Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastalarda Tedaviye Uyumun Komplikasyon Riski Algısı ve Metabolik Kontrol Üzerindeki Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda tedaviye uyumun komplikasyonlara ilişkin risk algısı ve metabolik kontrole etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırmanın örneklemini Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde Ekim 2023-Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında Endokrin Servisinde yatarak tedavi gören, çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü, 18 yaş ve üstü 206 tip 2 diyabetli hasta oluşturmuştur. Çalışma verilerinin toplanmasında hastaların tanıtıcı özelliklerini içeren "Hasta Tanıtım Formu", "Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus Tedavisine Hasta Uyum Ölçeği", "Komplikasyonlara İlişkin Risk Algısı Ölçeği" ve "Metabolik Değerler Kontrol Formu" kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirmede tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Korelasyon istatistik analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada hastaların tedaviye uyum düzeyinin orta (79,86±11,46), komplikasyonlara yönelik risk algısı düzeyinin yüksek (2,94±0.25), komplikasyonlara yönelik algılanan risk düzeyinin orta (2.09±0,42) düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus Tedavisine Hasta Uyum Ölçeği ile bileşik risk algısı arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülmüştür (p< 0.05). Tedaviye uyum ile bazı metabolik değişkenler arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülmüştür (p< 0.05). Tedaviye uyum düzeyinin risk bilgisi, kişisel hastalık riski algısı ve açlık kan şekeri düzeyi ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur (F = 3.765, p = 0.000). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, tip 2 diyabetli bireylerde tedaviye uyum düzeyinin; risk algısı bileşenlerinden risk bilgisi ve kişisel hastalık riski ile birlikte açlık kan şekeri düzeyini anlamlı şekilde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Buna karşın diğer risk algısı boyutları ve metabolik değişkenlerin çoğunun tedaviye uyum üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi saptanmamıştır. Bu bulgular, bireylerin hastalıkla ilgili bilgi ve risk algılarının, tedaviye uyum davranışlarını etkileyen önemli faktörler olduğunu göstermektedir

Keywords

• Metabolik kontrol
• Risk algısı
• Tedaviye uyum
• Tip 2 diyabet

The Effect of Treatment Adherence on Risk Perception of Complications and Metabolic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of treatment compliance on risk perception of complications and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 206 type 2 diabetic patients aged 18 years and older who were hospitalized October 2023 and March 2024 and who volunteered to participate in the study. In the collection of the study data, the ''Patient Introduction Form'', which includes the descriptive characteristics of the patients, ''Patient Compliance Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment'', ''Risk Perception Scale for Complications'' and ''Metabolic Values Control Form'' were used. Descriptive statistics and correlation statistical analysis methods were used in the evaluation. Results: In the study, it was determined that the level of compliance to treatment was moderate (79.86±11.46), the level of risk perception towards complications was high (2.94±0.25), and the level of perceived risk towards complications was moderate (2.09±0.42). There was a significant negative correlation between the Patient Compliance Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment and composite risk perception (p <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between compliance to treatment and some metabolic variables (p< 0.05). Treatment compliance level was found to be significantly associated with risk knowledge, personal perception of disease risk and fasting blood glucose level (F = 3.765, p <0.001). Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the level of compliance to treatment significantly predicted fasting blood glucose level in individuals with type 2 diabetes along with risk knowledge and personal disease risk among risk perception components. However, other risk perception dimensions and most of the metabolic variables had no significant effect on treatment compliance. These findings suggest that individuals' disease knowledge and risk perceptions are important factors affecting their treatment compliance behaviors

Keywords

• Metabolic control
• Risk perception
• Treatment compliance
• Type 2 diabetes

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