text of the scientific study and all tables and images included in the study must be related to each other, and no images or documents that do not contribute to the text should be included. The text should be supported by visual references within the text.

The main text of the scientific study and all tables and visuals within the scope of the study should be related, visuals or documents that do not contribute to the text should not be included, and the text should be supported by visual references in the text.

All visual materials (photographs, figures, plates, etc.) related to scientific studies will be evaluated in the relevant field in the text (among them). However, in line with the author's suggestion, it is also possible to evaluate the visuals at the end of the text. In this case, the visuals are included in the visuals section. This section is the last section of the scientific work following the main text, notes, bibliography and appendices (inventory list and charts longer than 1 A4 page, etc.).

All images are numbered consecutively, starting from one and continuing. The photograph, figure or plate number should be listed within itself and should not be confused with other images. If a group of photographs is to be used in a plate, the photographs in the plate should be numbered independently starting from 1 or A, and any image in the plate should be referenced in the text when necessary (Ex: Figure 1, Foto. 5)

Image titles are written aligned to the left above the image. The first letter of each word in the title -except conjunctions- is capitalized. If a reference is to be given, it is given in accordance with in-text citation. Authors are not required to cite sources for images that belong to them, but they must cite sources for images that do not belong to them. Internet sources are also cited in the text according to APA 7 and listed in the references. Sources must be cited for images of works obtained from museums or institutions that require permission. Sample title writing is as follows:

Visuals by the author
Figure 2
Ankara Ethnography Museum Backyard

Visuals taken from a website
Figure 10
Kuzuluk from a 1935 Photograph of Zelve (Library of Congress, 1935)

Visuals of objects subject to permission from institutions such as museums etc.
Figure 7
Grave Stele of Demetrios and His Wife Aeliane (With permission from Amasra Museum)

7. Full paper file
All content including title (in Turkish and English), abstracts and keywords (in Turkish and English), main text, all images, bibliography and appendices should be uploaded to the system in a single file.

4. In-text Source Usage and Reference List

In-text citations and the reference list must be in the language of the full text and comply with the citation rules and principles of that language. The journal uses in-text citation management in accordance with the APA 7th Edition citation system.

In-text Source Usage
In-text citations should be in the language of the full text and in accordance with the referencing procedures and principles of that language. TÜBA-KED uses in-text citation management in accordance with the APA 7th version citation system. Accordingly, the citation should be given only to the publication or to the page or pages in the publication, at the end of the relevant line or paragraph, before the period and in parentheses. The footnote citation system should not be used, but in cases requiring explanation, additional explanation can be given at the bottom of the relevant page in the classical footnote layout by giving a footnote number in the text. The source information of the annotated footnote should be given at the end of the footnote in accordance with the in-text citation technique.

1. In-text citation:
In-text citations are given where necessary (between lines, at the end of a sentence or at the end of a paragraph) with the surname, year of publication and page number, if any, in parentheses. For example: (Kafadar, 2017, p. 101). If the source has two authors, a comma is placed between the surnames. If the pages are consecutive pages, a hyphen (18-25) should be placed between them; if they are not consecutive pages, a comma (3,6,45) should be placed between them. In English texts, if there are two authors, an & sign is added between the surnames; if there are more than two authors, “et al.” is added in English texts. Ex: (Duralı et al., 2020). In cases where the author is given at the beginning of the sentence, the surname of the author is written first, followed by the year of the cited work in parentheses. At the end of the sentence or paragraph, the page number/interval is shown in parentheses. Ex: Genç (1998) underlined it as follows; “...” (p. 199).

2. Display of Direct Quotations:
Quotations of less than 40 words are indicated with quotation marks in the text and written in normal writing style. Direct quotations of 40 or more words should be written as a block from the bottom line and indented from the left, right aligned, in normal writing style and in normal text spacing. Quotation marks are not used in such long quotations. Unlike other citations, a full stop is placed after the quotation paragraph and then the in-text citation is shown.

