Research Article
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Seasonal Variations of Antioxidant Enzyme and Heavy Metal Levels in Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) In Dardenelles Bosphorus (Kepez)

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 659 - 665, 18.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471502

Abstract

In this study, the effects of heavy metal pollution on mussel have been
investigated in Kepez, Çanakkale Bosphorus, where has busy sea traffic.
For this purpose, changes
in total protein (TP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in
the gills,
hepatopancreas and muscle tissues of the Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples investigated. The levels of cadmium (Cd),
copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) heavy metals in the tissues
were also determined to evaluate seasonal differences. The results exhibited
that Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations of gills, hepatopancreas and muscles
of M. galloprovincialis samples were
under allowable values (except from Pb level in
hepatopancreas
in
autumn).
TP concentrations were higher in autumn in hepatopancreas.
SOD activities were also higher in spring and levels of muscles and gills
activities were significantly different in the spring and autumn
(p<0.05). Higher CAT activity was measured also in
spring although CAT levels of the hepatopancreas and gills were significantly
different in the samples collected. The differences indicate that antioxidative
defence mechanisms were strongly correlated with heavy metal concentrations,
and enzymatic activities are the most common bioindicators for determination
and prevention of aquatic pollution.

References

  • Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods of Enzymology, 105: 121-126.
  • Aslan, E. 2010. İzmir Körfezi’ndeki Kara Midyelerinin (Mytilus galloprovincialis) ve Bazı Balık Türlerinin Farklı Organ ve Dokularındaki 210Po Konsantrasyonu İle Lipid Peroksidasyonu (LPO), H2O2 ve Prolin Arasındaki Korelasyonun İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Bocchetti, R., Lamberti, C.V., Pisanelli, B., Razzetti, E.M., Maggi, C., Catalano, B., Sesta, G., Martuccio, G., Gabellini M., Regoli F. 2008. Seasonal variations of exposure biomarkers, oxidative stress responses and cell damage in the clams, Tapes philippinarum, and mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, from Adriatic Sea. Marine Environmental Research, 66: 24-26.
  • Bongiorno, T., Lacumin, L., Tubaro, F., Marcuzzo, E., Sensidoni, A., Tulli, F. 2015. Seasonal changes in technological and nutritional quality of Mytilus galloprovincialis from suspended culture in the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea). Food Chemistry, 173: 355-362.
  • Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
  • Brenneisen, P., Steinbrenner, H., Sies, H. 2005. Selenium, oxidative stress, and health aspects. Molecular Aspects Medicine, 26: 256-267.
  • Cancio, I., Cajaraville, M.P. 1999. Seasonal variation of xanthine oxidoreductase activity in the digestive gland cells of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A biochemical, histochemical and immunochemical study. Biology of the Cell, 91: 605-615.
  • Di Giulio, R.T., Washburn, P.C., Wenning, R.J., Winston, G.W., Jewell, C.S. 1989. Biochemical responses in aquatic animal: A review of determinants of oxidative stress. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 8: 1103-1123.
  • EFSA, 2015. EFSA panel on contaminants in the food chain (CONTAM). Call for continuous collection of chemical contaminants occurrence data in food and feed. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/data/call/datex101217.htm.
  • Ekici, L., Sağdıç, O. 2008. Serbest radikaller ve antioksidan gıdalarla inhibisyonu. Gıda Dergisi, 33(5): 251-260.
  • Flöhe, L., Ötting, F. 1984. Superoxide dismutase assays. Methods of Enzymology, 105: 93-104.
  • Fox, P.F., McSweeney, P.L.H., Lynch, C.M. 1998. Significance of non-starter lactic acid bacteria in cheddar cheese. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology, 53: 83-89.
  • Kayhan, F.E., Muşlu, M.N., Koç, N.D. 2009. Bazı ağır metallerin sucul organizmalar üzerinde yarattığı stres ve biyolojik yanıtlar. Journal of Fisheries Sciences.com, 3(2): 153-162.
