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Mısırda Tam Kardeş Popülasyonların Oluşturulması ve Polen Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi için Yeni Bir Tozlama Aparatı ve Yöntemin Geliştirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 802 - 812, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1027692

Abstract

Bu çalışmada mısırda polen etkisinin (xenia) incelenmesine yönelik yeni bir tozlama yönteminin geliştirilmesi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada materyal olarak tane rengi ve tane içeriği bakımından farklılık gösteren 4 farklı genotip kullanılmıştır. Deneme Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Çiftliği Bitkisel Üretim Uygulama ve Araştırma Birimi seralarında 2020 Eylül ayında tesadüf blokları deneme desenine uygun olarak kurulmuştur. Her genotip 30 saksıya ekilmiştir. Bitkiler çiçeklenme zamanına geldiğinde geleneksel kontrollü tozlama yöntemi (kontrol) ve geliştirilen yeni yöntemle de 4×4 yarım diallel melez seti (test) oluşturulmuştur. Tek tohum ağırlığı, protein oranı ve yağ oranı için kombinasyon yeteneği ve polen etkisi hesaplamaları yapılmış ve tozlama yöntemlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Oluşturulan setlerin tohumlarında protein bant analizlerine dayalı olarak genotip setlerinin benzerlik ve farklılıkları incelenmiştir. Yapılan varyans analizine göre genotip, tozlama ve genotip × tozlama etkileşiminin incelenen özelliklerdeki değişimde etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Kombinasyon yeteneği hesaplamalarına göre ebeveyn genotiplere ait genel kombinasyon yeteneğinin farklı tozlama yöntemlerinde önemli bir değişim göstermediği, buna karşın özel kombinasyon hesaplamalarına dayalı sonuçların önemli farklılıklar gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Polen etkisi hesaplamalarında da benzer sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Hibritler için özel kombinasyon yeteneği ve polen etkisi hesaplamalarının yeni geliştirilen yöntemde daha sağlıklı sonuç verdiği değerlendirilmiştir. Protein bant analizlerinde ebeveynler dışında hibrit genotiplerin farklı tozlama yöntemlerine ait örneklerin kümeleme analizine dayalı sınıflamalarında değişiklikler görülmüştür. Bu durum tozlama yöntemine bağlı olarak protein bant dizilerinin değişebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Supporting Institution

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimince Desteklenmiştir.

