Farklı Azot Seviyeleri ve Sulama Aralıklarının Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Pamuk Bitkisinde Verim ve Su Kullanma Randımanı Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 898 - 904, 24.10.2021

Engin Gönen Çağatay Tanrıverdi

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.789963

Abstract

Bu çalışma, farklı azot seviyelerinin ve sulama aralıklarının pamuk verimi ve su kullanma randımanı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2012 ve 2013 yıllarında Kahramanmaraş Doğu Akdeniz Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Denemede Erşan-92 pamuk çeşidi bitkisinde, 3 farklı azot seviyesi (N0:0, N15:150, N30: 300 kg ha-1) ve 2 farklı sulama aralığı (I5:5 ve I10:10 gün) test edilmiştir. Uygulanan sulama suyu miktarının 5 ve 10 gün sulama aralıklarında 60 cm’lik kök derinliğindeki eksik nem tarla kapasitesine getirilmesiyle belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde göre 3 yinelemeli olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma yıllarında sulama konularına uygulanan sulama suyu miktarı sırasıyla 511.9-633.8 ve 498-611 mm arasında değişmiştir. Farklı sulama ve azot konularında pamuk verim değerleri sırasıyla 2520-3360.0 ile 2360-3540 kg ha-1 arasında değişmiştir. Sonuç olarak, her 5 günde bir sulama konularında 10 günde bir sulama konularına göre daha az su uygulanmasına rağmen daha yüksek verim elde edilmiştir. Farklı sulama konuları ve azot uygulamaları interaksiyonu verim, Su kullanma randımanı (WP) ve sulama suyu kullanma randımanı (IWP) üzerine etkisi istatistiksel olarak %1 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Ekonomik analiz değerlendirmesinde en yüksek net gelir 5 günlük sulama aralığı 150 kg ha-1 azot uygulaması konusunda, en düşük ise 10 günlük sulama aralığı 0 kg ha-1 azot uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Deneme sonucunda, 5 gün sulama aralığında 150 kg ha-1 azot uygulanması tavsiye edilmiştir.

Keywords

Bitki su tüketimi, Su kullanım randımanı, Sulama suyu kullanım randımanı, Akdeniz bölgesi

Supporting Institution

Kahrmanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Proje Birimi

Project Number

BAP-2014/1-11 YLS.

The Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels and Irrigation Intervals on Yield and Water Productivity of Cotton Grown in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of nirogen levels and irrigation intervals applied with drip system on cotton yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in the East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research of Institute Located in Kahramanmaras, Turkey during 2012 and 2013. In the experiment, 3 different nitrogen levels (N0:0, N15:150, N30: 300 kg ha-1) and 2 different irrigation intervals (I5: 5 and I10:10 days) were investigated on Erşan-92 cotton variety. The amount of irrigation water was estimated by replenishment of soil water deficit in 60 cm root-zone depth to the field capacity in the irrigation intervals of 5 and 10 days. The experimental design was split-plots with three replications. The amount of irrigation water applied to treatments in the research years varied between 511.9-633.8 and 498-611 mm respectively. Cotton yield values in the research years for irrigation and nitrogen applications ranged between 2520-3360 and 2360-3540 kg ha-1 respectively. Higher yields were obtained with 5-day irrigation frequency compared with irrigation every 10 days. The effects of different irrigation intervals and nitrogen application of interaction on yield, Water use efficiency (WP) and Irrigation water use efficiency (IWP) were found to be statistically significant at 1% level. I5 N15 generated the highest net income and the lowest income was found in I10 N0. As a result of the experiment, 150 kg ha-1 nitrogen dose in 5 days irrigation interval was recommended for cotton production in the region.

Keywords

Evapotraspiration, Water use efficiency, Irrigation water use efficiency, Mediterranean Region

Project Number

BAP-2014/1-11 YLS.

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