  • Livingstone, D.R., Forlin, L., George, S. 1994. Molecular biomarkers and Toxic Consequences of Impact by Organic Pollution in Aquatic Organisms. In: Sutcliffe D.W., eds. Water quality and stress indicators in marine and freshwater systems: Linking levels of organization. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, pp. 1171-1254.
  • Manduzio, H., Monsinjon, T., Rocher, B., Leboulenger, F., Galap, C. 2003. Characterization of an inducible isoform of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Aquatic Toxicology, 64: 73-83.
  • Matés, JM., Pérez-Gómez, C., De Castro, N.I. 1999. Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases. Clinical Biochemistry, 32 (8): 595-603.
  • Miniero, R., Ceretti, G., Cherin, E., Dellatte, E., De Luca, S., Ferri, F., Fulgenzi, A., Grim, F., Lacovella, N., Di Domenico, A. 2003. Correlation between PCDD and PCDF levels in sediments and clams (Tapes sp.) in the Venice Lagoon. Organohalogen Compounds, 62: 144-147.
  • Nawar, W.W. 1996. Lipids. In Food Chemistry, Fennema-Ed O.R., Dekker M., New York, pp. 225-319.
  • Olsson, P.E., Kling, P., Hogstrand, C. 1998. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Accumulation and Toxicity in Fish. In: Langston W.J., Bebianno B.J., Eds. Metal metabolism in aquatic environments. London, UK. Pp. 321- 337.
  • Orbea, A., Ortiz-Zarragoitia, M., Sole, M., Porte, C., Cajaraville, M.P. 2002. Antioxidant enzymes and peroxisome proliferation in relation to contaminant body burdens of PAHs and PCBs in bivalve mollucs, crabs and fish form the Urdaibai and Plentzia Estuaries (Bay of Biscay). Aquatic Toxicology, 58: 75-98.
  • Özden, S. 2005. Çanakkale Boğazı ve Çevresindeki Bazı Midye ve Alg Türlerinin Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Özden, S. 2013. Gelibolu Yarımadası ve Saroz Körfezi Kıyılarında Askıda Katı Madde, sediment, Mytilus galloprovincialis ve Ulva rigida’da Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi.
  • Rayment, G.E., Barry, G. 2000. Indicator tissues for heavy metal monitoring - additional attributes. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 41: 353-358.
  • Richir, J., Gobert S. 2014. A reassessment of the use of Posidonia oceanica and Mytilus galloprovincialis to biomonitor the coastal pollution of trace elements: New tools and tips. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 89(1-2): 390-406.
  • Santovito, G., Piccinni, E., Cassini, A., Irato, P., Albergoni, V. 2005. Antioxidant responses of the mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, to environmental variability of dissolved oxygen. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 140: 321-329. Schuyer, M., Berns, E.M. 1999. Is TP53 dysfunction required for BRCA1-associated carcinogenesis? Molecular Cell Endocrinology, 155:143-152.
  • Siemer, D.D., Koteel, P., Jaiwala, V. 1976. Optimization of arsine generation in atomic absorption arsenic determinations. Analytical Chemistry, 48(6): 21-24.
  • Speranza, M.J., Bagley, A.C., Lynch, B.E. 1993. Cells enriched for catalase are sensitized to the toxicities of bloomycin, adriamycin and paraquat. Journal of Biyology and Chemistry, 268: 39-43.
  • Uysal, H. 1970. Türkiye Sahillerinde Bulunan Midyeler Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarc Üzerinde Biyolojik ve Ekolojik Araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi. Fen Fakültesi, İlmi Raporlar Serisi, 79.
  • Valavanidis, A., Vlahogianni, T., Dassenakis, M., Scoullos, M.J. 2007. Integrated use of biomarkers (Superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis for assessing heavy metals pollution in coastal areas from the Saronikos Gulf of Greece. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54: 1361-1371.
  • Van Der Oost, R., Beyer, J., Vermeulen, N.P.E. 2003. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: A Review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13: 57-149.
  • Viarengo, A., Canesi, L., Pertica, M., Livingstone, D.R. 1991. Seasonal variations in the antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation of the digestive gland of mussels. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 100 (1/2): 187-190.
  • Yining, B., Wenbo, Z., Zheng, Z., Zhengshan Wang, Z. 2011. Antioxidant property in vivo of cheese whey enzymatic hydrolysates. The 5 th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, May 2011, Wuhan, China 1-4 p.
  • Yüzügüllü, Y., Özgel, B.Z. 2013. Çift aktiviteli katalaz-fenol oksidazın ve diğer katalazların gıda sanayisindeki önemi. Gıda, 38(2): 111-118.

