Turizm Destinasyonlarında Fijital Pazarlama: Sistematik Bir Literatür İncelemesi
Year 2024,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 183 - 202, 31.01.2024
Serkan Rol
,
Azize Hassan
Abstract
Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinin artan kullanımı ile birlikte fiziksel ve dijital ortamların kaçınılmaz birlikteliği, yeni bir kavram olan ‘fijital’i ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, turizm destinasyonları açısından fijital pazarlama kavramının incelenmesidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenerek sistematik literatür incelemesi uygulanmıştır. Veri tabanlarında yapılan tarama sonucunda ilk aşamada 458 çalışmaya ulaşılmış ve konu ile doğrudan ilgili olduğu tespit edilen 24 makale incelemeye dahil edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, makalelerin son birkaç yılda yayımlanmış olması ve bu makalelerde büyük oranda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin benimsenmesi, fijital kavramının güncel ve araştırmacılar tarafından giderek artan bir ilgiye sahip olduğu şeklinde değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca incelenen çalışmalarda fijital deneyim ve fijital uygulamalar başlıklarının ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür.
References
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Applications for Tourism Industry. Handbook of Research on Interdisciplinary Reflections of
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International Journal of Tourism Cities. 5(4), 656-671.
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Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102739.
- Banik, S., & Gao, Y. (2023). Exploring the hedonic factors affecting customer experiences in phygital retailing.
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70, 103147.
- Baratta, R., Bonfanti, A., Cucci, M. G., & Simeoni, F. (2022). Enhancing cultural tourism through the
development of memorable experiences: the “Food Democracy Museum” as a phygital project.
Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 40(1), 153-176.
- Batat, W. (2022a). What does phygital really mean? A conceptual introduction to the phygital customer
experience (PH-CX) framework. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-24.
- Batat, W. (2022b). Why is the traditional marketing mix dead? Towards the “experiential marketing
mix”(7E), a strategic framework for business experience design in the phygital age. Journal of Strategic
Marketing, 1-13.
- Batat, W., & Hammedi, W. (2023). The extended reality technology (ERT) framework for designing
customer and service experiences in phygital settings: a service research agenda. Journal of Service
Management, 34(1), 10-33.
- Charlton, J., Babelon, I., Watson, R., & Hafferty, C. (2023). Phygitally smarter? A critically pragmatic agenda
for smarter engagement in British planning and beyond. Urban Planning, 8(2), 17-31.
- Costa Liberato, P. M., Alén-González, E., & de Azevedo Liberato, D. F. V. (2018). Digital technology in a
smart tourist destination: the case of Porto. Journal of Urban Technology, 25(1), 75-97.
- Çakın, Ö., & Yaman, D. (2020). Fijital (Phygital) Pazarlama Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Amazon Go
Örneği. Middle Black Sea Journal of Communication Studies, 5(1), 1-10.
- Çelik, Z. (2021). Fijital (phygital) pazarlama. Dijitalleşen Dünyada Pazarlama içinde, Ed. Dr. Mehmet
Sağlam. Nobel.
- Debono, S. (2021). Thinking Phygital: A Museological Framework of Predictive Futures., International
Council of Museums, 73(3-4), 156-167.
- Del Chiappa, G., & Baggio, R. (2015). Knowledge transfer in smart tourism destinations: Analyzing the
effects of a network structure. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 4(3), 145-150.
- Del Vecchio, P., Secundo, G., & Garzoni, A. (2023). Phygital technologies and environments for breakthrough
innovation in customers’ and citizens’ journey. A critical literature review and future agenda.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122342.
- Del Vecchio, P., Secundo, G., & Garzoni, A. (2023). Phygital technologies and environments for breakthrough
innovation in customers’ and citizens’ journey. A critical literature review and future agenda.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122342.
- Duhan, P., & Singh, A. (Eds.). (2019). M-commerce: Experiencing the phygital retail. CRC Press.
Gedik, Y. (2021). Pazarlamada yeni bir dönem: fijital pazarlama. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler
Dergisi, 3(2), 99-131.
- Huseynli, B. (2021). Fijital pazarlamanın müşteri deneyimindeki rolü. F. Çelebi (Ed.) İşletme Biliminden
Seçkin Araştırmalar içinde, 52-83. Duvar Yayınları.
- Hyun, H., Park, J., Hawkins, M. A., & Kim, D. (2022). How luxury brands build customer-based brand
equity through phygital experience. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-25.
- Jacob, F., Pez, V., & Volle, P. (2021). Shifting to phygital experience management with design science: a sixstep method to manage customer journeys. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-22.
- Johnson, M., & Barlow, R. (2021). Defining the phygital marketing advantage. Journal of Theoretical and
Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(6), 2365-2385.
- Karpova, G. A., Kuchumov, A. V., Testina, Y. S., & Voloshinova, M. V., (2019). Digitalization of a tourist
destination. Proceedings of the 2019 International SPBPU Scientific Conference on Innovations in
Digital Economy, içinde (pp. 1-6).
- Kamariotou, V., Kamariotou, M., & Kitsios, F. (2021). Strategic planning for virtual exhibitions and visitors’
experience: A multidisciplinary approach for museums in the digital age. Digital Applications in
Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 21, e00183.
- Klaus, P. P. (2021). Phygital–the emperor’s new clothes?. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-8.
- Lawry, C. A. (2022). Blurring luxury: the mediating role of self-gifting in consumer acceptance of phygital
shopping experiences. International Journal of Advertising, 41(4), 796-822.
- Maggu, P. (2021). Solution for online-offline gap in marketing: phygital. J. Singla ve K. Chaudhary (Eds.)
Marketing 5.0: putting up blocks together içide, 14-18. National Press Associates.
- Massari, F. S., Del Vecchio, P., & Degl’Innocenti, E. (2022). Past for Future–museums as a digitalized
“interaction platform” for value co-creation in tourism destinations. European Journal of Innovation
Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2022-0521
- Mele, C., & Russo-Spena, T. (2022). The architecture of the phygital customer journey: A dynamic interplay
between systems of insights and systems of engagement. European Journal of Marketing, 56(1), 72-91.
- Mele, C., Russo-Spena, T., Tregua, M., & Amitrano, C. C. (2021). The millennial customer journey: a Phygital
mapping of emotional, behavioural, and social experiences. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 38(4),
420-433.
- Mele, C., Spena, T. R., Marzullo, M., & Di Bernardo, I. (2023). The phygital transformation: a systematic
review and a research agenda. Italian Journal of Marketing, 2023, 323–349. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s43039-023-00070-7
- Mishra, S., Malhotra, G., Chatterjee, R., & Shukla, Y. (2021). Consumer retention through phygital
experience in omnichannel retailing: role of consumer empowerment and satisfaction. Journal of
Strategic Marketing, 31(4), 749-766.
- Moravcikova, D., & Kliestikova, J. (2017). Brand building with using phygital marketing communication.
Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 5(3), 148-153.
- Muangasame, K., & Tan, E. (2022). Phygital rural cultural heritage: A digitalisation approach for destination
recovery and resilience. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 15(1), 8-17. https://doi.
org/10.1108/WHATT-08-2022-0096
- Neuburger, L., Beck, J., & Egger, R. (2018). The ‘Phygital’tourist experience: The use of augmented and
virtual reality in destination marketing. Tourism planning and destination marketing içinde, s. 183-
202. Emerald Publishing Limited.
- Oncioiu, I., & Priescu, I. (2022). The use of virtual reality in tourism destinations as a tool to develop tourist
behavior perspective. Sustainability, 14(7), 4191.
- Pangarkar, A., Arora, V., & Shukla, Y. (2022). Exploring phygital omnichannel luxury retailing for immersive
customer experience: The role of rapport and social engagement. Journal of Retailing and Consumer
Services, 68, 103001.
- Pike, S. (2005). Tourism destination branding complexity. Journal of Product ve Brand Management, 14(4),
258-259.
- Pusceddu, G., Moi, L., & Cabiddu, F. (2023). Do they see eye to eye? Managing customer experience in
phygital high-tech retail. Management Decision. (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-
2022-0673
- Stankov, U., & Gretzel, U. (2020). Tourism 4.0 technologies and tourist experiences: a human-centered
design perspective. Information Technology ve Tourism, 22(3), 477-488.
- Sustacha, I., Baños-Pino, J. F., & del Valle, E. (2022). Research trends in technology in the context of smart
destinations: a bibliometric analysis and network visualization. Cuadernos de Gestión, 22(1), 161-
173.
- Turco, M. L., & Giovannini, E. C. (2020). Towards a phygital heritage approach for museum collection.
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 34, 102639.
- Yalçınkaya, N. G. (2017). Fiziksel ile dijitalin etkileşimi: Phygital pazarlama. Erişim Tarihi 10.05.2023.
https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/fiziksel-ve-dijital-dunyadaki-vaatler-birlesiyor/
- Yang, Z., Yin, M., Xu, J., & Lin, W. (2019). Spatial evolution model of tourist destinations based on complex
adaptive system theory: a case study of Southern Anhui, China. Journal of Geographical Sciences,
29(8), 1411-1434.
- Yüce, A., Aydoğdu, V., Yüce, S. G., & Katırcı, H. (2021). Phygitally yours: Examination of virtual reality
experiences in digital sports and recreational games. Jurnal The Messenger, 13(1), 1-18.
