Environmental Impacts Having Different Altitude on Day-Degree Units with Yield and Fiber Quality of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) F1 Hybrids Obtained By Line x Tester Design

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 643 - 658, 18.10.2018

Ramazan Şadet Güvercin Fatih Kıllı Selçuk Sunulu

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471485

Abstract

Temperature is an
important factor that affecting growth and development in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This research
was carried out at Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions having different
altitude and temperature in 2012, after the hybridization which made in 2011.
For this purpose, eight parents and their fifteen F₁ hybrids which
are obtained by Line x Tester used as a plant material in a randomized complete
block design with four replications. In this study, the effects of
Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions were examined on the number of day and
degree-day units required for squaring, flowering, bolls opening and harvesting
times as well as seed cotton yield, gin outturn, fiber fineness and fiber
length. Results indicated that investigated properties, except fiber length
were affected by Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions. While genotypes were
using less degree-day unit for the first squaring in Elbistan, have been used
more degree-day unit in Kahramanmaraş for the first flower, boll opening and
harvest times. But, genotypes have been used more day number for collect to degree-day
units in Elbistan. For this reason, although genotypes which have 207.41 kg da^-1
seed cotton yield in 195 days using 1593.5 °C degree-day unit in Elbistan, had
been got 426.25 kg da^-1 seed cotton yield in 157 days using 2480.1 ^oC
degree-day in Kahramanmaraş. As a result, 1x4 F₁ hybrids and Fantom
for Elbistan, 1x5 F₁ hybrids and Stoneville 468 for Kahramanmaraş
are found very important.

Keywords

Cotton, environmental effect, line x tester mating, degree-day units, yield and fiber properties.

Farklı Yüksekliğe Sahip Çevrelerin Line x Tester Yöntemiyle Geliştirilmiş Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Melezlerinde Gün-Derece Üniteleri ile Verim ve Lif Kalitesine Etkisi

Abstract

Sıcaklık, pamukta (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
büyüme ve gelişmeyi etkileyen en önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma, 2011 yılında yapılan melezlemeyi takiben, 2012
yılında, yükseltileri farklı Kahramanmaraş ve Elbistan koşullarında
yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Çoklu dizi (Line x Tester) yöntemine uygun melezlemeyle
geliştirilmiş onbeş F₁ kombinasyonu ile bu melezlerin sekiz  ebeveyni, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine
göre dört tekerrürlü yetiştirilmiş ve genotiplerin taraklanma, çiçeklenme, koza
açma ve hasat dönemlerine ait gün sayıları ve gün-derece ünitelerinin yanı sıra
kütlü pamuk verimi, çırçır randımanı, lif inceliği ve lif uzunluğu
incelenmiştir. Lokasyonlar arasındaki fark lif uzunluğu hariç diğer
özelliklerde değişime neden olmuştur. Genotipler, taraklanma için Elbistan
koşullarında daha çok, ilk çiçek, ilk koza açma
ve hasat zamanları için daha az gün-derece ünitesi kullanırken, bu ünitelerin
temini için Kahramanmaraş’tan daha fazla gün sayısına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu
durum, Elbistan’da 195 günde temin edilen 1593.5 ^oC
gün-derece ünitesiyle 207.41 kg da^-1 ortalama kütlü üretimini
oluştururken, Kahramanmaraş’ta 157 günde temin edilen 2480.1 ^oC
gün-derece ünitesiyle 426.25 kg da^-1 kütlü üretimi oluşmuştur.  Sonuç olarak
ise Elbistan için 1x4 F₁ melezi ile Fantom çeşidinin, Kahramanmaraş
için ise 1x5 F₁ melezi ile Stoneville 468 çeşidinin önemli olduğu
saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Pamuk, çevre etkisi, çoklu dizi analizi, gün-derece ünitesi, verim ve lif özellikleri.