Çanakkale Boğazı (Kepez) Midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) Örneklerinde Ağır Metal ve Antioksidan Enzim Düzeylerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 659 - 665, 18.10.2018
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471502

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yoğun bir deniz trafiğine
sahip olan Çanakkale Boğazı Kepez kıyılarındaki ağır metal kirliliğinin
midyeler üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldı. Bu amaçla, Akdeniz Midyesi (Mytilus galloprovincialis) solungaç,
hepatopankreas ve kas dokularında toplam protein (TP), süperoksit dismutaz
(SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) düzeylerindeki değişimler incelendi. Mevsimsel
farklılıkları değerlendirebilmek için dokulardaki kadmiyum (Cd), bakır (Cu),
demir (Fe), kurşun (Pb) ve çinko (Zn) ağır metallerinin birikim düzeyleri de
tayin edildi. M. galloprovincialis
örneklerinin solungaç, hepatopankreas ve kas dokularındaki ağır metal
miktarlarının (sonbaharda hepatopankreasta ölçülen Pb değeri hariç) kabul
edilebilir değerlerin altında olduğu belirlendi.
 TP miktarı, en yüksek hepatopankreas dokusunda
sonbahar mevsiminde görüldü. SOD aktivitesi, ilkbahar mevsiminde daha yüksek
görülmekle birlikte solungaç ve kas dokularında mevsimsel olarak anlamlı
farklılık gözlendi (
p<0.05). CAT aktivitesinde solungaç ve hepatopankreas dokularında
sonbaharda ilkbahara oranla belirgin ve anlamlı bir düşüş görüldü. Belirlenen
farklılıklar, antioksidatif savunma mekanizmalarının ağır metal
konsantrasyonlarıyla güçlü bir korelasyon gösterdiğini ve sucul kirliliğin
belirlenmesi ve engellenmesinde enzimatik aktivitenin en genel belirteç
olduğunu ortaya koydu.

