Research Article
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INVESTIGATION OF MITIGATING EFFECT OF THE PARKS ON AIR POLLUTION IN THE CASE OF CORUM

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 401 - 407, 31.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.917787

Abstract

Currently, air pollution has been one of the most important environmental problems with its negative impacts on human health and life. The precautions that can be taken against air pollution is very crucial particularly in urban areas with dense human population. It has been known that tree and bush cover as a regulating ecosystem service can increase air quality. In this study, I investigated the amount of air pollutants that are removed from the air by trees and bushes using i-Tree Canopy in Bahcelievler, a 1643 ha district of Corum, a city that is suffering from dense air pollution. The results showed that only % 14.8 of the land is covered by the trees and bushes in the study area. They remove annually 2.6 ton PM10 (particles smaller than 10 µ and bigger than 2.5 µ), 379 kg PM2.5 (particles smaller than 2.5 µ), 7.8 ton O3, 783 kg NO2, 494 kg SO2, 144 kg CO from the air. I underlined the importance of current parks and the necessity of extra green spaces for the cities in which dispersion of the air pollutants is difficult because of the topography such as Corum.

References

  • Ashmore, M. R. (2005). Assessing the future global impacts of ozone on vegetation. Plant, Cell & Environment, 28(8), 949–964. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01341.x
  • Chen, B., Hong, C., & Kan, H. (2004). Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China. Toxicology, 198(1), 291–300. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.005
  • Chen, B., & Kan, H. (2008). Air pollution and population health: a global challenge. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 13(2), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12199-007-0018-5
  • Costanza, R., D’Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., … van den Belt, M. (1997). The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387(6630), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
  • Çakmak, M.H., & Can, M. (2020) Mamak ilçesinin (Ankara) hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinin hesaplanması. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 4(2), 141-149.
  • Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. Türkiye Çevre Sorunları ve Öncelikleri Değerlendirme Raporu.(2019). https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/icerikler/2017-cevre-sorunlari-ve-oncel-kler--20190628084520.pdf/ Accessed 21.03.20.
  • Ersoy Tonyaloğlu, E., Kesgin Atak, B., & Yiğit, M. (2021). Düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinden hava kalitesinin Efeler -Aydın örneğinde incelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.867541
  • IQAir. 2020 World Air Quality Report. (2021). https://www.iqair.com/blog/press-releases/covid-19-reduces-air-pollution-in-most-countries/ Accessed 21.04.21.
  • James, P., Banay, R. F., Hart, J. E., & Laden, F. (2015). A Review of the Health Benefits of Greenness. Current Epidemiology Reports, 2(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-015-0043-7
  • Hirabayashi, S. (2014). I-Tree Canopy air pollutant removal and monetary value model descriptions.https://www.itreetools.org/documents/560/i-Tree_Canopy_Air_Pollutant_Removal_and_Monetary_Value_Model_Descriptions.pdf/ Accessed 01.08.21
  • Katsouyanni, K. (2003). Ambient air pollution and health. British Medical Bulletin, 68(1), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldg028
  • Mayer, H. (1999). Air pollution in cities. Atmospheric Environment, 33(24), 4029–4037. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00144-2
  • Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Ecosystems and human well-being: biodiversity synthesis, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Island Press, Washington, DC.
  • Neidell, M. J. (2004). Air pollution, health, and socio-economic status: the effect of outdoor air quality on childhood asthma. Journal of Health Economics, 23(6), 1209–1236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.05.002
  • Nowak, D. J. (1994). Air pollution removal by Chicago’s urban forest. In: E.G. McPherson, Nowak, D.J., & Rowntree, R.A. (Eds.), Chicago’s Urban Forest Ecosystem: Results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. (pp. 63–81). USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NE-186 Radnor, PA.
  • Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E., & Stevens, J. C. (2006). Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 4(3), 115–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2006.01.007
  • Ochoa-Hueso, R., Munzi, S., Alonso, R., Arróniz-Crespo, M., Avila, A., Bermejo, V., … Theobald, M. R. (2017). Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: Current research and future directions. Environmental Pollution, 227, 194–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.062
  • Parmehr, E.G., Amati, M., Taylor, E.J,. & Livesley, S.J. (2016). Estimation of urban tree canopy cover using random point sampling and remote sensing methods. Urban for Urban Green, 20, 160–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.08.011
  • Temizhavahakki. Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirliliği ve Sağlık Etkileri. (2020). https://www.temizhavahakki.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Kara-Rapor-2020-Son27082020.pdf/ Accessed 21.03.15.
  • USDA. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, i-Tree Tools, i-Tree Canopy. (2021). https://canopy.itreetools.org/ Accessed 21.02.21. Yang, J., Chang, Y., & Yan, P. (2015). Ranking the suitability of common urban tree species for controlling PM2.5 pollution. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 6, 267–277.

PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 401 - 407, 31.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.917787

Abstract

Günümüzde hava kirliği, insan sağlığı ve yaşamına olumsuz etkileri ile en önemli çevre sorunlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Özellikle yoğun insan yerleşiminin olduğu kentsel alanlarda hava kirliliğinin azaltılması ile ilgili olarak alınabilecek önlemler büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ağaç ve çalı örtüsünün düzenleyici ekosistem servislerinden biri olarak hava kalitesini arttırdığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yoğun hava kirliliğinin görüldüğü bir şehir olan Çorum’da, 1643 ha alana sahip Bahçelievler Mahallesinde, ağaç ve çalıların çeşitli kirleticileri havadan uzaklaştırma miktarları i-Tree Canopy aracı kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, çalışma alanının sadece % 14.8’inin ağaç ve çalı örtüsü ile kaplı olduğunu ve bu alanların yılda yaklaşık 2.6 ton PM10 (10 µ’den küçük, 2.5 µ’den büyük parçacıklar), 379 kg PM2.5 (2.5 µ’den küçük parçacıklar), 7.8 ton O3, 783 kg NO2, 494 kg SO2, 144 kg CO’ i havadan uzaklaştırdığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışma ile yeryüzü şekilleri ile ilişkili olarak havada biriken kirleticilerin dağılmasının güç olduğu Çorum gibi illerde park ve bahçelerin varlığının önemi ve yeni yeşil alanların oluşturulmasının gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır.

References

  • Ashmore, M. R. (2005). Assessing the future global impacts of ozone on vegetation. Plant, Cell & Environment, 28(8), 949–964. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01341.x
  • Chen, B., Hong, C., & Kan, H. (2004). Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China. Toxicology, 198(1), 291–300. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.005
  • Chen, B., & Kan, H. (2008). Air pollution and population health: a global challenge. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 13(2), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12199-007-0018-5
  • Costanza, R., D’Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., … van den Belt, M. (1997). The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387(6630), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
  • Çakmak, M.H., & Can, M. (2020) Mamak ilçesinin (Ankara) hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinin hesaplanması. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 4(2), 141-149.
  • Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. Türkiye Çevre Sorunları ve Öncelikleri Değerlendirme Raporu.(2019). https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/ced/icerikler/2017-cevre-sorunlari-ve-oncel-kler--20190628084520.pdf/ Accessed 21.03.20.
  • Ersoy Tonyaloğlu, E., Kesgin Atak, B., & Yiğit, M. (2021). Düzenleyici ekosistem hizmetlerinden hava kalitesinin Efeler -Aydın örneğinde incelenmesi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 119-125. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.867541
  • IQAir. 2020 World Air Quality Report. (2021). https://www.iqair.com/blog/press-releases/covid-19-reduces-air-pollution-in-most-countries/ Accessed 21.04.21.
  • James, P., Banay, R. F., Hart, J. E., & Laden, F. (2015). A Review of the Health Benefits of Greenness. Current Epidemiology Reports, 2(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-015-0043-7
  • Hirabayashi, S. (2014). I-Tree Canopy air pollutant removal and monetary value model descriptions.https://www.itreetools.org/documents/560/i-Tree_Canopy_Air_Pollutant_Removal_and_Monetary_Value_Model_Descriptions.pdf/ Accessed 01.08.21
  • Katsouyanni, K. (2003). Ambient air pollution and health. British Medical Bulletin, 68(1), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldg028
  • Mayer, H. (1999). Air pollution in cities. Atmospheric Environment, 33(24), 4029–4037. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00144-2
  • Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Ecosystems and human well-being: biodiversity synthesis, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Island Press, Washington, DC.
  • Neidell, M. J. (2004). Air pollution, health, and socio-economic status: the effect of outdoor air quality on childhood asthma. Journal of Health Economics, 23(6), 1209–1236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.05.002
  • Nowak, D. J. (1994). Air pollution removal by Chicago’s urban forest. In: E.G. McPherson, Nowak, D.J., & Rowntree, R.A. (Eds.), Chicago’s Urban Forest Ecosystem: Results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. (pp. 63–81). USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NE-186 Radnor, PA.
  • Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E., & Stevens, J. C. (2006). Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 4(3), 115–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2006.01.007
  • Ochoa-Hueso, R., Munzi, S., Alonso, R., Arróniz-Crespo, M., Avila, A., Bermejo, V., … Theobald, M. R. (2017). Ecological impacts of atmospheric pollution and interactions with climate change in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mediterranean Basin: Current research and future directions. Environmental Pollution, 227, 194–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.062
  • Parmehr, E.G., Amati, M., Taylor, E.J,. & Livesley, S.J. (2016). Estimation of urban tree canopy cover using random point sampling and remote sensing methods. Urban for Urban Green, 20, 160–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.08.011
  • Temizhavahakki. Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirliliği ve Sağlık Etkileri. (2020). https://www.temizhavahakki.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Kara-Rapor-2020-Son27082020.pdf/ Accessed 21.03.15.
  • USDA. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, i-Tree Tools, i-Tree Canopy. (2021). https://canopy.itreetools.org/ Accessed 21.02.21. Yang, J., Chang, Y., & Yan, P. (2015). Ranking the suitability of common urban tree species for controlling PM2.5 pollution. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 6, 267–277.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environmental Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Necmiye Şahin Arslan 0000-0002-3810-2219

Publication Date October 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şahin Arslan, N. (2021). PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 5(2), 401-407. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.917787
AMA Şahin Arslan N. PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. October 2021;5(2):401-407. doi:10.32328/turkjforsci.917787
Chicago Şahin Arslan, Necmiye. “PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5, no. 2 (October 2021): 401-7. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.917787.
EndNote Şahin Arslan N (October 1, 2021) PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5 2 401–407.
IEEE N. Şahin Arslan, “PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ”, Turk J For Sci, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 401–407, 2021, doi: 10.32328/turkjforsci.917787.
ISNAD Şahin Arslan, Necmiye. “PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science 5/2 (October 2021), 401-407. https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.917787.
JAMA Şahin Arslan N. PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. 2021;5:401–407.
MLA Şahin Arslan, