Patient Experiences at an Authorized Public Hospital for Health Tourism: A Netnographic Study of Google Maps Reviews for Kocaeli City Hospital
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 177 - 200, 31.07.2025
Mesud Uzun
,
Ahmet Talha Ağca
Öz
In the context of the increasing strategic importance of the health sector and health tourism for Turkey, this study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction at Kocaeli City Hospital, a public hospital certified for health tourism, by analyzing online comments on the Google Maps platform using a netnographic approach. The research revealed that hospital physical conditions (parking, elevators, restroom cleanliness), healthcare personnel's interest and communication deficiencies, and operational issues like appointments and waiting times were primary sources of dissatisfaction. The hospital's modern infrastructure and successful treatment processes were noted as positive feedback. Sentiment analysis showed a high percentage (65%) of negative comments. Study findings emphasize the multi-dimensional nature of patient satisfaction and highlight online comments as a valuable tool for identifying specific areas for improvement, particularly in public hospitals. This study contributes to the literature by offering evidence-based recommendations for public hospitals to develop patient-oriented service strategies and enhance their competitiveness in health tourism.
Etik Beyan
The author declares that ethical guidelines were adhered to throughout all preparation processes of this study. In the event of any contrary finding, the Journal of Tourism and Business bears no responsibility whatsoever, and full responsibility rests solely with the author of the article.
Destekleyen Kurum
No in-kind or financial assistance/support was received from any individual or institution during the preparation of this study."
Kaynakça
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Anderson, E. W., Fornell, C., & Rust, R. T. (1997). Customer satisfaction, productivity, and profitability:
Differences between goods and services. Marketing Science, 16(2), 129-145.
-
Andreassen, T. W., & Lindestad, B. (1998). Customer loyalty and complex services: The impact of corporate
image on quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty for customers with varying degrees of service
expertise. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 9(1), 7-23.
-
Aslan, Ş., & Çelik, Ö. (2018). Kamu hastanelerinde dış kaynak kullanımı yoluyla personel istihdam edilme
sinde karşılaşılan insan kaynakları yönetimi ile ilgili sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Sosyal Araştırmalar
ve Yönetim Dergisi, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.35375/sayod.518901
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Bilgin, O. (2025). Sağlık turizmi bağlamında yabancı hastalarla iletişim. İletişim Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi,
5(2), 125–143.
-
Bitner, M. J. (1992). Servicescapes: The impact of physical surroundings on customers and employees. Jour
nal of Marketing, 56(2), 57-71.
-
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Mohr, L. A. (1994). Critical service encounters: The employee’s viewpoint.
Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 95-107.
-
Eren M., & Türkay, O. (2021). Medikal Turistlerin Türkiye’de Tedavi Gördüğü Hastanelere Yönelik Dijital
Platformlardaki Yorumlarının Analizi. 2nd International Congress of New Generations and Trend in
Tourism (INGANT’21). MAY, 27-28; Sakarya.
-
Bolton, R. N., & Drew, J. H. (1991). A longitudinal analysis of the impact of service encounters on customer
satisfaction. Journal of Marketing, 55(1), 1-9.
-
Connell, J. (2013). Medical tourism: Sea, sun, sand and surgery. Tourism Management, 34(5), 1191-1200.
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of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176. https://doi.
org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550049
-
Cronin Jr, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring service quality: A reexamination and extension. Journal of
Marketing, 56(3), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600304
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Crooks, V. A., Kingsbury, P., Snyder, J., & Johnston, R. (2010). What is known about the patient’s expe
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org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-266
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Liang, H.-Y., Chu, C.-Y., & Lin, J.-S. C. (2020). Engaging customers with employees in service encounters.
Journal of Service Management, 31(6), 1071–1105. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2018-0175
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org/10.1108/03090569910292285
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Dean, D. H. (2004). Consumer reaction to negative publicity: Effects of corporate reputation, response,
and responsibility for a crisis event. Journal of Business Communication, 41(2), 192-211. https://doi.
org/10.1177/0021943603261748
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Dondurucu, Z., & Uran, A. B. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Kamu Hastanelerinin ve Özel Hasta
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Ekinci, N. (2020). Şehir hastanelerine ilişkin internete yansıyan ulusal haberlerin değerlendirilmesi. Gü
müşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(3), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussag
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Sağlık Turizmi Yetki Belgeli Kamu Hastanesinde Hasta Deneyimleri: Kocaeli Şehir Hastanesi Google Haritalar Yorumlarının... 197
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Sağlık Turizmi Yetki Belgeli Kamu Hastanesinde Hasta Deneyimleri: Kocaeli Şehir Hastanesi Google Haritalar Yorumlarının Netnografik İncelenmesi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 177 - 200, 31.07.2025
Mesud Uzun
,
Ahmet Talha Ağca
Öz
Sağlık sektörünün ve sağlık turizminin Türkiye için artan stratejik önemi bağlamında, bu çalışma sağlık turizmi yetki belgesine sahip bir kamu hastanesi olan Kocaeli Şehir Hastanesi'nde hasta memnuniyetini, Google Haritalar platformundaki çevrimiçi yorumları netnografik yöntemle analiz ederek değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırma, hastane fiziksel koşulları (otopark, asansör, tuvalet temizliği), sağlık personeli ilgi ve iletişim eksikliği ile tedavi süreçlerindeki aksaklıkların temel memnuniyetsizlik kaynakları olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Hastanenin modern altyapısı ve başarılı tedavi süreçleri ise olumlu geri bildirimler arasında yer almıştır. Yorumların duygu analizi, %65 gibi yüksek bir oranda olumsuz geri bildirim bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, hasta memnuniyetinin çok boyutlu doğasını ve çevrimiçi yorumların, özellikle kamu hastanelerinde, hizmet kalitesini artırmaya yönelik spesifik iyileştirme alanlarını belirlemede değerli bir araç olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, kamu hastanelerinin hasta odaklı hizmet stratejileri geliştirmesi ve sağlık turizmi alanındaki rekabet gücünü artırması için kanıt temelli öneriler sunarak hem literatüre hem de sağlık yönetimi uygulamalarına önemli katkı sağlamaktadır.