Year 2024,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 183 - 202, 31.01.2024
Serkan Rol
,
Azize Hassan
References
- Akmermer, B. (2022). The Phygital Experiential Marketing Practices: The Conceptual Framework and
Applications for Tourism Industry. Handbook of Research on Interdisciplinary Reflections of
Contemporary Experiential Marketing Practices içinde (ss. 289-309). IGI Global.
- Andrade, J. G., & Dias, P. (2020). A phygital approach to cultural heritage: Augmented reality at regaleira.
Virtual Archaeology Review, 11(22), 15-25.
- Atar, A. (2020). Gelenekselden dijitale turizm sektörü. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 1640-1654.
Baggio, R., & Chiappa, G. D. (2013). Tourism destinations as digital business ecosystems. In Information
and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2013: Proceedings of the International Conference in
Innsbruck, Austria, January 22-25, 2013 (pp. 183-194). Springer.
- Baker, M. J., & Cameron, E. (2008). Critical success factors in destination marketing. Tourism and hospitality
research, 8(2), 79-97.
- Ballina, F. (2020). Smart tourism destination, phygital experience and rural tourism. Smart Tourism, 1(2),
12.
- Ballina, F. J., Valdes, L., & Del Valle, E. (2019). The Phygital experience in the smart tourism destination.
International Journal of Tourism Cities. 5(4), 656-671.
- Banik, S. (2021). Exploring the involvement-patronage link in the phygital retail experiences. Journal of
Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102739.
- Banik, S., & Gao, Y. (2023). Exploring the hedonic factors affecting customer experiences in phygital retailing.
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70, 103147.
- Baratta, R., Bonfanti, A., Cucci, M. G., & Simeoni, F. (2022). Enhancing cultural tourism through the
development of memorable experiences: the “Food Democracy Museum” as a phygital project.
Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 40(1), 153-176.
- Batat, W. (2022a). What does phygital really mean? A conceptual introduction to the phygital customer
experience (PH-CX) framework. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-24.
- Batat, W. (2022b). Why is the traditional marketing mix dead? Towards the “experiential marketing
mix”(7E), a strategic framework for business experience design in the phygital age. Journal of Strategic
Marketing, 1-13.
- Batat, W., & Hammedi, W. (2023). The extended reality technology (ERT) framework for designing
customer and service experiences in phygital settings: a service research agenda. Journal of Service
Management, 34(1), 10-33.
- Charlton, J., Babelon, I., Watson, R., & Hafferty, C. (2023). Phygitally smarter? A critically pragmatic agenda
for smarter engagement in British planning and beyond. Urban Planning, 8(2), 17-31.
- Costa Liberato, P. M., Alén-González, E., & de Azevedo Liberato, D. F. V. (2018). Digital technology in a
smart tourist destination: the case of Porto. Journal of Urban Technology, 25(1), 75-97.
- Çakın, Ö., & Yaman, D. (2020). Fijital (Phygital) Pazarlama Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Amazon Go
Örneği. Middle Black Sea Journal of Communication Studies, 5(1), 1-10.
- Çelik, Z. (2021). Fijital (phygital) pazarlama. Dijitalleşen Dünyada Pazarlama içinde, Ed. Dr. Mehmet
Sağlam. Nobel.
- Debono, S. (2021). Thinking Phygital: A Museological Framework of Predictive Futures., International
Council of Museums, 73(3-4), 156-167.
- Del Chiappa, G., & Baggio, R. (2015). Knowledge transfer in smart tourism destinations: Analyzing the
effects of a network structure. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 4(3), 145-150.
- Del Vecchio, P., Secundo, G., & Garzoni, A. (2023). Phygital technologies and environments for breakthrough
innovation in customers’ and citizens’ journey. A critical literature review and future agenda.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122342.
- Del Vecchio, P., Secundo, G., & Garzoni, A. (2023). Phygital technologies and environments for breakthrough
innovation in customers’ and citizens’ journey. A critical literature review and future agenda.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122342.
- Duhan, P., & Singh, A. (Eds.). (2019). M-commerce: Experiencing the phygital retail. CRC Press.
Gedik, Y. (2021). Pazarlamada yeni bir dönem: fijital pazarlama. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler
Dergisi, 3(2), 99-131.
- Huseynli, B. (2021). Fijital pazarlamanın müşteri deneyimindeki rolü. F. Çelebi (Ed.) İşletme Biliminden
Seçkin Araştırmalar içinde, 52-83. Duvar Yayınları.
- Hyun, H., Park, J., Hawkins, M. A., & Kim, D. (2022). How luxury brands build customer-based brand
equity through phygital experience. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-25.
- Jacob, F., Pez, V., & Volle, P. (2021). Shifting to phygital experience management with design science: a sixstep method to manage customer journeys. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-22.
- Johnson, M., & Barlow, R. (2021). Defining the phygital marketing advantage. Journal of Theoretical and
Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(6), 2365-2385.