Project Number

FHD-2020-3383

References

  • Bulant, C., Gallais, A., Matthys-Rochon, E., Prıoul, J.L. 2000. Xenia effects in maize with normal endosperm: II. kernel growth and enzyme activities during grain filling. Crop Science, 40:182-189.
  • CRA 2011a. Corn Refiners Association Method PROTE-01, Protein (Kjeldahl). Standard Analytical Methods of the Member Companies of the Corn Refiners Association, Inc
  • CRA 2011b. Corn Refiners Association Method FATCR-01, Fat, Crude Hexane (Extractables). Standard Analytical Methods of the Member Companies of the Corn Refiners Association, Inc .
  • Dado, R.G. 1999. Nutritional benefits of specialty corn grain hybrids in dairy diets. J Anim Sci., 77: 197-207.
  • Egesel, C.Ö., Kahriman, F., Çorbacıoğlu, N. 2013. Mısırda endosperm protein oranı ve protein fraksiyonlarının değişiminde ebeveyn ve generasyonların etkisi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28, 150-156.
  • Focke W. O. 1881. Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge: Ein Beitrag zur Biologie der Gewächse. Borntraeger, Berlin, Germany, p. 510-518.
  • Galili, T. 2015. dendextend: an R package for visualizing, adjusting, and comparing trees of hierarchical clustering. Bioinformatics.<doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv428>
  • Holding, D.R., Larkins, B.A. 2009. Zein Storage Proteins, In: Molecular Genetic Approaches to Maize Improvement”, Kriz, Alan L. and Larkins, Brian A., 269-286, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Ilarslan, R., Kaya, Z., Tolun, A.A., Bretting, P.K. 2001. Genetic variability among Turkish pop, flint and dent corn (Zea mays L. spp. mays) races: Enzyme polymorphism. Euphytica, 122:171-79.
  • Iqbal, J., Shinvari, Z.K., Rabbai, M.A. 2014. Investigation of total seed storage proteins of Pakistani and Japanese maize (zea mays L.) through SDS-PAGE markers. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 46(3):817-822.
  • Kahrıman F., Egesel C.Ö., Aydın T., Subaşı S. 2015. The role of artificial pollination and pollen effect on ear development and kernel structure of different maize genotypes. Journal of Pollination Ecology, 15:6-14.
  • Kahriman F. 2016. Mısırda Polen Etkisi ve Bu Etkinin Kontrolünde Uygulanan Yöntemler. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrükhen.
  • Kahrıman, F., Serment, M., Haslak, M., Kang, M.S. 2017. Pollen effect (Xenia) for evaluating breeding materials in maize. Genetika-Belgrade, 49:1, 217-234.
  • Kahriman F., Yildirim M., Pınar G., Zekai E., Egesel C.Ö. 2018. Comparison of open and hand pollination methods on combining ability values for kernel quality traits in a maize diallel experiment. COMU Journal of Agriculture Faculty, 6:47-56.
  • Kahriman F. 2020. BAFR: R programı ile bitki ıslahı denemelerinin analizi için geliştirilmiş bir paket ve web uygulaması. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 7:1-9.
  • Khan, A.H., Khan, N., Minhas, N.M., Ghafoor, A., Rabbani, M.A. 2014. Diversity in seed storage proteins in maize genetic resources: I. variation in alcohol soluble zein protein fraction. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16:1015‒1018.
  • Kiesselbach, T.A. 1999. The significance of xenia effects on kernel weight of corn, research bulletin (University of Nebraska), Agricultural Experimental Station, 191.
  • Letchwort, M.B., Lambert, R.J. 1998. Pollen parent effects on oil, protein, and starch concentration in maize kernels. Crop Science, 38: 363–367.
  • Melchinger, A. E., Schipprack, W., Friedrich, H.U., Mirdita, V. 2014. In vivo haploid induction in maize: identification of haploid seeds by their oil content. Crop Science, 54(4):1497-1504.
  • Motto, M., Hartings, H., Fracassetti, M., Consonni, G. 2011. Grain quality-related raits in maize: gene identification and exploitation. Maydica, 56:291-314.
  • Murray, L.W., Ray, I.M., Dong, H., Segovia-Lerma, A. 2003. Clarification and reevaluation of population-based diallel analyses: Gardner and Eberhart Analyses II and III revisited. Crop Science, 43: 1930-1937.
  • Nduwumuremyi, A., Tongoona, P., Habimana, S. 2013. Mating designs: helpful tool for quantitative plant breeding analysis. Journal of Plant Breeding Genetics, 1(3). 117-129.
  • Paradis, E. ve Schliep K. 2018. “ape 5.0: an environment for modern phylogenetics and evolutionary analyses in R. Bioinformatics, 35:526-528.
  • R Core Team 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/
  • Spalekova, A. ve Galova, Z. 2018. Comparison of American and European maize (Zea mays L.) protein profiles. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 9(2):453-465.
  • Sprague, G.F. ve Tatum, L.A. 1942. General versus specific combining ability in single crosses of corn. J Am. Soc. Agron., 34: 923-932.
  • Ünlü, E., Mutlu, E., Polat, M., Çeri, S., Kahriman, F. 2018. Diversity among Turkish maize landraces based on protein band analyses and kernel biochemical properties. Journal of Crop Improvement, 32:175-187.
  • Vivodík, M., Petrovičová, L., Balážová, Ž., Gálová, Z. 2017. Genetic variation of maize genotypes (Zea mays L.) detected using SDS-PAGE. Agrobiodiversity, 1:11-24.
  • Wang, H.-W., Hu, H.-X., Song, T.-M., Chen, S.-J. 2012. Seed traits evaluation from long-term selection of kernel oil concentration in a high-oil maize population KYHO. Can. J. Plant Sci., 92: 857–866.
  • Weingartner, U., Prest, T.J. Camp, K-H., Stamp, P. 2002. The plus-hybrid system a method to increase grain yield by combined cytoplasmic male sterility and xenia. Maydica, 47: 127-134.
  • Yıldırım, M.B, Öztürk, A. İkiz, F, Püskülcü, H. 1979. Bitki Islahında İstatistik-Genetik Yöntemler. Ege Bölge Zirai Araştırma Enstitüsü. Menemen, Yayın No: 14.
  • Zhang, Y., Kang, M.S., Lamkey, K.R. 2005. DIALLELSAS05: A comprehensive program for Griffing’s and Gardner–Eberhart analyses. Agronomy Journal, 97:1097–1106.

