The Genes Involved in Vernalization in Arabidopsis

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 21 - 29, 09.06.2023

Merve Balaban , Ahmet Fıratoğlu Sedriye Çatkın

Abstract

Winter plants can bloom only after prolonged exposure to cold. This phenomenon is known as vernalization. Vernalization has been extensively studied in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and monocots. Thanks to the vernalization event, flower activator genes are suppressed and flowering is prevented in winter. Flowering Locus C (FLC) is the key suppressor in vernalization in A. thaliana. It is also reported that FLC homologs play an important role in the vernalization response in monocot plants. The presence of FLC homologs in monocots allows comparing the vernalization pathways of monocot and dicot plants. In this mini-review, information on the functions of some genes involved in the vernalization-driven flowering mechanism on the Arabidopsis sp. plant has been compiled. In this way, a better understanding of cold-driven flowering on the model plant may guide different plant breeding strategies to change the vernalization needs of economically important temperate plants.

Keywords

A. thaliana, vernalizasyon, çiçeklenme, FLC, FRI

Arabidopsis’te Vernalizasyon Olgusunda Yer Alan Bazı Genler

Abstract

Kışlık bitkiler ancak uzun süreli soğuğa maruz kaldıktan sonra çiçek açabilmektedir. Bu olay vernalizasyon olarak bilinmektedir. Vernalizasyon Arabidopsis thaliana model bitkisinde ve monokotillerde geniş çapta incelenmiştir. Vernalizasyon olayı sayesinde çiçek aktivatör genleri baskılanmakta ve kışın çiçeklenme önlenmektedir. Arabidopsis'teki vernalizasyonda Flowering Locus C (FLC) anahtar roldeki baskılayıcıdır. Aynı zamanda FLC homologlarının da monokotil bitkilerde vernalizasyon tepkisinde önemli rol oynadığı bildirilmektedir. Monokotillerde FLC homologlarının varlığı, monokotil ve dikotil bitkilerin vernalizasyon yollarını kıyaslayabilmeye olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu mini derlemede, Arabidopsis bitkisi üzerinde vernalizasyon güdümlü çiçeklenme mekanizmasında rol alan bazı genlerin fonksiyonlarıyla ilgili bilgiler sunulmuştur. Bu sayede soğuk güdümlü çiçeklenmenin Arabidopsis model bitkisi üzerinde daha iyi anlaşılması, ekonomik açıdan önemli bitkilerin vernalizasyon ihtiyaçlarına yönelik ıslah stratejilerinde yol gösterici olacaktır.

Keywords

A. thaliana, vernalizasyon, çiçeklenme, FLC, FRI

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