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Çevrim İçi Sözlüklerde Çok Sözcüklü İfadelere Erişim: Türk Dil Kurumu Türkçe Sözlüğü Örneği

Year 2025, Issue: 84, 522 - 538, 20.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1637857

Abstract

Bu çalışma, çevrim içi sözlüklerde çok sözcüklü ifadelere erişim olanaklarını değerlendirerek mevcut sistemlerin eksikliklerini tespit etmeyi ve kullanıcı deneyimini iyileştirecek çözüm önerileri sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Günümüzde dijitalleşen sözlükler, hız ve erişim açısından yarar sağlasa da basılı sözlük yapısının bire bir korunması nedeniyle çevrim içi sözlüklerin gücünden tam olarak yararlanılamamaktadır, bu da kullanıcıların çok sözcüklü ifadelere erişimini zorlaştırmakta, arama süreçlerini verimsizleştirmekte ve dijital ortamın sunduğu etkileşimli imkânların devre dışı kalmasına yol açmaktadır. Özellikle çok sözcüklü ifadeler (atasözleri, deyimler, kalıp ifadeler, eş dizimlilikler vb.) yeterince sistematik bir şekilde ele alınmamakta ve arama süreçlerinde çeşitli zorluklar yaşanmaktadır.
Çalışma kapsamında, Türk Dil Kurumu Çevrim İçi Güncel Türkçe Sözlük (TDKGTS) temel alınarak tam eşleşme olanakları, gelişmiş arama seçenekleri ve dış veri kullanımına yönelik çözümlemeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kullanıcıların çok sözcüklü ifadelere daha kolay erişebilmesi için bağlam temelli arama, türe göre filtreleme, otomatik tamamlama, lemmatizasyon ve anlam etiketlemesi gibi dil işleme yöntemlerinin bütünleşmesi önerilmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, elektronik sözlüklerin çapraz bağlantılar, sesli arama, kişiselleştirilmiş öneriler, derlem tabanlı kullanım örnekleri ve etkileşimli öğrenme araçlarıyla desteklenmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
Ayrıca, kullanıcı geri bildirimlerinin daha etkin bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ve veri tabanı bütünleşmelerinin güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Kullanıcı davranışlarını anlamak için log kayıtları, anketler ve odak grup çalışmaları gibi yöntemlerle çözümleme yapılması gerektiği belirtilmektedir. Çevrim içi elektronik sözlüklerin yalnızca madde başı ve tanım sunan araçlar olmaktan çıkarılarak, makine öğrenmesi destekli dinamik sistemlere dönüştürülmesi, hem akademik hem de günlük kullanım açısından önemli bir gelişme sağlayacaktır. Bu doğrultuda çevrim içi sözlüklerin sürekli güncellenen, kullanıcı odaklı ve etkileşimli platformlara evrilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

