Gıda Atığı Kompostu ile Kimyasal Gübre Uygulamasının Marul ve Ispanak Yetiştirilen Vertisol Grubu Toprakların Verimliliğine Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 396 - 408, 30.04.2024

Serhat Gürel

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1433803

Abstract

Gıda atığı kompostunun (GAK) kimyasal gübreyle beraber ve ayrı uygulanmasının toprak verimliliği üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre sera koşullarında, 2 kimyasal gübre uygulaması (kimyasal gübreli ve gübresiz), 1 kompost materyali (gıda atığı kompostu), 4 farklı doz (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 gr kg-1) ve 3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Kimyasal gübre olarak 15 kg saf azot (N) da-1 için 15-15-15 NPK (N:P2O5:K2O) gübresi 2 t da-1 olacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. Genel olarak, GAK uygulamaları toprakların verimlilik parametrelerini ve bitki besin elementi içeriklerini artırmıştır. Hem marul hem de ıspanak deneme sonuçlarının ortalamaları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde; toprağın elektriksel iletkenliğini (EC) %57.21, organik maddeyi (OM) % 61.23, toplam N’yi %48.35 oranında artırdığı ve toprak reaksiyonunu (pH) %3.29 oranında düşürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Toprağa GAK + NPK eklendiğinde ise, toprağın EC'sini %76.85, OM'yi % 72.35, toplam N'yi %56.25 ve alınabilir çinkoyu (Zn) % 29.19 oranında artırdığı, toprak pH'ını da % 4.66 oranında azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlardan farklı olarak; GAK tek başına uygulandığında marul bitkisinin bulunduğu topraklarda alınabilir fosfordaki (P) artış % 67.63, GAK+NPK uygulamasında artışı % 47.14 gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu parametrelerin en yüksek değerleri GAK ilavesinin 32 g kg-1 dozunda elde edilmiştir. GAK’nin toprağa uygulanması, toprağın pH'ını düşürmüş ve EC’yi arttırmıştır. GAK uygulamasıyla birlikte toprağın OM içeriği olmak üzere toplam N, ve yarayışlı P ile Zn, bakır (Cu) ve mangan (Mn) gibi bazı mikro element içeriğinde artış görülmüştür.

Keywords

kompost, gıda atığı, vertisol, toprak verimliliği, marul, ıspanak

Ethical Statement

Gıda Atığı Kompostu ile Kimyasal Gübre Uygulamasının Marul ve Ispanak Yetiştirilen Vertisol Grubu Toprakların Verimliliğine Etkileri isimli araştırma, hayvan deneyleri, anket, mülakat, odak grup çalışması vb. çalışmaları içermediği için Etik kurul Onayı gerekmemektedir

Supporting Institution

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Fonu

Project Number

FHIZ-2022/835

Thanks

Araştırma Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Fonu tarafından desteklenmiştir. Yardım ve desteğinden ötürü birimimize teşekkür ederim.

Effects of Food Waste Compost and Chemical Fertilizer Application on the Fertility of Vertisol Group Soils Growing Lettuce and Spinach

Abstract

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of applying food waste compost (FWC) on soil fertility. The experiment was carried out according to the random plot design in greenhouse conditions, with 2 chemical fertilizer applications (with and without chemical fertilizer), 1 compost material, 5 different doses (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g kg-1) and 3 replications was carried out in such a way that. As chemical fertilizer, 15-15-15 NPK (N:P2O5:K2O) fertilizer was applied at 2 t da-1. In general, applications increased the fertility parameters and plant nutrient contents of soils. When the averages of both lettuce and spinach trial results are evaluated together; It was determined that it increased the EC of the soil by 57.21%, OM by 61.23%, total N by 48.35% and decreased pH by 3.29%. It was determined that when FWC + NPK was added to the soil, it increased the soil EC by 76.85%, OM by 72.35%, total N by 56.25% and available Zn by 29.19%, and decreased pH by 4.66%. Unlike these results; When FWC was applied alone, the increase in available P in the soil where lettuce plants were located was 67.63%, and in GAK + NPK application, the increase was 47.14%. The highest values of these parameters were obtained at the dose of 32 g kg-1 of FWC supplementation. Application of FWC to soil decreased soil pH and increased EC.

Keywords

compost, food waste, vertisols, soil fertility, lettuce, spinach

Project Number

FHIZ-2022/835

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