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışmanın tüm hazırlanma süreçlerinde etik kurallara riayet edildiğini yazar tarafından beyan edilmektedir. Aksi bir durumun tespiti halinde Turizm ve İşletme Dergisinin hiçbir sorumluluğu olmayıp, tüm sorumluluk makale yazarına aittir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Bu çalışmanın hazırlanması süresince herhangi bir bireyden ya da kurumdan ayni ya da nakdi bir yardım/destek alınmamıştır.
Kaynakça
-
Anderson, E. W., & Mittal, V. (2000). Strengthening the satisfaction-profit chain. Journal of Service Research,
3(2), 107–120.
-
Anderson, E. W., Fornell, C., & Rust, R. T. (1997). Customer satisfaction, productivity, and profitability:
Differences between goods and services. Marketing Science, 16(2), 129-145.
-
Andreassen, T. W., & Lindestad, B. (1998). Customer loyalty and complex services: The impact of corporate
image on quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty for customers with varying degrees of service
expertise. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 9(1), 7-23.
-
Aslan, Ş., & Çelik, Ö. (2018). Kamu hastanelerinde dış kaynak kullanımı yoluyla personel istihdam edilme
sinde karşılaşılan insan kaynakları yönetimi ile ilgili sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Sosyal Araştırmalar
ve Yönetim Dergisi, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.35375/sayod.518901
-
Bilgin, O. (2025). Sağlık turizmi bağlamında yabancı hastalarla iletişim. İletişim Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi,
5(2), 125–143.
-
Bitner, M. J. (1992). Servicescapes: The impact of physical surroundings on customers and employees. Jour
nal of Marketing, 56(2), 57-71.
-
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Mohr, L. A. (1994). Critical service encounters: The employee’s viewpoint.
Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 95-107.
-
Eren M., & Türkay, O. (2021). Medikal Turistlerin Türkiye’de Tedavi Gördüğü Hastanelere Yönelik Dijital
Platformlardaki Yorumlarının Analizi. 2nd International Congress of New Generations and Trend in
Tourism (INGANT’21). MAY, 27-28; Sakarya.
-
Bolton, R. N., & Drew, J. H. (1991). A longitudinal analysis of the impact of service encounters on customer
satisfaction. Journal of Marketing, 55(1), 1-9.
-
Connell, J. (2013). Medical tourism: Sea, sun, sand and surgery. Tourism Management, 34(5), 1191-1200.
Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application
of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176. https://doi.
org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550049
-
Cronin Jr, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring service quality: A reexamination and extension. Journal of
Marketing, 56(3), 55-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600304
-
Crooks, V. A., Kingsbury, P., Snyder, J., & Johnston, R. (2010). What is known about the patient’s expe
rience of medical tourism? A scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 10(1), 266. https://doi.
org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-266
-
Liang, H.-Y., Chu, C.-Y., & Lin, J.-S. C. (2020). Engaging customers with employees in service encounters.
Journal of Service Management, 31(6), 1071–1105. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2018-0175
-
Bloemer, J., de Ruyter, K. and Wetzels, M. (1999). Linking perceived service quality and service loyalty: a
multi‐dimensional perspective. European Journal of Marketing, 33(11/12), 1082-1106. https://doi.
org/10.1108/03090569910292285
-
Dean, D. H. (2004). Consumer reaction to negative publicity: Effects of corporate reputation, response,
and responsibility for a crisis event. Journal of Business Communication, 41(2), 192-211. https://doi.
org/10.1177/0021943603261748
-
Dondurucu, Z., & Uran, A. B. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Kamu Hastanelerinin ve Özel Hasta
nelerin Instagram’da Dijital Sağlık İletişimi Çalışmaları Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi. Intermedia Inter
national E-Journal, 9(16), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.56133/intermedia.1022653 .
-
Hoşgör, D. Gündüz, Güngördü, H., & Hoşgör, H. (2023). Netnografik bir şikâyet araştırması: bir özel has
tane örneği (2018-2022). Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi Ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 9(1), 25-38.
-
DiMatteo, M. R. (2004). Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: A meta-analysis. Health
Psychology, 23(2), 207–218.
-
Donabedian, A. (1988). The quality of care. How can it be assessed? JAMA: The Journal of the American Me
dical Association, 260(12), 1743–1748. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.260.12.1743
-
Ekinci, N. (2020). Şehir hastanelerine ilişkin internete yansıyan ulusal haberlerin değerlendirilmesi. Gü
müşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(3), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussag
bil.633223
-
Fırtına İlhan, C., & Övey, İ. S. (2024). Antalya’da sağlık turizmi yetki belgesi olan kurumlarda dijital pazarla
manın etkisi. Eurasian Journal of Health Technology Assessment, 8(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.52148/
ehta.1474280
-
Fombrun, C. J. (1996). Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate image. Harvard Business School Press.
Open Access.
-
Fornell, C. (1992). A national customer satisfaction barometer: The Swedish experience. Journal of Marke
ting, 56(1), 6-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600103
-
Gonzales, A., Brenzel, L., & Sancho, J. (2001). Health tourism and related services: Caribbean development
and international trade. Final report, 57-8.
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