Nonpatojen Fusarium spp.'lerinin Nohutta Fusarium Solgunluğuna Karşı in vitro Koşullarda Antagonist Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 775 - 792, 20.07.2020

Merve Dilmaç , Havva Dinler , Barış Kaki

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.697883

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Dünyada ve ülkemizde nohut ekimi yapılan alanlarda son yıllarda dikkat çeken önemli hastalıklardan biri de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris Padwick (Foc)'in neden olduğu Fusarium solgunluğudur. Bu hastalık nedeniyle ülkemizde nohut ekim alanlarının yaklaşık %40'ı bulaşık olup, ekonomik olarak önemli ürün kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Hastalıkla mücadelede dünya genelinde en etkili ve pratik yöntemlerden biri de dayanıklı çeşitlerin kullanılmasıdır. Ancak dayanıklı çeşit kullanımının etkililiği, Foc'ta patojenik ırkların ortaya çıkması ile kısıtlanmaktadır. Nohutta fusarium solgunluğunun mücadelesinde dayanıklı çeşitlerin kullanımı ile birlikte bakteriyel veya fungal antogonistler de kullanılarak biyolojik kontrol yoluyla hastalıkla mücadele arttırılabilir. Günümüzde non-patojen fusarium izolatları ve farklı forma speciales'leri fusarium solgunluk hastalıklarının biyolojik mücadelesi için umut verici bir stratejidir. Çalışma nohutta Fusarim solgunluğuna karşı nohut bitkilerinden izole edilen ve patojenisite denemesi sonucunda nonpatojen olan 110 Fusarium spp. izolatının in vitro koşullarda antogonistik etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmış ve çalışmada ikili kültür metodu kullanılmıştır. İkili kültür metodu sonucunda 105 non-patojen Fusarium spp. izolatı Patates Dekstroz Agar (PDA) besi yerinde antogonistik etki göstermiştir. Non-patojen olan Fusarium spp. izolatlarının Fusarium oxysporum’un misel gelişimini en düşük ve en yüksek %8.88-44.46 arasında engellediği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çalışmada kullanılan non-patojen Fusarium izolatlarının Fusarium oxysporum’un misel gelişimini engellemiş olması nedeniyle, bu izolatlar solgunluk hastalığına karşı biyolojik mücadele çalışmalarında önemli bir potansiyel antogonist olarak kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca F.oxysporum’un misel gelişimini engellemede en yüksek antogonistik etki gösteren non-patojen izolatların in vivo koşullarda da denenmesi sonucunda biyolojik mücadele çalışmalarında tek başına ya da diğer biyolojik ajanlarla kullanılması, hastalıkla mücadelede ümitvar sonuçlar verebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Antogonistik etki, Biyolojik mücadele, Fusarium oxysporum, İkili kültür metodu, Non-patojen Fusarium spp.

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