Catalytic co-pyrolysis of PET/PP plastics and olive pomace biomass with marble sludge catalyst

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 33 - 45, 31.01.2025

Esra Yel , Merve Kalem , Gamze Göktepeli , Afra Özgan Kurt , Gülnare Ahmetli , Vildan Önen

https://doi.org/10.51435/turkjac.1609960

Abstract

Sustainable and efficient waste management requires involvement of symbiotic solutions to various types of wastes, and so to achieve circular economy. Through this motivation, in this study, combined thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis) of plastics, biomass and marble processing effluents physicochemical treatment sludge (K1) were studied. In this combination, plastics were petroleum-based synthetic aromatic (PET) and aliphatic (PP) organics, while olive pomace-OP was natural agricultural residue. K1 was mineral product, which was first introduced in the literature as pyrolysis catalyst by the authors. In the study, co-pyrolysis of polymers and biomass was catalyzed by mineral waste containing CaCO3. The effect of plastic type and pyrolyzed material mixture ratio on pyrolysis fractions were investigated. Moreover, material recovery potential from pyrolysis fractions were discussed. In catalytic co-pyrolysis, by increasing the plastic ratio in the mixture, the pyrolytic liquid and oligomer fraction increased while the solid (char) and gas fraction decreased. For 70%PP+15%OP+15%K1 mixture, liquid product was dominant, whereas with 60%PET+20%OP+20%K1 much more pyrolytic gas fraction produced. The thermal degradation of char products did not exceed 2-3% up to 600°C and this stability continues up to approximately 700°C reveals the potential of the char to be used in alternative areas as a material with high thermal resistance. The catalytic co-pyrolysis liquid products contain alkanes, alkenes, acids, phenols, benzene, aldehydes, esters, alcohols, ketones. Benzene, acid and alcohol groups were dominant in liquids, while alkane, alkene and alkyne groups were dominant in gases.

Keywords

Biomass, Catalytic Co-pyrolysis, Industrial symbiosis, Marble Sludge, Plastic wastes

Project Number

This study was financially supported by the Bilateral Joint Research Project between TUBITAK (Turkey) [CAYDAG-118Y475] and JSPS (Japan) [JPJSBP12019942].

Mermer çamuru katalizörü ile PET/PP plastiklerin ve zeytin posası biyokütlesinin katalitik ko-pirolizi

Abstract

Sürdürülebilir ve etkili atık yönetimi, çeşitli atık türlerine simbiyotik çözümlerin dahil edilmesini ve böylece dairesel ekonomiye ulaşılmasını gerektirir. Bu motivasyonla, bu çalışmada, plastiklerin, biyokütlenin ve mermer işleme atıklarının fizikokimyasal arıtma çamurunun (K1) kombine termokimyasal dönüşümü (pirolizi) incelenmiştir. Bu kombinasyonda, plastikler petrol bazlı sentetik aromatik (PET) ve alifatik (PP) organikler iken, zeytin posası-OP doğal tarımsal kalıntıdır. K1, literatüre ilk olarak yazarlar tarafından piroliz katalizörü olarak tanıtılan mineral üründür. Çalışmada, polimerlerin ve biyokütlenin eş pirolizi, CaCO3 içeren mineral atık tarafından katalize edilmiştir. Plastik türünün ve pirolize edilmiş malzeme karışım oranının piroliz fraksiyonları üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, piroliz fraksiyonlarından malzeme geri kazanım potansiyeli tartışılmıştır. Katalitik ko-pirolizde, karışımdaki plastik oranının artırılmasıyla pirolitik sıvı ve oligomer fraksiyonu artarken katı (char) ve gaz fraksiyonu azaldı. %70PP+%15OP+%15K1 karışımı için sıvı ürün baskındı, %60PET+%20OP+%20K1 ile ise çok daha fazla pirolitik gaz fraksiyonu üretildi. Char ürünlerinin termal bozunması 600°C'ye kadar %2-3'ü geçmedi ve bu kararlılık yaklaşık 700°C'ye kadar devam etti, char'ın yüksek termal dirence sahip bir malzeme olarak alternatif alanlarda kullanılma potansiyelini ortaya koydu. Katalitik ko-piroliz sıvı ürünleri alkanlar, alkenler, asitler, fenoller, benzen, aldehitler, esterler, alkoller, ketonlar içerir. Sıvılarda benzen, asit ve alkol grupları baskınken, gazlarda alkan, alken ve alkin grupları baskındı.

Keywords

Biyokütle, Katalitik Ko-piroliz, Endüstriyel simbiyoz, Mermer çamuru, Plastik atıklar

Project Number

This study was financially supported by the Bilateral Joint Research Project between TUBITAK (Turkey) [CAYDAG-118Y475] and JSPS (Japan) [JPJSBP12019942].

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