Research Article
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Crisis and Stakeholder Communication in Airline Sector: The Case Study of Turkish Airlines

Year 2022, Issue: 40, 196 - 214, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1051503

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused several sectors to be affected in the aspect of economics and made
way for transformation to be protected from these effects. The civil aviation sector comes first among
these sectors. The aviation industry, which came to a standstill as of March 2020, was leading the sectors
that showed a rapid recovery in the last quarter of 2021. The pandemic has achieved this transformation
by implementing applications that can set an example for many sectors, as it requires communication and
operation capability on a global and national scale. In this direction, the aim of the article is to contribute
to the crisis and stakeholder communication practices in the civil aviation sector by adressing it within the
scope of Istanbul International Airport (IGA) operation of the Turkish Airlines (THY). In the management
of the pandemic process, Turkish Airlines’ crisis communication management approach at Istanbul Airport
was observed through a qualitative field study assuming all predictions, observations, and data used before
the crisis by thinking how the planning of crisis was made.For this purpose, in-depth interviews were
conducted with THY’s stakeholders at Istanbul Airport in August and September 2021 and were discussed
by narrative analysis method. The most important finding of the study is that the first key to overcome a
global crisis that affects everyone with the least damage is to be capable of cooperating with stakeholders
and managing this communication for the common benefit.

References

  • Akça, M. (2020). Covid-19’un havacılık sektörüne etkisi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(5), 45-64.
  • Bakırcı, M. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisinin Türkiye havayolu ulaşımına etkisi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 76(2020), 45-58.
  • Benoit, W. L. (2018). Crisis and image repair at United Airlines: Fly the unfriendly skies. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 1(1), 11-26.
  • Bundy, J., Praffer, M. D., Short, C. E. & Coombs, T. W. (2016). Crisis and crisis management: integration, interpretation and research development. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1661-1692.
  • Canny, I. U. (2016). An application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory on Germanwings Flight 9525 crisis communication. International Communication & Organizational Behaviour E-Journal, 7(3), 1-18.
  • Centre for Crisis and Risk Communication (2021, Haziran). Crisis and coffee with Dr. Timothy Coombs. 19.12.2021 tarihinde https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXCWG1uljvM adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Coombs, T. W. (1995). Choosing the right words: The development of corporate communicative responses to accusations of unethical behaviour. Journal of Business Ethics, 14, 875-892.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2004). Impact of past crisis on current crisis communication. Journal of Business Communication, 4(3), 265-289.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2006a). Attribution theory as a guide for post-crisis communication research. Public Relations Review, 33(2007), 135-139.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2006b). Code red in the boardroom, crisis management as organizational. London: Praeger Publishers.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2007). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing and responding (2. Baskı). U.S.A.: Sage.
  • Coombs, T.W. (2016). Reflections on a meta-analysis: Crystallizing thinking about SCCT. Journal of Public Relations Research, 28(2), 120-122.
  • Coombs, T. W. & Holladay, S. J. (2002). Helping crisis managers project reputational assets: Initial tests of situational crisis communication theory. Journal of Management Communication Quarterly, 16(2), 165- 186.
  • Çınarlı, İ. (2018). Bir kriz iletişimi vaka analizi: Kaybolan Malezya Havayolları MH370 sefer sayılı uçağı. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 38(1), 96 – 115.
  • Dondurucu, Z. & Çetinkaya, A. (2020). Uluslararası havayolu şirketlerinin Covid-19 salgını sürecinde Instagram’da marka iletişimi stratejilerinin analizi. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 325-356.
  • Gafni, N., Moshinsky, A. & Kapitulnik, J. (2003). A standardized open-ended questionnare as a substitute for a personal interview in dental admissions. Journal of Dent Education, 67(3), 348-353.
  • Klooster, J. & Kim, N. I. (2020). Introduction: What is a crisis? Framing versus experience. Jacqueline Klooster & İnger N. Kuin (Ed.) After the crisis, remembrance, re-anchoring and recovery in Ancient Greece and Rome içinde (ss. 3-14). Londra: Bloomsbury Yayıncılık.
  • Köksoy, E. (2021). Dijital çağda markaların kriz iletişimi pandemi etkisi. Social Science Studies Journal, 7(87), 9732 – 3747.
  • Lilleker, D.G. & Stoeckle, T. (2021). The challenges of providing certainty in the face of wicked problems: Analysing the UK goverment’s handling of the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Public Affairs, 21, 1-10.
  • Macit, A. & Macit, D. (2020). Türk sivil havacılık sektöründe Covid-19 pandemisinin yönetimi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(4), 100-116.
  • Mathers, N., Fox, N. & Hunn, A. (1998). Trent focus research and development in primary health care, using interviews in a research project. Trent focus group. 28.06.2020 tarihinde http://web.simmons.edu/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • OECD. (2020) .World data, Covid-19 and aviation industry: Impact and policy responses. 15.06.2021 tarihinde oecd.org/coronavirus adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Ou, J. & Wong, I. A. (2020). Strategic crisis response throughchanging message frames: A case of airline corporations. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(3), 1-15.
  • PRNewswire. (2020). 2020 analysis of airline brands & the COVID-19 pandemic: Benchmarking 66 major airline brands and their responses to COVID-19. 29.06.2020 tarihinde https://www.prnewswire.com/newsreleases/ 2020-analysis-of-airline-brands—the-covid-19-pandemic-benchmarking-66-major-airlinebrands- and-their-responses-to-covid-19-301124491.html adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Scheiwiller, S. & Zizka, L. (2021). Strategic responses by European Airlines to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A soft landing or a tribulent ride?. Journal of Air Transport Management, 95(2), 102103.
  • Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L. & Seeger, M. V. (2019). Effective crisis management. Kaliforniya: Sage Yayınları.
  • UNTWO. (2020). Impact assestment of the Covid-19 outbreak on international tourism. 07.04.2021 tarihinde https://www.unwto.org/impact-assessment-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-international-tourism adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Zemke, A. (2020). Role of strategic communication in crisis management and business continuity. BeehivePR. 05.10.2021 tarihinde https://beehivepr.biz/strategic-communication-in-crisis/adresinden edinilmiştir.

