About Stranding and Accidentally Caught Cetaceans in the Black Sea: Death Reasons, Feeding Characteristics and Pregnancy Status

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 447 - 454, 18.10.2018

Sabri Bilgin , Hatice Onay Ozay Köse Tuncay Yeşilçiçek

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471239

Cited By: 4

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine
stranding levels, dead reasons and some reproduction features and diet of the
Black Sea’ cetacean species (harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena and common dolphin, Delphinus delphis) Rize coast in the Black Sea. By caught cetaceans
(71 harbour porpoise and 4 common dolphins) were drowned entangled in the nets
and they did not damage the turbot nets. Stranding levels of the Black Sea’
cetaceans (6 harbour porpoise and 4 common dolphins) were 60% P. phocoena and 40% D. delphis. Probable causes of death of stranding cetaceans were
determined as asphyxia and marine pollutions. Mating of P. phocoena begins between June and July and calving takes after
May. A total of 52 harbour porpoise and 6 common dolphin stomach examined for
diet analyzes. Harbour porpoises feed mainly anchovy (N = 86%; FO = 63%),
whiting (N = 12%; FO = 25%) and horse mackerel (N = 2%; FO = 11%), and also
common dolphin feed mainly anchovy (N = 8%, FO = 43%) and horse mackerel (N =
5%; FO = 43%).

Keywords

Cetacea, by catch, fisheries, Black Sea.

Karadeniz’de Karaya Vuran ve Kazara Yakalanan Yunuslar (Cetacea) Hakkında: Ölüm Nedenleri, Beslenme Özellikleri ve Gebelik Durumu

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Kalkan dip uzatma solungaç ağlarıyla
yapılan avcılıkta Karadeniz’de yaşayan iki yunus türünün (Mutur, Phocoena phocoena ve Tırtak, Delphinus delphis) karaya vuran miktarı
ve ölüm nedenleri ile bazı üreme ve beslenme özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için
Rize kıyı şeridinde yürütülmüştür. Dip uzatma kalkan ağlarıyla kazara yakalanan
yunuslar (71 Mutur ve 4 Tırtak) ağlara dolanarak boğulmuş ve yunuslar kalkan
ağlarına zarar verememiştir. Karaya vuran yunusların (6 Mutur ve 4 Tırtak)
%60’ı P. phocoena, %40’ı ise D. delphis türüdür. Karaya vuran
yunusların muhtemel ölüm sebeplerinin avcılık sırasında ağlara kazara takılıp
boğulmaları ve deniz kirliliği olduğu belirlenmiştir. P. phocoena türü Haziran ve Temmuz aylarında çiftleşmeye
başlamakta, Mayıs’tan sonra ise doğum gerçekleşmektedir. Çalışmada 52 Mutur ve
6 Tırtak midesi incelenmiştir. Hem sayısal varlık hem de bulunuş frekansı
açısından Mutur başlıca Hamsi (% N = 86; %FO = %63), Mezgit (% N = 12; %FO =
%25) ve İstavrit (% N = 2; %FO = %11) balıkları ile Tırtak ise Hamsi (%N = 8,
%FO = 43) ve İstavrit (%N = 5 %FO = 43) balıklarıyla beslenmiştir.

Keywords

Cetacea, kazara yakalanma, balıkçılık, Karadeniz.

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