Reactions of Tetraploid Wheat Species to Septoria Tritici Blotch

Year 2024, , 574 - 582, 30.04.2024

Ahmet Çat

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1378612

Abstract

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici is one of the destructive diseases of wheat global scale and it causes severe yield losses in suitable conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate on the 84 tetraploid wheat species to STB disease during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons. The experiment was conducted randomized block design with two replications at campus of Akdeniz University. Based on the disease observations, it was determined that 39 (46.4%) of the tested genotypes showed susceptible and highly susceptible reaction in 2021, while 18 (21.4%) showed resistant and moderately resistant reaction. In addition, 44 (52.4%) of the genotypes showed susceptible and highly susceptible reaction, and 15 (17.8%) showed resistant and moderately resistant reaction in 2022. Overall, while all Polish wheat species showed highly susceptible reaction, only one emmer wheat species (T. dicoccum var. haussknechtianum) showed immune reaction in two seasons. Besides, durum wheat varieties namely Akbaşak 073/144, Çakmak 79, Altıntaş 95, Yelken 2000, Fırat-93 and Fuatbey 2000 showed resistant reaction and also no highly susceptible reaction was detected in durum wheat varieties. To sum up, identified resistant durum and emmer wheat species/varieties can be used in breeding programs to be conducted for resistance to STB disease.

Keywords

Tetraploid wheat species, septoria, disease severity, infection type, resistance

Reactions of Tetraploid Wheat Species to Septoria Tritici Blotch

Abstract

Ascomycetes fungal patojen Zymoseptoria tritici’nin neden olduğu Septoria tritici blotch (STB) buğdayın küresel düzeyde yıkıcı hastalıklarından biridir ve uygun koşullarda önemli verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olur. Bu çalışma, 84 tetraploit buğday türünün STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklılığını belirlemek amacıyla 2020-2021 ve 2021-2022 yetiştirme sezonlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan çeşitler tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre iki tekerrür olacak şekilde Akdeniz Üniversitesi yerleşkesinde yetiştirilmiştir. Hastalık gözlemlerine göre; 2021'de, test edilen genotiplerin 39 (%46.4) 'nun STB hastalığına karşı hassas ve çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yine aynı yıl, genotiplerin 18 (%21.4)' i dayanıklı ve orta derecede dayanıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. 2022'de, genotiplerin 44 (%52.4)'ü STB hastalığına karşı hassas ve çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterirken, 15 (%17.8) 'i dayanıklı ve orta derecede dayanıklı reaksiyon göstermiştir. Özellikle tüm Polonya buğday türlerinin STB hastalığına karşı çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, bir gernik buğday türü, Triticum dicoccum var. haussknechtianum, her iki sezonda da dayanıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Akbaşak 073/144, Çakmak 79, Altıntaş 95, Yelken 2000, Fırat-93 ve Fuatbey 2000 gibi makarnalık buğday çeşitleri STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklı olduğu ve makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde çok hassas reaksiyon saptanmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, belirlenen dayanıklı durum ve emmer buğday türleri/çeşitleri, STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklılık ıslah programlarında kullanılma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Keywords

Tetraploid buğday türleri, hastalık şiddeti, enfeksiyon tipi, dayanıklılık, septoria

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