Havayolu Taşımacılığı Sektöründe Kriz ve Paydaş İletişimi: Türk Hava Yolları Örneği

Year 2022, Issue: 40, 196 - 214, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1051503

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemisi birçok sektörün ekonomik açıdan etkilenmesine ve bu etkiden korunmak amacıyla
dönüşmesine yol açmıştır. Bu sektörlerin başında sivil havacılık sektörü gelmektedir. 2020 Mart ayından
itibaren neredeyse durma noktasına gelen havacılık endüstrisi, 2021’in son çeyreğine gelindiğinde hızlı
bir toparlanma gösteren sektörlerin başında yer almıştır. Küresel ve ulusal ölçekte iletişim ve operasyon
yeteneği gerektirmesi nedeniyle bu dönüşümü, birçok sektöre örnek teşkil edebilecek uygulamaları
hayata geçirerek sağlamıştır. Bu doğrultuda makalenin amacı, sivil havacılık sektöründeki kriz ve paydaş
iletişimi uygulamalarını Türk Hava Yolları’nın (THY) İstanbul Uluslararası Havalimanı (IGA) operasyonu
kapsamında kriz ve paydaş yönetimi sürecini, iletişim ve uygulamalar açısından ele alarak katkı sağlamaktır.
Sürecin yönetiminde Türk Hava Yolları’nın; Türkiye’nin dünyaya açılan kapılarından biri olan İstanbul
Havalimanı’ndaki kriz iletişimini nasıl bir yaklaşımla yönettiği, kriz öncesi hangi öngörüler, gözlemler ve
verilerle kriz planlaması yaptığı, kriz iletişimini nasıl uyguladığı ve ortaya çıkan sonuçlar nitel bir saha
araştırması ile gözlemlenmiştir. Bu amaçla 2021 Ağustos ve Eylül aylarında THY’nin İstanbul Havalimanı
ölçeğindeki paydaşları ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler anlatı analiz
yöntemiyle tartışılmıştır. Herkesi etkileyen küresel büyüklükteki bir krizden kurumların en az hasarla çıkmasının ilk anahtarının paydaşlarla işbirliğini sağlayabilecek kurumsal bir iletişim kabiliyetinin olması
ve bu iletişimin ortak faydaya yönelik yönetilmesi gözlenmiştir.

