Bazı Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitleri ile Amerikan Asma Anaçlarında Yıllık Dalların Odunlaşma Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 311 - 318, 25.07.2017

Alper Dardenız , Baboo Alı Fadime Ates Yuksel Savas Mehmet Ali Gündoğdu

Abstract

Bu araştırma, bazı
sofralık üzüm çeşitleri (‘Amasya Beyazı’, ‘Ata Sarısı’, ‘Cardinal’, ‘Italia’,
‘Kozak Beyazı’, ‘Müşküle’, ‘Yalova Çekirdeksizi’ ve ‘Yalova İncisi’) ile
Amerikan asma anaçlarında (‘140Ru’, ‘1613C’, ‘1103P’, ‘110R’, ‘5BB’ ve ‘41B’)
yıllık dalların odunlaşma düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, 2013 ve 2014
yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Üzüm çeşitlerine ait 7,5–9,5 mm kalınlığındaki
kalemler ‘ÇOMÜ Dardanos Yerleşkesi’ndeki ‘Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitleri Uygulama ve
Araştırma Bağı’ndan, Amerikan asma anaçlarına ait 8,0–9,5 mm kalınlığındaki
aşılanabilir çelikler ise ‘Manisa Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’nden
(Manisa/Türkiye) temin edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Vitis cinsinin yıllık dallarındaki odunlaşma (pişkinleşme) düzeyini
en iyi ifade eden çap/öz ve ksilem/öz gibi parametre oranları çeşit, anaç ve
yıllar bazında değişim göstermiş, Amerikan asma anaçlarının yıllık dallarındaki
parametre oranlarının, üzüm çeşitlerinin yıllık dallarına kıyasla çok daha
yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durumun, kalem alınan üzüm çeşitleri
üzerindeki ürün yükünün anaçlara kıyasla çok daha yüksek olmasından ve genetik
farklılıktan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Amerikan asma anacı, Vitis vinifera L., üretim materyali kalitesi, odunlaşma, çap/öz, ksilem/öz.

Cane Lignification Levels of Some Table Grape Cultivars and American Vine Rootstocks

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the lignification levels of
canes of some table grape cultivars (‘Amasya Beyazi’, ‘Ata Sarisi’, ‘Cardinal’,
‘Italia’, ‘Kozak Beyazi’, ‘Muskule’, ‘Yalova Cekirdeksizi’ and ‘Yalova Incisi’)
and American vine rootstocks (‘140Ru’, ‘1613C’, ‘1103P’, ‘110R’, ‘5BB’ and
‘41B’) during the years 2013 and 2014. The 7.5–9.5 mm thick scions of table
grape cultivars were supplied from ‘Table Grapes Research and Implementation
Vineyard’ of ‘COMU Dardanos Campus’ and 8.0–9.5 mm grafting cuttings of
American vine rootstocks were supplied from ‘Manisa Viticulture Research
Institute’ (Manisa/Turkey). Results revealed that cane lignification levels of Vitis species were
best represented by width/core and xylem/core ratios and such ratios
significantly varied based on cultivars, rootstocks and years. Parameters
ratios of American vine rootstocks were much higher than the ratios of table
grape cultivars. Such a case was because of genetic differences and much higher
fruit cluster loads of grape cultivars than the rootstocks.

Keywords

American vine rootstock, Vitis vinifera L., production material quality, lignification, width/core, xylem/core.

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