Karışım Ekim Koşullarında Yaygın Fiğ (Vicia Sativa L.) ve Tritikale (Xtriticosecale Wittmack) Bitkisinin Kök Sistemi Etkileşimleri

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 857 - 865, 26.07.2021

Semih Açıkbaş , Mehmet Arif Özyazıcı , Harun Bektaş

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.861756

Abstract

Karışım ekim, sıraya ekim ve rotasyon, toprak yapısınının iyileştirilmesi ve topraktaki azot durumunu artırmak için yaygın olarak uygulanan en eski üretim tekniklerindendir. Rotasyon, genellikle bir buğdaygil ve baklagil ile iki sezon sürerken, karışım ekim ve sıraya ekim ise bir sezonda yapılabilmektedir. Baklagil bitkilerinin karışım ekimde başlıca avantajları, toprak kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir kullanımı ve azaltılmış girdi maliyeti olarak sıralanabilir. Karışım ve sıraya ekim ile yapılan çalışmalarda, karışım ekimin toprak üstü bitki gelişime olan etkisi bir çok kez araştırılmış, sınırlı sayıda çalışmada ise, kök sistemi etkileşimlerinin incelendiği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, fide döneminde adi fiğ (Vicia sativa) x triticale (Xtriticosecale Wittmack) sıraya ekimlerinin detaylı kök sistemi etkileşimlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada yarı hidroponik pleksiglas sistemi kullanılmıştır. Tür düzeyinde etkileşim ve rekabeti test etmek için beş farklı karışım oranı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, tritikalenin adi fiğ köklerinin gelişimini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini, adi fiğin ise tritikale'yi etkilemediğini göstermektedir. Saçak kök sistemine sahip olan tritikale, adi fiğ ile karşılaştırıldığında kök büyümesinde daha baskın bir gelişim göstermiştir. En iyi kök sistemi gelişiminin (her iki tür için) daha yüksek baklagil oranlarına sahip dozlarda olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, karışım ekimden maksimum kazanç elde etmek için en iyi karışım ve sıraya ekim oranlarının belirlenmesi ve toprak altı etkileşimlerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Karışım ekim,, kök mimarisi,, kök uzunlukları,, sekonder kök,, kök derinliği

Root System Interactions of Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) and Triticale (Xtriticosecale Wittmack) Under Intercropping Conditions

Abstract

Intercropping, mixed cropping, and rotation are commonly applied and some of the oldest crop production techniques to improve soil structure and nitrogen status. While rotation takes generally two-season with one triticeae and legume, inter-and mixed cropping takes place within the same season. Among many advantages of legume inter-and mixed cropping, the most important one is the sustainable use of soil resources and reduced input cost. Numerous studies evaluated the effect of inter -and mixed cropping on above-ground interactions, very few investigated below-ground interactions in these systems. This study aimed to investigate common vetch (Vicia sativa) x triticale (Xtriticosecale Wittmack) root system interactions at the seedling stage under intercropping conditions. The study was conducted with a semi-hydroponic plexiglass system. Five different ratios were used to test species level intercommunication and competition. The results suggest that, while triticale significantly affected the development of common vetch roots, common vetch did not affect triticale. Triticale with a fibrous root system was more aggressive on root growth compared to common vetch. It was seen that the most vigorous root system development (for both species) was at doses with higher legume ratios. Our results highlight the importance of below-ground interactions for the selection of best ratios to gain maximum outcome from the intercropping systems

Keywords

Intercropping,, root architecture,, roots length,, lateral root,, root depth

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