References

  • Akça, M. (2020). Covid-19’un havacılık sektörüne etkisi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(5), 45-64.
  • Bakırcı, M. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisinin Türkiye havayolu ulaşımına etkisi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 76(2020), 45-58.
  • Benoit, W. L. (2018). Crisis and image repair at United Airlines: Fly the unfriendly skies. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 1(1), 11-26.
  • Bundy, J., Praffer, M. D., Short, C. E. & Coombs, T. W. (2016). Crisis and crisis management: integration, interpretation and research development. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1661-1692.
  • Canny, I. U. (2016). An application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory on Germanwings Flight 9525 crisis communication. International Communication & Organizational Behaviour E-Journal, 7(3), 1-18.
  • Centre for Crisis and Risk Communication (2021, Haziran). Crisis and coffee with Dr. Timothy Coombs. 19.12.2021 tarihinde https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXCWG1uljvM adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Coombs, T. W. (1995). Choosing the right words: The development of corporate communicative responses to accusations of unethical behaviour. Journal of Business Ethics, 14, 875-892.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2004). Impact of past crisis on current crisis communication. Journal of Business Communication, 4(3), 265-289.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2006a). Attribution theory as a guide for post-crisis communication research. Public Relations Review, 33(2007), 135-139.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2006b). Code red in the boardroom, crisis management as organizational. London: Praeger Publishers.
  • Coombs, T. W. (2007). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing and responding (2. Baskı). U.S.A.: Sage.
  • Coombs, T.W. (2016). Reflections on a meta-analysis: Crystallizing thinking about SCCT. Journal of Public Relations Research, 28(2), 120-122.
  • Coombs, T. W. & Holladay, S. J. (2002). Helping crisis managers project reputational assets: Initial tests of situational crisis communication theory. Journal of Management Communication Quarterly, 16(2), 165- 186.
  • Çınarlı, İ. (2018). Bir kriz iletişimi vaka analizi: Kaybolan Malezya Havayolları MH370 sefer sayılı uçağı. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 38(1), 96 – 115.
  • Dondurucu, Z. & Çetinkaya, A. (2020). Uluslararası havayolu şirketlerinin Covid-19 salgını sürecinde Instagram’da marka iletişimi stratejilerinin analizi. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 325-356.
  • Gafni, N., Moshinsky, A. & Kapitulnik, J. (2003). A standardized open-ended questionnare as a substitute for a personal interview in dental admissions. Journal of Dent Education, 67(3), 348-353.
  • Klooster, J. & Kim, N. I. (2020). Introduction: What is a crisis? Framing versus experience. Jacqueline Klooster & İnger N. Kuin (Ed.) After the crisis, remembrance, re-anchoring and recovery in Ancient Greece and Rome içinde (ss. 3-14). Londra: Bloomsbury Yayıncılık.
  • Köksoy, E. (2021). Dijital çağda markaların kriz iletişimi pandemi etkisi. Social Science Studies Journal, 7(87), 9732 – 3747.
  • Lilleker, D.G. & Stoeckle, T. (2021). The challenges of providing certainty in the face of wicked problems: Analysing the UK goverment’s handling of the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Public Affairs, 21, 1-10.
  • Macit, A. & Macit, D. (2020). Türk sivil havacılık sektöründe Covid-19 pandemisinin yönetimi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(4), 100-116.
  • Mathers, N., Fox, N. & Hunn, A. (1998). Trent focus research and development in primary health care, using interviews in a research project. Trent focus group. 28.06.2020 tarihinde http://web.simmons.edu/ adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • OECD. (2020) .World data, Covid-19 and aviation industry: Impact and policy responses. 15.06.2021 tarihinde oecd.org/coronavirus adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Ou, J. & Wong, I. A. (2020). Strategic crisis response throughchanging message frames: A case of airline corporations. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(3), 1-15.
  • PRNewswire. (2020). 2020 analysis of airline brands & the COVID-19 pandemic: Benchmarking 66 major airline brands and their responses to COVID-19. 29.06.2020 tarihinde https://www.prnewswire.com/newsreleases/ 2020-analysis-of-airline-brands—the-covid-19-pandemic-benchmarking-66-major-airlinebrands- and-their-responses-to-covid-19-301124491.html adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Scheiwiller, S. & Zizka, L. (2021). Strategic responses by European Airlines to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A soft landing or a tribulent ride?. Journal of Air Transport Management, 95(2), 102103.
  • Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L. & Seeger, M. V. (2019). Effective crisis management. Kaliforniya: Sage Yayınları.
  • UNTWO. (2020). Impact assestment of the Covid-19 outbreak on international tourism. 07.04.2021 tarihinde https://www.unwto.org/impact-assessment-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-international-tourism adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Zemke, A. (2020). Role of strategic communication in crisis management and business continuity. BeehivePR. 05.10.2021 tarihinde https://beehivepr.biz/strategic-communication-in-crisis/adresinden edinilmiştir.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sevim Sayın Madak This is me 0000-0003-1748-7540

Zeynep Genel 0000-0002-3140-0053

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date December 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 40

Cite

APA Sayın Madak, S., & Genel, Z. (2022). Havayolu Taşımacılığı Sektöründe Kriz ve Paydaş İletişimi: Türk Hava Yolları Örneği. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi(40), 196-214. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1051503

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