Biyokömür ve Kükürt Uygulamasının Alkali Killi-Tınlı Topraklarda Fosfor Alınabilirliği ve Toprak Enzim Aktivitesi Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 527 - 535, 23.07.2019

Veysel Turan

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.595376

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Biyokömür adı verilen “biochar (BC)” zengin
besin elementi içeriğine ve toprak ıslah edici özelliklere sahiptir. BC son zamanlarda
gübre veya toprak düzenleyici materyal olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak BC’nin
kükürt (S) ile birlikte uygulandığı çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma ile zeytin posasından elde edilmiş BC ve
S’in ayrı ayrı ve birlikte uygulanmasının killi-tınlı ve pH si yüksek olan
topraklarda fosfor (P) elverişliliği ile toprak sağlığı açısından önemli olan
enzim aktiviteleri (asit fosfataz, alkalin fosfataz, β-Glukozidaz ve
dehidrogenaz) üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Topraklara farklı BC (0, %
0.75, % 1.5) ve S (0, 800 mg kg^-1) dozları uygulanarak kontrollü
şartlarda faktöriyel deneme planına göre 45 gün süre ile inkübasyona
bırakılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre; elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), Toplam
P ve β-glukozidaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine BC ve S interaksiyonu önemli
bulunmuştur. BC’nin, S ile birlikte uygulanması toplam fosfor miktarını
artırırken, hem BC hem de S uygulamaları elverişli P miktarını artırmıştır.
Bununla birlikte, BC ve S toprak EC değerinde artışa neden olurken S uygulaması
toprak pH değerini düşürmüştür. Ek olarak, toprak organik madde miktarı BC
dozunun artmasıyla yükselmiştir. Dikkat çekici bir şekilde BC ve S
uygulamaları; asit fosfataz, alkalin fosfataz ve dehidrogenaz enzim aktivitesi
üzerine etki yapmazken, BC uygulaması yapılmayan S uygulamasında β-glukozidaz
enzim aktivitesi azalmıştır. Bu ön çalışma BC ve S uygulamalarının arazi
koşullarında ve uygun dozlarda çalışılmasının zorunlu olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Toprak Enzim aktivitesi, fosfor elverişliliği

Effects of Biochar and Sulfur amendment on Soil Phosphorus and Soil Enzyme Activity in Alkaline Clay-Loam Soil

Abstract

Biochar (BC) has rich
nutrient content and soil-improving properties. BC has recently been used as a
fertilizer or soil amendment material. However, studies in which BC is applied
with sulfur (S) are limited. In this study, effects of BC obtained from olive
pulp and S separately and in combination with phosphorus (P) in soil with clay
loam and high pH effects on enzyme activities -important for soil health- (acid
phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, β-Glucosidase and Dehydrogenase) have been
examined. Different BC (0, 0.75%, 1.5%) and S (0, 800 mg kg^-1) doses
have been applied to the soil and incubated under controlled conditions for 45
days according to the factorial trial plan. According to the results of this
study, BC and S interaction on electrical conductivity (EC), Total P and
β-Glucosidase enzyme activity were found to be significant. BC and S
application increased the total phosphorus amount, while both BC and S
applications increased the available amount of P. However, BC and S resulted in
an increase in soil EC value and S application decreased soil pH value. In
addition, the amount of soil organic matter increased with the increase in the
dose of BC. Strikingly while BC and S applications did not affect enzyme
activity acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase,
β-glucosidase enzyme activity was decreased in S application without BC
application. This preliminary study shows that BC and S applications are
required to be studied at appropriate field conditions and at appropriate
doses.

Keywords

Soil enzyme activity, phosphorus availability

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