  • Abel, A., & Meyer, C. M. (2013). The dynamics outside the paper: user contributions to online dictionaries. Proceedings of the eLex 2013 Conference (17–19).
  • Alır, B. (2008). E-Türkiye uygulamaları: Elektronik belge yönetimi ve üst veri (Tez No: 257560). [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. YÖK Tez Merkezi.
  • Aslan, E., & Aslan, Ö. (2015). Eşzamanlı Tarihî Sözlüklerden Elektronik Sözlüklere: Eser-i Şevket Örneği. [Sözlü bildiri] II. Uluslararası Sözlük Bilimi Sempozyumu.
  • Aslan, E. (2017). Sözlükbilimsel inceleme yöntemi: Eser-i Şevket örneği. Electronic Turkish Studies, 12(30).
  • Atkins, S., & Rundell, M. (2008). The Oxford guide to practical lexicography. Oxford.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Tarp, S. (1995). Manual of specialised lexicography: The preparation of specialised dictionaries (Vol. 12). John Benjamins Publishing.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Kaufmann, U. (1997). Terminography and lexicography. A critical survey of dictionaries from a single specialized field. Hermes, 18, 91–125.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Nielsen, S. (2002). Terms in the language of culture-dependent LSP dictionaries. Lexicographica 18, 5-18.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Johnsen, M. (2005). Log files as a tool for improving Internet dictionaries. HERMES-Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 34, 117–141.
  • Bergenholtz, H. (2013). What is a Dictionary?. Lexikos, 22, 20-30. Bothma, T.J.D. (2011). Filtering and adapting data and information in the online environment in response to user needs. P. A. Fuertes-Olivera & H. Bergenholtz (Eds.), (pp. 71–102).
  • Bothma, T. J. (2017). Lexicography and information science. Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera (Eds.) The Routledge Handbook of Lexicography (pp. 197–216). Routledge.
  • Boz, E. (2019). Çevrimiçi genel sözlüklerde tanım. Dilbilim Dergisi, 34(1), 1–15.
  • Burkhanov, I. (1998). Lexicography, A Dictionary of Basic Terminology. Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Rzeszowie in Rzeszow.
  • Dil Derneği (t.y.). Dil Derneği Türkçe sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, https://www.dildernegi.org.tr/TR,274/turkce-sozluk-ara-bul.html DoD 5015.2. (2002). Design criteria standard for electronic records management software application. https://www.dau.edu/cop/DM/documents/dod-50152-std-design-criteria-standard-electronic-records-management-software-applications
  • Durrant, P. (2013). Formulaicity in an agglutinating language: The case of Turkish. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory, 9(1), 1–38.
  • Freihat, A. A., Abbas, M., Bella, G., & Giunchiglia, F. (2018). Towards an optimal solution to lemmatization in Arabic. Procedia Computer Science, 142, 132–140.
  • Hall, P. A., & Dowling, G. R. (1980). Approximate string matching. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 12(4), 381–402.
  • Hartmann, R. R.K. (2001). Teaching and researching lexicography. Pearson Education.
  • Kilgarriff, A., & Grefenstette, G. (2003). Introduction to the special issue on the web as corpus. Computational Linguistics, 29(3), 333-347.
  • Kilgarriff, A., Husák, M., McAdam, K., Rundell, M., & Rychlý, P. (2008). GDEX: Automatically finding good dictionary examples in a corpus. Proceedings of the XIII EURALEX International Congress (Vol. 1), (425–432).
  • Køhler Simonsen, H. (2005). User Involvement in Corporate LSP Intranet Lexicography. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Lexicography, 489–510.
  • Kubbealtı Lugatı. (t.y.). Misalli büyük Türkçe sözlük, Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, http://www.lugatim.com
  • Lew, R. (2011). Online dictionaries of English. P.A. Fuertes-Olivera & H. Bergenholtz (Eds.) e-Lexicography: The Internet, Digital Initiatives and Lexicography (pp. 230-250) London/New York: Continuum.
  • Lew, R. (2012). How can we make electronic dictionaries more effective? Granger, Sylviane and Magali Paquot (Eds.) Electronic Lexicography (pp. 1-19). Oxford University Press.
  • Lewandowski, D. (2005). Web searching, search engines and information retrieval. Information Services & Use, 25(3-4), 137–147.
  • Löfberg, L., Archer, D., Piao, S., Rayson, P., McEnery, T., Varantola, K., & Juntunen, J. P. (2003). Porting an English semantic tagger to the Finnish language. In Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics 2003 conference (pp. 457-464).
  • Ma, Z., Pant, G., & Sheng, O. R. L. (2007). Interest-based personalized search. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), 25(1), 1–38.
  • Micarelli, A., Gasparetti, F., Sciarrone, F., & Gauch, S. (2007). Personalized search on the world wide web. P. Brusilovsky, A. Kobsa & W Nejdi (Eds.). The adaptive web: Methods and strategies of web personalization (pp. 195-230). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Monaco, J. V. (2019). What are you searching for? a remote keylogging attack on search engine autocomplete. In 28th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 19) (959–976).
  • Moon, R. (1998). Fixed expressions and idioms in English. Oxford Clarendon Press.
  • Navarro, G. (2001). A guided tour to approximate string matching. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 33(1), 31–88.
  • Nielsen, S. (2011). Function-and user-related definitions in online dictionaries. In Ivanovskaya leksikograficheskaya shkola: traditsii i innovatsii (pp. 197–219). Ivanovo State University.
  • Oppentocht, L., & Schutz, R. (2006). Developments in electronic dictionary design. In A practical guide to lexicography (pp. 215-227). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ötüken Sözlük (t.y.). Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, http://www.otukensozluk.com/
  • Prószéky, G., & Kis, B. (2002). Development of a context-sensitive electronic dictionary. Proceedings of EURALEX (Vol. 2002), 281–290. Scholfield, P. (1999). Dictionary use in reception. International Journal of Lexicography 12(1) 13–34.
  • Storrer, A. (1998). Hypermedia-Wörterbücher: Perspektiven für eine neue Generation elektronischer Wörterbücher (Vol. 84, pp. 106-131). Niemeyer.
  • Storrer, A. (2017). Hypermedia-Wörterbücher: Perspektiven für eine neue Generation elektronischer Wörterbücher. Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Bibliothek.
  • Svensén, B. (2009). A handbook of lexicography: The theory and practice of dictionary-making. Cambridge University Press.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (t.y.). Güncel Türkçe sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 02.2025, http://www.sozluk.gov.tr
  • Wang, Y. Y., Yu, D., Ju, Y. C., & Acero, A. (2008). An introduction to voice search. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 25(3), 28–38.
  • Ward, D., Hahn, J., & Feist, K. (2012). Autocomplete as research tool: A study on providing search suggestions. Information Technology and Libraries, 31(4), 6–19.
  • Zobel, J., & Dart, P. (1995). Finding approximate matches in large lexicons. Software: Practice and Experience, 25(3), 331–345.