- Karpova, G. A., Kuchumov, A. V., Testina, Y. S., & Voloshinova, M. V., (2019). Digitalization of a tourist
destination. Proceedings of the 2019 International SPBPU Scientific Conference on Innovations in
Digital Economy, içinde (pp. 1-6).
- Kamariotou, V., Kamariotou, M., & Kitsios, F. (2021). Strategic planning for virtual exhibitions and visitors’
experience: A multidisciplinary approach for museums in the digital age. Digital Applications in
Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 21, e00183.
- Klaus, P. P. (2021). Phygital–the emperor’s new clothes?. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 1-8.
- Lawry, C. A. (2022). Blurring luxury: the mediating role of self-gifting in consumer acceptance of phygital
shopping experiences. International Journal of Advertising, 41(4), 796-822.
- Maggu, P. (2021). Solution for online-offline gap in marketing: phygital. J. Singla ve K. Chaudhary (Eds.)
Marketing 5.0: putting up blocks together içide, 14-18. National Press Associates.
- Massari, F. S., Del Vecchio, P., & Degl’Innocenti, E. (2022). Past for Future–museums as a digitalized
“interaction platform” for value co-creation in tourism destinations. European Journal of Innovation
Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2022-0521
- Mele, C., & Russo-Spena, T. (2022). The architecture of the phygital customer journey: A dynamic interplay
between systems of insights and systems of engagement. European Journal of Marketing, 56(1), 72-91.
- Mele, C., Russo-Spena, T., Tregua, M., & Amitrano, C. C. (2021). The millennial customer journey: a Phygital
mapping of emotional, behavioural, and social experiences. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 38(4),
420-433.
- Mele, C., Spena, T. R., Marzullo, M., & Di Bernardo, I. (2023). The phygital transformation: a systematic
review and a research agenda. Italian Journal of Marketing, 2023, 323–349. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s43039-023-00070-7
- Mishra, S., Malhotra, G., Chatterjee, R., & Shukla, Y. (2021). Consumer retention through phygital
experience in omnichannel retailing: role of consumer empowerment and satisfaction. Journal of
Strategic Marketing, 31(4), 749-766.
- Moravcikova, D., & Kliestikova, J. (2017). Brand building with using phygital marketing communication.
Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 5(3), 148-153.
- Muangasame, K., & Tan, E. (2022). Phygital rural cultural heritage: A digitalisation approach for destination
recovery and resilience. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 15(1), 8-17. https://doi.
org/10.1108/WHATT-08-2022-0096
- Neuburger, L., Beck, J., & Egger, R. (2018). The ‘Phygital’tourist experience: The use of augmented and
virtual reality in destination marketing. Tourism planning and destination marketing içinde, s. 183-
202. Emerald Publishing Limited.
- Oncioiu, I., & Priescu, I. (2022). The use of virtual reality in tourism destinations as a tool to develop tourist
behavior perspective. Sustainability, 14(7), 4191.
- Pangarkar, A., Arora, V., & Shukla, Y. (2022). Exploring phygital omnichannel luxury retailing for immersive
customer experience: The role of rapport and social engagement. Journal of Retailing and Consumer
Services, 68, 103001.
- Pike, S. (2005). Tourism destination branding complexity. Journal of Product ve Brand Management, 14(4),
258-259.
- Pusceddu, G., Moi, L., & Cabiddu, F. (2023). Do they see eye to eye? Managing customer experience in
phygital high-tech retail. Management Decision. (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-
2022-0673
- Stankov, U., & Gretzel, U. (2020). Tourism 4.0 technologies and tourist experiences: a human-centered
design perspective. Information Technology ve Tourism, 22(3), 477-488.
- Sustacha, I., Baños-Pino, J. F., & del Valle, E. (2022). Research trends in technology in the context of smart
destinations: a bibliometric analysis and network visualization. Cuadernos de Gestión, 22(1), 161-
173.
- Turco, M. L., & Giovannini, E. C. (2020). Towards a phygital heritage approach for museum collection.
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 34, 102639.
- Yalçınkaya, N. G. (2017). Fiziksel ile dijitalin etkileşimi: Phygital pazarlama. Erişim Tarihi 10.05.2023.
https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/fiziksel-ve-dijital-dunyadaki-vaatler-birlesiyor/
- Yang, Z., Yin, M., Xu, J., & Lin, W. (2019). Spatial evolution model of tourist destinations based on complex
adaptive system theory: a case study of Southern Anhui, China. Journal of Geographical Sciences,
29(8), 1411-1434.
- Yüce, A., Aydoğdu, V., Yüce, S. G., & Katırcı, H. (2021). Phygitally yours: Examination of virtual reality
experiences in digital sports and recreational games. Jurnal The Messenger, 13(1), 1-18.