Evaluation of the Effect of the COVID -19 ‘Lockdown Process’ on the Clinical and Metabolic Parameters of Obese Patients: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: The COVID-19 "lockdown process" can cause weight gain due to sedentary lifestyle, dietary and sleep disturbances. In this study, we aimed to determine clinical and metabolic effects of weight change in obese patients caused by the quarantine. Methods: This study included 44 patients with a BMI of 30 kg/m2. In the study, patients’ pre-quarantine metabolic parameters were obtained from hospital records. The metabolic parameters of the patients were measured again after quarantine. Patients were questioned about weight tracking, eating habits, exercise, and the need for hospital admission during quarantine. Findings: Of the patients (n=44), 72.7% were women and mean age was 39.89±13.92 (18.00-61.00) years. The BMI of patients was 36 (30.70-46.00) kg/m² and 27.3% (n=12) of patients were morbidly obese. During the quarantine, patients' weight (p<0.001) and BMI (p<0.001) increased. Patients' dietary compliance changed from 27.3% to 13.6% (p:0.109) and home exercise from 29.5% to 31.8% (p: 0.999). 68.2% of patients tracked weight and 52.3% experienced increased appetite. Obese patients tracked their weight significantly more often than morbidly obese patients (p=0.027). Weight gain wasn’t associated with dietary compliance (p:0.609) and exercise (p:0.633). A significant increase in patients’ glucose, insulin, HOMA- IR and cholesterol (p<0.001 for each) was observed. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that the COVID -19 “Lockdown Process" increased BMI in obese patients regardless of diet and exercise. Consequently, a significant worsening was observed in obese patients' insulin resistance and lipid parameters. Active follow-up strategies for obese patients in possible quarantines can prevent the negative consequences.

Keywords

• COVİD-19
• obesity
• quarantine

COVID-19 ‘Evde Kal’ Sürecinin Obez Hastalarının Klinik ve Metabolik Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Tek Merkez Kesitsel Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: COVİD-19’un ‘Evde Kal’ süreci obezite hastalarında hareketsiz bir yaşama, beslenme ve uyku bozukluğuna bağlı olarak kilo artışına neden olabilir.Biz bu çalışmada; karantina sürecinin obezite hastalarında oluşturduğu kilo değişiminin klinik ve metabolik etkilerini tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Metod: Bu çalışmaya kliniğinimize ayaktan başvuran VKİ ≥30 kg/m2 olan 44 hasta dâhil edildi. Çalışmada karantina öncesi tarafımızca takip edilen hastaların metabolik parametreleri kayıtlı dosyalardan elde edildi. Bu hastaların karantina sonrası polikliniğimize ilk başvuruları sırasındaki metabolik parametreleri tekrar ölçüldü. Ayrıca hastaların karantina sürecinde ki kilo takibi ,beslenme alışkanlıkları, fiziksel aktiviteleri yüz yüze sorgulandı . Bulgular: Hastaların (n=44) %72,7 ’si kadın , %27,3’ü erkeklerden oluşmaktaydı. Hastaların ortalama vücut kütle indeksleri (VKİ) 36 (30,70-46,00) kg/m² olup hastaların %27,3’ü (n=12)’ü morbid obezdi. Karantina sürecinde hastaların kilo (p<0,001) ve VKİ (p<0,001)’inde artış olduğu görüldü. Hastaların diyet uyumunun %27,3’den %13,6 (p:0,109)’a düştüğü, ev içi egzersiz durumunun ise %29,5 iken %31,8 (p:0.999) olduğu ayrıca %68,2’sinin kilo takibi yaptığı, %52,3’ünün iştah artışı yaşadığı tespit edildi. Obez hastaların morbid obezlere kıyasla anlamlı şekilde daha fazla kilo takibi yaptıkları görüldü (p=0,027). Hastaların kilo artışı diyet uyumu (p:0,609) ve egzersiz (p:0,633) ile ilişkili değildi. Karantina sürecinde hastaların glukoz (p:0,001), insülin (p<0,001), homa-IR (p<0,001) ve kolesterol (p<0,001) değerlerinde artış görüldü. Sonuç : Bu çalışmada ‘Evde Kal Süreci’nin obez hastaların beslenme alışkanlığı ve egzersiz durumlarından bağımsız olarak VKİ’inde artış olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla ilişkili olarak obez hastaların insülin direnci ve lipid parametrelerinde belirgin bozulma gözlenmiştir. Bundan sonra olası karantina süreçlerinde obez hastalar için daha aktif takip stratejilerinin planlanması ; bu süreçte hastaların yaşadığı olumsuz sonuçların önüne geçebilir.

Keywords

• COVİD-19
• OBEZİTE
• KARANTİNA

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