Access to Multi-Word Expressions in Online Dictionaries: The Case of The Türk Dil Kurumu Turkish Dictionary

Year 2025, Issue: 84, 522 - 538, 20.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1637857

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the accessibility of multi-word expressions in online dictionaries, identify existing shortcomings, and propose solutions to enhance user experience. Although digitized dictionaries provide advantages in terms of speed and accessibility, the direct preservation of print dictionary structures prevents online dictionaries from being fully utilized, which in turn hinders users’ access to multi-word expressions, makes search processes inefficient, and limits the use of interactive opportunities offered by digital platforms.In particular, multi-word expressions (proverbs, idioms, set phrases, collocations, etc.) are not systematically organized, leading to various challenges in search processes.
The study focuses on the Turkish Language Association’s Online Current Turkish Dictionary (TDKGTS) and analyzes exact match capabilities, advanced search options, and the use of external data. To facilitate easier access to multi-word expressions, the integration of linguistic processing techniques such as context-based search, part-of-speech filtering, autocomplete, lemmatization, and semantic tagging is recommended. Additionally, it is emphasized that online dictionaries should incorporate features like cross-references, voice search, personalized suggestions, corpus-based usage examples, and interactive learning tools.
Furthermore, it is suggested that user feedback should be more effectively utilized, and database integrations should be strengthened. Methods such as log file analysis, surveys, and focus group studies are proposed to better understand user behavior. Transforming online electronic dictionaries from static repositories of headwords and definitions into machine-learning-powered dynamic systems would be a significant advancement for both academic and everyday use. Consequently, it is concluded that online dictionaries should evolve into continuously updated, user-centered, and interactive platforms.