Development of New Apparatus and Method for Generatıon Full-Sib Populations and Evaluation Pollen Effect in Maize

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 802 - 812, 23.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1027692

Abstract

This study was aimed to develop a new pollination method to examine the pollen effect (xenia) in maize. Four different genotypes differing in kernel color and kernel content were used as plant material. The experiment was established in the greenhouse of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Production Application and Research Unit in September 2020, by the randomized block design. Each genotype was planted in 30 pots. When the plants were at the time of flowering, the traditional controlled pollination method (control) and newly developed methods were applied to develop a 4×4 half diallel set (test). Combining ability and pollen effect calculations were made for single seed weight, protein content and oil content to compareof the results obtained from pollination methods. The similarities and differences of the genotype sets were examined based on protein band analysis in the seeds of the generated sets. According to the analysis of variance, it was determined that genotype, pollination and genotype × pollination interaction were important on the change in the investigated traid. According to the combining ability calculations, it was understood that the general combining abilities of the parent genotypes did not show a significant change in different pollination methods, whereas the results based on the specific combining abilities showed significant differences according to pollination method used. Similar results were obtained in the pollen effect calculations. It has been evaluated that specific combining ability and pollen effect calculations for hybrids give more robust results in the newly developed method. In protein band analyzes, changes were observed in the classification of hybrid genotypes based on cluster analysis of samples belonging to different pollination methods, except for the parents. This revealed that the protein bands could vary depending on the pollination method in maize

