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An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 102 - 104, 01.08.2017

Abstract

Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a clinical syndrome developing in association with thiamine deficiency, characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and acute confusion with a severe risk of mortality. A 22-year-old woman presented to the emergency department due to numbness in the hands and feet and imbalance for the previous week. The patient had undergone sleeve gastrectomy 6 months previously and lost 40 kg after surgery. Severe vomiting was present. At neurological examination, the patient was apathetic, her speech was mildly dysarthric, bilateral horizontal gaze nystagmus was present, muscle strength in all four extremities was 3-4/5 and deep tendon reflexes were hypoactive. On the basis of these findings, a preliminary diagnosis of acute polyneuropathy Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) was considered, and lumbar puncture was performed. Cerebrospinal pressure and biochemistry were normal, and no cells were observed. Electromyography was performed and multifocal axonal sensorymotor polyneuropathy was detected. Spinal and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also normal. Since WE was considered at differential diagnosis in this patient with a history of sleeve gastrectomy 6 months previously, thiamine levels were requested. MFS was first suspected, and since WernickeKorsakoff syndrome (WKS) could not be excluded, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and thiamine infusion was started 3x500 mg for the first 2 days and 1x500 mg for the next 5 days. The nystagmus began to improve rapidly from the second day following thiamine infusion. At neurological examination in the following days, mild dysarthria and tetraparesis at 3-4/5 were determined. The patient’s previously investigated thiamine level was 17.7 ug/l , and WE was diagnosed. Given the prevalence of obesity surgery in recent years, we are reporting this case of thiamine deficiency-related WE and axonal polyneuropathy in order to emphasize the need for patients to be closely monitored in the postoperative period

Bariatrik Cerrahi Sonrası Gözardı Edilen Antite: Wernicke Ensefalopatisi

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 102 - 104, 01.08.2017

Abstract

Tiamin eksikliğine bağlı gelişen ve klinik olarak oftalmopleji, ataksi ve akut konfüzyonla karakterize bir klinik sendrom olan Wernicke enefalopatisinde ciddi mortalite riski bulunmaktadır. 22 yaşında kadın hasta acil servise bir haftadır olan el ve ayaklarda uyuşma ve dengesizlik şikayeti ile başvurdu. Altı ay önce sleeve gastrektomi uygulanan hasta cerrahi sonrası 40kg kilo kaybetmişti. Şiddetli kusması olan hastanın nörolojik muayenede bilinç açık ancak apatik, konuşma hafif dizartrik, gözlerde bilateral horizontal bakışta bakış yönüne olan nistagmus, belirgin gövde ataksisi, dört ekstremitede 3-4/5 kas gücü, derin tendon reflekslerinin hipoaktif saptandı. Bu bulgularla öncelikle akut polinöropati (Miller Fisher varyant) ön tanıda düşünülerek lomber ponksiyon yapıldı. Lomber ponksiyonda BOS basıncı ve biyokimyası normal tespit edildi, hücre izlenmedi. Spinal ve beyin MRI görüntüleri de normal tespit edildi. 6 ay önce sleev gastrektomi öyküsü olan hastada WE ayırıcı tanıda düşünüldüğü için tiamin düzeyi gönderildi. Önce Miller Fisher sendromu düşünülen hastada IVIG tedavisine yanıt alınamaması nedeniyle ve Wernike Korsakof sendromu dışlanamadığından tiamin infüzyon ilk 2 gün 3x500mg, sonraki 5 gün 1x500mg dozdan başlandı. Hastanın tiamin infüzyonunu takip eden 2. günden itibaren nistagmus hızla düzelmeye başladı. İlerleyen günlerde nörolojik muyane; bilinç açık, hafif dizartri ve tetraparezi 3-4/5 olarak tespit edildi. Daha önce gönderdiğimiz tiamin düzeyi 17.7 ug/l (normal değer; 25-75) saptanan hastada WE tanısı konuldu. Son yıllarda obezite cerrahisinin uygulanma sıklığı göz önünde bulundurulduğıunda, Tiamin eksikliğine bağlı hem WE hem de aksonal polinöropati görülen olgumuz, hastaların postoperatif dönemde yakından takip edilmesi gerekliliğine vurgu yapmak açısından bildirilmeye değer bulunmuştur.

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Details

Other ID JA84ES93KN
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Handan Akar This is me

Bilge Piri Cinar This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akar, H., & Cinar, B. P. (2017). An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 1(2), 102-104.
AMA Akar H, Cinar BP. An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy. Turk J Diab Obes. August 2017;1(2):102-104.
Chicago Akar, Handan, and Bilge Piri Cinar. “An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 1, no. 2 (August 2017): 102-4.
EndNote Akar H, Cinar BP (August 1, 2017) An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 1 2 102–104.
IEEE H. Akar and B. P. Cinar, “An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy”, Turk J Diab Obes, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 102–104, 2017.
ISNAD Akar, Handan - Cinar, Bilge Piri. “An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 1/2 (August 2017), 102-104.
JAMA Akar H, Cinar BP. An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy. Turk J Diab Obes. 2017;1:102–104.
MLA Akar, Handan and Bilge Piri Cinar. “An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy”. Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, vol. 1, no. 2, 2017, pp. 102-4.
Vancouver Akar H, Cinar BP. An Entity After Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy. Turk J Diab Obes. 2017;1(2):102-4.

Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity (Turk J Diab Obes) is a scientific publication of Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Obesity and Diabetes Research and Application Center.

This is a refereed journal, which is published in printed and electronic forms. It aims at achieving free knowledge to the related national and international organizations and individuals.

This journal is published annually three times (in April, August and December).

The publication language of the journal is Turkish and English.