References

  • Abel, A., & Meyer, C. M. (2013). The dynamics outside the paper: user contributions to online dictionaries. Proceedings of the eLex 2013 Conference (17–19).
  • Alır, B. (2008). E-Türkiye uygulamaları: Elektronik belge yönetimi ve üst veri (Tez No: 257560). [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü]. YÖK Tez Merkezi.
  • Aslan, E., & Aslan, Ö. (2015). Eşzamanlı Tarihî Sözlüklerden Elektronik Sözlüklere: Eser-i Şevket Örneği. [Sözlü bildiri] II. Uluslararası Sözlük Bilimi Sempozyumu.
  • Aslan, E. (2017). Sözlükbilimsel inceleme yöntemi: Eser-i Şevket örneği. Electronic Turkish Studies, 12(30).
  • Atkins, S., & Rundell, M. (2008). The Oxford guide to practical lexicography. Oxford.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Tarp, S. (1995). Manual of specialised lexicography: The preparation of specialised dictionaries (Vol. 12). John Benjamins Publishing.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Kaufmann, U. (1997). Terminography and lexicography. A critical survey of dictionaries from a single specialized field. Hermes, 18, 91–125.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Nielsen, S. (2002). Terms in the language of culture-dependent LSP dictionaries. Lexicographica 18, 5-18.
  • Bergenholtz, H., & Johnsen, M. (2005). Log files as a tool for improving Internet dictionaries. HERMES-Journal of Language and Communication in Business, 34, 117–141.
  • Bergenholtz, H. (2013). What is a Dictionary?. Lexikos, 22, 20-30. Bothma, T.J.D. (2011). Filtering and adapting data and information in the online environment in response to user needs. P. A. Fuertes-Olivera & H. Bergenholtz (Eds.), (pp. 71–102).
  • Bothma, T. J. (2017). Lexicography and information science. Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera (Eds.) The Routledge Handbook of Lexicography (pp. 197–216). Routledge.
  • Boz, E. (2019). Çevrimiçi genel sözlüklerde tanım. Dilbilim Dergisi, 34(1), 1–15.
  • Burkhanov, I. (1998). Lexicography, A Dictionary of Basic Terminology. Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Rzeszowie in Rzeszow.
  • Dil Derneği (t.y.). Dil Derneği Türkçe sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, https://www.dildernegi.org.tr/TR,274/turkce-sozluk-ara-bul.html DoD 5015.2. (2002). Design criteria standard for electronic records management software application. https://www.dau.edu/cop/DM/documents/dod-50152-std-design-criteria-standard-electronic-records-management-software-applications
  • Durrant, P. (2013). Formulaicity in an agglutinating language: The case of Turkish. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory, 9(1), 1–38.
  • Freihat, A. A., Abbas, M., Bella, G., & Giunchiglia, F. (2018). Towards an optimal solution to lemmatization in Arabic. Procedia Computer Science, 142, 132–140.
  • Hall, P. A., & Dowling, G. R. (1980). Approximate string matching. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 12(4), 381–402.
  • Hartmann, R. R.K. (2001). Teaching and researching lexicography. Pearson Education.
  • Kilgarriff, A., & Grefenstette, G. (2003). Introduction to the special issue on the web as corpus. Computational Linguistics, 29(3), 333-347.
  • Kilgarriff, A., Husák, M., McAdam, K., Rundell, M., & Rychlý, P. (2008). GDEX: Automatically finding good dictionary examples in a corpus. Proceedings of the XIII EURALEX International Congress (Vol. 1), (425–432).
  • Køhler Simonsen, H. (2005). User Involvement in Corporate LSP Intranet Lexicography. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Lexicography, 489–510.
  • Kubbealtı Lugatı. (t.y.). Misalli büyük Türkçe sözlük, Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, http://www.lugatim.com
  • Lew, R. (2011). Online dictionaries of English. P.A. Fuertes-Olivera & H. Bergenholtz (Eds.) e-Lexicography: The Internet, Digital Initiatives and Lexicography (pp. 230-250) London/New York: Continuum.
  • Lew, R. (2012). How can we make electronic dictionaries more effective? Granger, Sylviane and Magali Paquot (Eds.) Electronic Lexicography (pp. 1-19). Oxford University Press.
  • Lewandowski, D. (2005). Web searching, search engines and information retrieval. Information Services & Use, 25(3-4), 137–147.
  • Löfberg, L., Archer, D., Piao, S., Rayson, P., McEnery, T., Varantola, K., & Juntunen, J. P. (2003). Porting an English semantic tagger to the Finnish language. In Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics 2003 conference (pp. 457-464).
  • Ma, Z., Pant, G., & Sheng, O. R. L. (2007). Interest-based personalized search. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), 25(1), 1–38.
  • Micarelli, A., Gasparetti, F., Sciarrone, F., & Gauch, S. (2007). Personalized search on the world wide web. P. Brusilovsky, A. Kobsa & W Nejdi (Eds.). The adaptive web: Methods and strategies of web personalization (pp. 195-230). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Monaco, J. V. (2019). What are you searching for? a remote keylogging attack on search engine autocomplete. In 28th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 19) (959–976).
  • Moon, R. (1998). Fixed expressions and idioms in English. Oxford Clarendon Press.
  • Navarro, G. (2001). A guided tour to approximate string matching. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 33(1), 31–88.
  • Nielsen, S. (2011). Function-and user-related definitions in online dictionaries. In Ivanovskaya leksikograficheskaya shkola: traditsii i innovatsii (pp. 197–219). Ivanovo State University.
  • Oppentocht, L., & Schutz, R. (2006). Developments in electronic dictionary design. In A practical guide to lexicography (pp. 215-227). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ötüken Sözlük (t.y.). Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 04.2025, http://www.otukensozluk.com/
  • Prószéky, G., & Kis, B. (2002). Development of a context-sensitive electronic dictionary. Proceedings of EURALEX (Vol. 2002), 281–290. Scholfield, P. (1999). Dictionary use in reception. International Journal of Lexicography 12(1) 13–34.
  • Storrer, A. (1998). Hypermedia-Wörterbücher: Perspektiven für eine neue Generation elektronischer Wörterbücher (Vol. 84, pp. 106-131). Niemeyer.
  • Storrer, A. (2017). Hypermedia-Wörterbücher: Perspektiven für eine neue Generation elektronischer Wörterbücher. Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Bibliothek.
  • Svensén, B. (2009). A handbook of lexicography: The theory and practice of dictionary-making. Cambridge University Press.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (t.y.). Güncel Türkçe sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 02.2025, http://www.sozluk.gov.tr
  • Wang, Y. Y., Yu, D., Ju, Y. C., & Acero, A. (2008). An introduction to voice search. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 25(3), 28–38.
  • Ward, D., Hahn, J., & Feist, K. (2012). Autocomplete as research tool: A study on providing search suggestions. Information Technology and Libraries, 31(4), 6–19.
  • Zobel, J., & Dart, P. (1995). Finding approximate matches in large lexicons. Software: Practice and Experience, 25(3), 331–345.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects New Turkish Language (Turkish of Old Anatolia, Ottoman, Turkiye)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ezgi Aslan 0000-0002-0638-280X

Publication Date September 20, 2025
Submission Date February 11, 2025
Acceptance Date September 1, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 84

Cite

APA Aslan, E. (2025). Çevrim İçi Sözlüklerde Çok Sözcüklü İfadelere Erişim: Türk Dil Kurumu Türkçe Sözlüğü Örneği. Turcology Research(84), 522-538. https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1637857

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