References

• Akışcan, Y., Mert, M. 2005. Determination of the temperature requirements of some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars in Amik plain according to the development periods. Turkey VI. Field Crops Congress, 1: 291-296, 5-9 September 2005, Antalya.
• Akışcan, Y. 2004. Determination of temperature requirements of some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Varieties according to development periods in the Amik plain conditions as degree-day unit. Mustafa Kemal University, Institute of Sci., Master Thesis, 71 p., Antakya-Hatay.
• Anonymous, 2017. T.C. Ministry of Customs and Trade, General Directorate of Cooperatives, Cotton Report. 41 s. Ankara.
• Bauer, P.J., Bradow, J.M. 1996. Cotton genotype response to early-season cold temperatures. Crop Sci., 36: 1602-1606.
• Bange, M.P,. Constable, G.A., Johnston, D.B., Kelly, D. 2010. A method to estimate the effects of temperature on cotton micronaire. The Journal of Cotton Sci., 14: 164-172.
• Başbağ, S. 1999. An investigation on the inheritance of seed cotton yield, quality and earliness criteria in generations F1, F2 and Backcross, obtained by crossing the variety early mature Ogosta 644 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Sayar 314 (Gossypium hirsutum L.), one of southeastern Anatolia region standard cotton varieties. Çukurova, University, Department of Field Crop Institute of Natural and Applied Sci., Ph.D Thesis, 77 p., Adana, Turkey.
• Calhoun D.S., Bowman, D.T. 1999. Techniques for Development of New Cultivars. In: Smith CW, Cothren JT, editörs. Cotton:Origin, History, Technology andProduction, John Wiley&Sons, New York, USA.
• Çelik, İ., İnan, Ö., Çetinkaya, M. 2009. Assessment of plant growth by plant monitoring methods of Cukurova 1518 cotton cultivar in Antalya conditions. Derim Magazine, 26(2): 42-56.
• Efe, L., Kıllı, F., Mustafayev, S. 2013. An evaluation of some mutant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties from Azerbaijan in Southeast Anatolian region of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(33): 5117-5130.
• Gou, X.X. 1985. The relationship between cotton boll development and air temperature. Field Crop Abstracts, 39(6): 531.
• Güvercin, R.Ş., Oğlakçı, M. 2016. The effect of sowing time on hybrid powers (Heterosis and Heterobeltiosis) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Anadolu Journal and Agricultural Sci., 31: 257-267.
• Haliloğlu, H. 2015. The effect of heat stress on cotton. Harran Journal of Food and Agricultural Sci. 19(4): 238-249.
• İncekara, F., Turan, Z.M. 1977. Effect of sowing density on different earliness criteria and some agronomic characters at four different cotton varieties, Ege University Publications, No: 303, İzmir, Turkey.
• Kaya, A.R. 2006. Determination of yield, yield components and fiber technological properties, and degree day units in different growing periods of some cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L.) and lines obtained from interspecific crosses (Gossypium hirsutum L. x Gossypium barbadense L.) under Kahramanmaraş conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl University Institute of Natural Sci. Field Crops Department, Ph.D Thesis, 162 p., Van.
• Kempthorne, O. 1957. An Introduction to Genetic Statistics. John Wiley and Sons, pp. 191-200, New York, USA.
• Lakkineni, K.C., Bhardwaj, S.N., Abrol, Y.B. 1994. Effects of temperature on early growth and seed-cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum L.). Indian Journal of Agricutural Sci., 64(9): 653-654.
• Liakatas, A., Roussopoulos, D., Whittington, W.J. 1998. Controlled-temperature effects on cotton yield and fiber properties. Journal Agricultural Sci., 130: 463-471.
• Niles, G.A., Feaster, C.V. 1984. Breeding. In: Kohel RJ and Lewis CF, editörs, Cotton. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, pp. 201-231, USA.
• Oad, F.C., Jamro, G.H., Biswas, J.K. 2002. Effect of different sowing date on seed index and gin out-turn of various cotton varieties. Asian Journal of Plant Sci., 1(4): 316-317.
• Özbek, N., Şahin, A., Ekşi, İ. 2004. Determination of temperature requirements (degree-day units) of some cotton varieties according to growing periods. Nazilli Cotton Research Institute, Publication No: 60, Nazilli-Aydın, Turkey.
• Quinn, J., Kelly, D. 2011. Crop growth stages. Australian Cotton Production Manual. Cotton Catchment Communities, p. 44.
• Reddy, K.R., Hodges, H.F. 1992. Temperature effects on early season cotton growth and development. Agronomy Journal, 84: 229-237.
• Reddy, K.R., Davidonis, G.H., Johnson, A.S., Vineyard, B.T. 1999. Temperature regime and carbon dioxide enrichment alter cotton boll development and fiber properties. Agronomy Journal, 91: 851-858.
• Reddy, V.R., Reddy, K.R., Acock, B. 1995. Carbon dioxide and temperature interactions on stem extension, node initiation and fruiting in cotton. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 55(1): 17-28.
• Richmond, T.R., Radwan, S.R.H. 1962. Comparative study of seven methods of measuring earliness of crop maturity in cotton. Crop Sci., 2: 397-400.
• Süllü, S. 2001. Determination of temperature requirements in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) according to development periods at different sowing times in Çukurova region as a degree-day. Çukurova University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sci., Master Degree Thesis, 75 p., Adana.