3. Tables and Figures:
A table shows numerical values (e.g. means and standard deviations) and/or textual information (e.g. responses from participants), usually organized in columns and rows. A figure can be a chart, graph, photograph, drawing, plot, infographic or other non-tabular image.
The Table heading is placed above the table and aligned to the left, preceded by the Table in bold, with a sequence number. Below this, the title of the table is italicized with the first letter of each word capitalized, except for conjunctions. After the title, a slash sign should be placed and the English version of the title should also be italicized. If an explanation is desired, a Note is written under the table in italics, left aligned, a full stop is placed at the end and an explanation is given. The same spelling is used for Figure.

References

The sources of the references given in the text are added to the bibliography section at the end of the article in alphabetical order in accordance with APA 7 version.

All sources used and cited during the study (except classical texts and personal interviews) are added to the References section. Works that are not cited are not included in the references. References should be listed alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors. If an author has more than one publication, they are listed according to the date of publication. If there is more than one work published in the same year, they should be indicated as (1995a, 1995b). Quotation marks and bold font style are not used in the bibliography.

If the original dates of classical works are known, they are indicated at the end of the reference as follows: (The original work is dated 1846).

If the cited source has a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number, this number is added at the end with the source information.

Sample References:
If you have created your citations using programs such as Microsoft Word, Endnote, Zotero, etc., the system will automatically create references in APA format. However, make sure that the source information coming to the citation program is correct, otherwise it will appear incorrectly in the references. In other cases, sample references are summarized below.

1. Single Authored Book
Book titles should only be capitalized with the first letter and the first letter of the word following the punctuation mark, and other words should be lowercase and italicized. When writing the publishing house, the first letter of all words should be capitalized and no location information should be given.
Surname, First Letter of the Name (year). Book title. Publishing House.
Eyüce, A. (2005). Geleneksel yapılar ve mekanlar. Birsen Yayınevi.

2. Multi-author Book
When references with two authors are written in the bibliography, the "&" symbol is added between them. According to APA 7 citation system, information of all authors up to 20 authors should be given in the bibliography of multi-authored books. If there are more than 20 authors, the first 19 authors are written by placing a comma between them, and after the 19th author, the 20th author is added by placing a comma and an ellipsis and the symbol "&". This system is similar for articles, symposiums, reports, etc.
Surname, First Letter of the Name, Surname, First Letter of the Name, ... & Surname, First Letter of the Name (2015). Book title. Publisher.
Piaget, J., & Inhelder, B. (1956). The child conception of space. Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Ljungqvist, F.C., Seim, A., Tegel, W., Krusic, P.J., Baittinger, C., Belingard, C., Bernabei, M., Bonde, N., Borghaerts, P., Couturier, Y., Crone, A., van Daalen, S., Daly, A., Doeve, P., Domínguez-Delmas, M., Edouard, J.-L., Frank, T., Ginzler, C., Grabner, M., … & Büntgen, U. (2022). Regional patterns of late medieval and early modern European building activity revealed by felling dates. Frontier in Ecology and Evolution, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.825751

3. Edited Book
In addition to the above spelling style, for editors, after the surname and first name, (Ed.) is added after (Ed.) if there is a single editor, and (Eds.) is added if there are multiple editors.
Sezgin, F., Genç, M., & Heper, M. (Eds.). (2017). Book title. Publisher.

4. Chapter in a Book
References cited from a chapter within a book are first given in the bibliography, followed by the chapter information (chapter author, year, chapter title) and then the book information (editor, book title). The book title is italicized. Here, the names of the editors are listed in the order of the first letter of the first name, last name. After the title, the edition and the page range of the chapter are written in parentheses. In English articles, the conjunction “In” is written before the book information and the page range is given after pp. Lastly, the publisher and DOI/URL information, if any, are added.
Doğan, M., (2019). Book Title. Editor Information. (Ed.), Chapter name (p. Page range). Publication House.
Özhanlı, M., & Güngör, T. (2014). Mortars of Pisidia Antioch. In B. Duman, E. Konakçı & C. Şimşek (Eds.), A gift to Mustafa Büyükkolancı'ya/Essay in honour of Mustafa Büyükkolancı (pp. 505-513). Ege Publications.