Project Number

FHD-2020-3383

References

  • Bulant, C., Gallais, A., Matthys-Rochon, E., Prıoul, J.L. 2000. Xenia effects in maize with normal endosperm: II. kernel growth and enzyme activities during grain filling. Crop Science, 40:182-189.
  • CRA 2011a. Corn Refiners Association Method PROTE-01, Protein (Kjeldahl). Standard Analytical Methods of the Member Companies of the Corn Refiners Association, Inc
  • CRA 2011b. Corn Refiners Association Method FATCR-01, Fat, Crude Hexane (Extractables). Standard Analytical Methods of the Member Companies of the Corn Refiners Association, Inc .
  • Dado, R.G. 1999. Nutritional benefits of specialty corn grain hybrids in dairy diets. J Anim Sci., 77: 197-207.
  • Egesel, C.Ö., Kahriman, F., Çorbacıoğlu, N. 2013. Mısırda endosperm protein oranı ve protein fraksiyonlarının değişiminde ebeveyn ve generasyonların etkisi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 28, 150-156.
  • Focke W. O. 1881. Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge: Ein Beitrag zur Biologie der Gewächse. Borntraeger, Berlin, Germany, p. 510-518.
  • Galili, T. 2015. dendextend: an R package for visualizing, adjusting, and comparing trees of hierarchical clustering. Bioinformatics.<doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv428>
  • Holding, D.R., Larkins, B.A. 2009. Zein Storage Proteins, In: Molecular Genetic Approaches to Maize Improvement”, Kriz, Alan L. and Larkins, Brian A., 269-286, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Ilarslan, R., Kaya, Z., Tolun, A.A., Bretting, P.K. 2001. Genetic variability among Turkish pop, flint and dent corn (Zea mays L. spp. mays) races: Enzyme polymorphism. Euphytica, 122:171-79.
  • Iqbal, J., Shinvari, Z.K., Rabbai, M.A. 2014. Investigation of total seed storage proteins of Pakistani and Japanese maize (zea mays L.) through SDS-PAGE markers. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 46(3):817-822.
  • Kahrıman F., Egesel C.Ö., Aydın T., Subaşı S. 2015. The role of artificial pollination and pollen effect on ear development and kernel structure of different maize genotypes. Journal of Pollination Ecology, 15:6-14.
  • Kahriman F. 2016. Mısırda Polen Etkisi ve Bu Etkinin Kontrolünde Uygulanan Yöntemler. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrükhen.
  • Kahrıman, F., Serment, M., Haslak, M., Kang, M.S. 2017. Pollen effect (Xenia) for evaluating breeding materials in maize. Genetika-Belgrade, 49:1, 217-234.
  • Kahriman F., Yildirim M., Pınar G., Zekai E., Egesel C.Ö. 2018. Comparison of open and hand pollination methods on combining ability values for kernel quality traits in a maize diallel experiment. COMU Journal of Agriculture Faculty, 6:47-56.
  • Kahriman F. 2020. BAFR: R programı ile bitki ıslahı denemelerinin analizi için geliştirilmiş bir paket ve web uygulaması. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 7:1-9.
  • Khan, A.H., Khan, N., Minhas, N.M., Ghafoor, A., Rabbani, M.A. 2014. Diversity in seed storage proteins in maize genetic resources: I. variation in alcohol soluble zein protein fraction. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16:1015‒1018.
  • Kiesselbach, T.A. 1999. The significance of xenia effects on kernel weight of corn, research bulletin (University of Nebraska), Agricultural Experimental Station, 191.
  • Letchwort, M.B., Lambert, R.J. 1998. Pollen parent effects on oil, protein, and starch concentration in maize kernels. Crop Science, 38: 363–367.
  • Melchinger, A. E., Schipprack, W., Friedrich, H.U., Mirdita, V. 2014. In vivo haploid induction in maize: identification of haploid seeds by their oil content. Crop Science, 54(4):1497-1504.
  • Motto, M., Hartings, H., Fracassetti, M., Consonni, G. 2011. Grain quality-related raits in maize: gene identification and exploitation. Maydica, 56:291-314.
  • Murray, L.W., Ray, I.M., Dong, H., Segovia-Lerma, A. 2003. Clarification and reevaluation of population-based diallel analyses: Gardner and Eberhart Analyses II and III revisited. Crop Science, 43: 1930-1937.
  • Nduwumuremyi, A., Tongoona, P., Habimana, S. 2013. Mating designs: helpful tool for quantitative plant breeding analysis. Journal of Plant Breeding Genetics, 1(3). 117-129.
  • Paradis, E. ve Schliep K. 2018. “ape 5.0: an environment for modern phylogenetics and evolutionary analyses in R. Bioinformatics, 35:526-528.
  • R Core Team 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/
  • Spalekova, A. ve Galova, Z. 2018. Comparison of American and European maize (Zea mays L.) protein profiles. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 9(2):453-465.
  • Sprague, G.F. ve Tatum, L.A. 1942. General versus specific combining ability in single crosses of corn. J Am. Soc. Agron., 34: 923-932.
  • Ünlü, E., Mutlu, E., Polat, M., Çeri, S., Kahriman, F. 2018. Diversity among Turkish maize landraces based on protein band analyses and kernel biochemical properties. Journal of Crop Improvement, 32:175-187.
  • Vivodík, M., Petrovičová, L., Balážová, Ž., Gálová, Z. 2017. Genetic variation of maize genotypes (Zea mays L.) detected using SDS-PAGE. Agrobiodiversity, 1:11-24.
  • Wang, H.-W., Hu, H.-X., Song, T.-M., Chen, S.-J. 2012. Seed traits evaluation from long-term selection of kernel oil concentration in a high-oil maize population KYHO. Can. J. Plant Sci., 92: 857–866.
  • Weingartner, U., Prest, T.J. Camp, K-H., Stamp, P. 2002. The plus-hybrid system a method to increase grain yield by combined cytoplasmic male sterility and xenia. Maydica, 47: 127-134.
  • Yıldırım, M.B, Öztürk, A. İkiz, F, Püskülcü, H. 1979. Bitki Islahında İstatistik-Genetik Yöntemler. Ege Bölge Zirai Araştırma Enstitüsü. Menemen, Yayın No: 14.
  • Zhang, Y., Kang, M.S., Lamkey, K.R. 2005. DIALLELSAS05: A comprehensive program for Griffing’s and Gardner–Eberhart analyses. Agronomy Journal, 97:1097–1106.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatih Kahrıman 0000-0001-6944-0512

Project Number FHD-2020-3383
Publication Date July 23, 2022
Submission Date November 23, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kahrıman, F. (2022). Mısırda Tam Kardeş Popülasyonların Oluşturulması ve Polen Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi için Yeni Bir Tozlama Aparatı ve Yöntemin Geliştirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 9(3), 802-812. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1027692