References

  • Aebi, H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods of Enzymology, 105: 121-126.
  • Aslan, E. 2010. İzmir Körfezi’ndeki Kara Midyelerinin (Mytilus galloprovincialis) ve Bazı Balık Türlerinin Farklı Organ ve Dokularındaki 210Po Konsantrasyonu İle Lipid Peroksidasyonu (LPO), H2O2 ve Prolin Arasındaki Korelasyonun İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Bocchetti, R., Lamberti, C.V., Pisanelli, B., Razzetti, E.M., Maggi, C., Catalano, B., Sesta, G., Martuccio, G., Gabellini M., Regoli F. 2008. Seasonal variations of exposure biomarkers, oxidative stress responses and cell damage in the clams, Tapes philippinarum, and mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, from Adriatic Sea. Marine Environmental Research, 66: 24-26.
  • Bongiorno, T., Lacumin, L., Tubaro, F., Marcuzzo, E., Sensidoni, A., Tulli, F. 2015. Seasonal changes in technological and nutritional quality of Mytilus galloprovincialis from suspended culture in the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea). Food Chemistry, 173: 355-362.
  • Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
  • Brenneisen, P., Steinbrenner, H., Sies, H. 2005. Selenium, oxidative stress, and health aspects. Molecular Aspects Medicine, 26: 256-267.
  • Cancio, I., Cajaraville, M.P. 1999. Seasonal variation of xanthine oxidoreductase activity in the digestive gland cells of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A biochemical, histochemical and immunochemical study. Biology of the Cell, 91: 605-615.
  • Di Giulio, R.T., Washburn, P.C., Wenning, R.J., Winston, G.W., Jewell, C.S. 1989. Biochemical responses in aquatic animal: A review of determinants of oxidative stress. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 8: 1103-1123.
  • EFSA, 2015. EFSA panel on contaminants in the food chain (CONTAM). Call for continuous collection of chemical contaminants occurrence data in food and feed. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/data/call/datex101217.htm.
  • Ekici, L., Sağdıç, O. 2008. Serbest radikaller ve antioksidan gıdalarla inhibisyonu. Gıda Dergisi, 33(5): 251-260.
  • Flöhe, L., Ötting, F. 1984. Superoxide dismutase assays. Methods of Enzymology, 105: 93-104.
  • Fox, P.F., McSweeney, P.L.H., Lynch, C.M. 1998. Significance of non-starter lactic acid bacteria in cheddar cheese. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology, 53: 83-89.
  • Kayhan, F.E., Muşlu, M.N., Koç, N.D. 2009. Bazı ağır metallerin sucul organizmalar üzerinde yarattığı stres ve biyolojik yanıtlar. Journal of Fisheries Sciences.com, 3(2): 153-162.
  • Livingstone, D.R., Forlin, L., George, S. 1994. Molecular biomarkers and Toxic Consequences of Impact by Organic Pollution in Aquatic Organisms. In: Sutcliffe D.W., eds. Water quality and stress indicators in marine and freshwater systems: Linking levels of organization. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, UK, pp. 1171-1254.
  • Manduzio, H., Monsinjon, T., Rocher, B., Leboulenger, F., Galap, C. 2003. Characterization of an inducible isoform of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Aquatic Toxicology, 64: 73-83.
  • Matés, JM., Pérez-Gómez, C., De Castro, N.I. 1999. Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases. Clinical Biochemistry, 32 (8): 595-603.
  • Miniero, R., Ceretti, G., Cherin, E., Dellatte, E., De Luca, S., Ferri, F., Fulgenzi, A., Grim, F., Lacovella, N., Di Domenico, A. 2003. Correlation between PCDD and PCDF levels in sediments and clams (Tapes sp.) in the Venice Lagoon. Organohalogen Compounds, 62: 144-147.
  • Nawar, W.W. 1996. Lipids. In Food Chemistry, Fennema-Ed O.R., Dekker M., New York, pp. 225-319.
  • Olsson, P.E., Kling, P., Hogstrand, C. 1998. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Accumulation and Toxicity in Fish. In: Langston W.J., Bebianno B.J., Eds. Metal metabolism in aquatic environments. London, UK. Pp. 321- 337.
  • Orbea, A., Ortiz-Zarragoitia, M., Sole, M., Porte, C., Cajaraville, M.P. 2002. Antioxidant enzymes and peroxisome proliferation in relation to contaminant body burdens of PAHs and PCBs in bivalve mollucs, crabs and fish form the Urdaibai and Plentzia Estuaries (Bay of Biscay). Aquatic Toxicology, 58: 75-98.
  • Özden, S. 2005. Çanakkale Boğazı ve Çevresindeki Bazı Midye ve Alg Türlerinin Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Özden, S. 2013. Gelibolu Yarımadası ve Saroz Körfezi Kıyılarında Askıda Katı Madde, sediment, Mytilus galloprovincialis ve Ulva rigida’da Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Araştırılması. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi.
  • Rayment, G.E., Barry, G. 2000. Indicator tissues for heavy metal monitoring - additional attributes. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 41: 353-358.
  • Richir, J., Gobert S. 2014. A reassessment of the use of Posidonia oceanica and Mytilus galloprovincialis to biomonitor the coastal pollution of trace elements: New tools and tips. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 89(1-2): 390-406.
  • Santovito, G., Piccinni, E., Cassini, A., Irato, P., Albergoni, V. 2005. Antioxidant responses of the mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, to environmental variability of dissolved oxygen. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 140: 321-329. Schuyer, M., Berns, E.M. 1999. Is TP53 dysfunction required for BRCA1-associated carcinogenesis? Molecular Cell Endocrinology, 155:143-152.
  • Siemer, D.D., Koteel, P., Jaiwala, V. 1976. Optimization of arsine generation in atomic absorption arsenic determinations. Analytical Chemistry, 48(6): 21-24.
  • Speranza, M.J., Bagley, A.C., Lynch, B.E. 1993. Cells enriched for catalase are sensitized to the toxicities of bloomycin, adriamycin and paraquat. Journal of Biyology and Chemistry, 268: 39-43.
  • Uysal, H. 1970. Türkiye Sahillerinde Bulunan Midyeler Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarc Üzerinde Biyolojik ve Ekolojik Araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi. Fen Fakültesi, İlmi Raporlar Serisi, 79.
  • Valavanidis, A., Vlahogianni, T., Dassenakis, M., Scoullos, M.J. 2007. Integrated use of biomarkers (Superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis for assessing heavy metals pollution in coastal areas from the Saronikos Gulf of Greece. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54: 1361-1371.
  • Van Der Oost, R., Beyer, J., Vermeulen, N.P.E. 2003. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: A Review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13: 57-149.
  • Viarengo, A., Canesi, L., Pertica, M., Livingstone, D.R. 1991. Seasonal variations in the antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation of the digestive gland of mussels. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 100 (1/2): 187-190.
  • Yining, B., Wenbo, Z., Zheng, Z., Zhengshan Wang, Z. 2011. Antioxidant property in vivo of cheese whey enzymatic hydrolysates. The 5 th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, May 2011, Wuhan, China 1-4 p.
  • Yüzügüllü, Y., Özgel, B.Z. 2013. Çift aktiviteli katalaz-fenol oksidazın ve diğer katalazların gıda sanayisindeki önemi. Gıda, 38(2): 111-118.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Neslihan Demir

Gülsüm Akkuş This is me

Publication Date October 18, 2018
Submission Date August 13, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 5 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Demir, N., & Akkuş, G. (2018). Çanakkale Boğazı (Kepez) Midye (Mytilus galloprovincialis L., 1819) Örneklerinde Ağır Metal ve Antioksidan Enzim Düzeylerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(4), 659-665. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.471502