5. Translated Works
It is written in the same way as books are written in the bibliography, but the translator information is given in parentheses after the work.
Sezgin, F. (1982). Name of the work (Name, Surname, Transl.). Publisher.
Horvath, B. (1996). Anatolia 1913 (T. Demirkan, Transl.) Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı.

6. Journal Article
Sezgin, F., Genç, M., & Heper, M., (2003). Article Title. Journal Name, Volume (Issue), page range.
Dörtlük, K. (1988). İlk Keraitai Yazıtı. Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi, 27, 68-71.

7. Official Publication or Press Release
Name of the Institution Printing the Official Publication. (Year). Name of the report (Publication no.). Publisher.
Radt, W. (1990). Report on the Pergamon 1988 Campaign / Zusammenfassender Bericht über dir Kampagne 1988 von Wolfgang Radt. XI. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, II, 135-154.

8. Theses
Theses are shown differently in the references depending on whether they have been published or not:
Author's surname, first letter of first name. (Year). Title of the thesis [Unpublished Master's Thesis / Doctoral Thesis], Name of the University. Published database / Internet address.
Author's surname, first letter of first name. (Year). Title of the thesis [Published Master's Thesis / Doctoral Thesis, Name of the University]. Published database / Internet address.
Armağan, M. E. (2010). Kuşadası Kadıkalesi’ndeki Bizans dönemi taş eserleri [Unpublished Master's Thesis] Ege University.

9. Internet Resources
Website name (Date or n. d. if no date). Title, Access Date: see link, if it works, you can assign today's date)
Institution/Organization. (Year, month). Page title: Subheading link address

Special Examples:

9.1. Sources from news websites
Parenthetical citations: Toner (2020)
References: Toner, K. (2020, September 24). When Covid-19 hit, he turned his newspaper route into a lifeline for senior citizens. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/04/us/coronavirus-newspaper-deliveryman-groceries-senior-citizens-cnnheroes-trnd/index.html

9.2. Columns on websites
Parenthetical citations: (Owens, 2020)
References: Owens, L. (2020, October 7). I propose a bicycle race between Biden and Trump [Comment on the webpage Here’s what voters make of President Trump’s COVID-19 diagnosis]. HuffPost. https://www.spot.im/s/00QeiyApEIFa

9.3. Sources taken from a page of a public institution
Parenthetical citations: (National Institute of Mental Health, 2018)
References: National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety disorders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml

9.4. Sources taken from the pages of civil society organizations
Parenthetical citations: (World Health Organization, 2018)
References: World Health Organization. (2018, May 24). The top 10 causes of death. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death

9.5. Sources on web pages whose author(s) are specific person(s)
Parenthetical citations: (Horovitz, 2021)
References: Horovitz, B. (2021, October 19). Are you ready to move your aging parent into your home? AARP. https://www.aarp.org/caregiving/home-care/info-2021/caregiving-questions.html 

9.6. Sources taken from a page with an access date
Parenthetical citations: (U.S. Census Bureau, n.d.)
References: U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. and world population clock. U.S. Department of Commerce. https://www.census.gov/popclock/ 

9.7. Newspaper article with author
Author's last name, first initial (date). Title of Newspaper. Link address

9.8. Newspaper article without author
Title of article: Subtitle. (date). Title of Newspaper. Link adress 

10. Scientific Meeting and Symposium
Author's surname, first letter of first name (Year, Day, Month). Name of the oral presentation [Oral Presentation]. Name of the Scientific Meeting, City where the meeting took place, Country.

11. Dictionary
Author's surname, first letter of first name. (Year). Article. In Dictionary (Edition, page).

12. Sources taken from a Social Media Website
Page name / User's surname, First Letter of the Name [@username]. (date). Title of post. [Image attached] [Post]. Social Media Website. Link address

5. Publication Process

Accepted articles are taken into the design process, and only minor corrections can be made at this stage. For texts found to be in violation of writing rules, authors may only be asked to make corrections related to APA 7 compliance.

6. Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) 

Detailed information on comprehensive principles and responsibilities regarding the use of artificial intelligence for authors, editors, and reviewers can be found on the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy page.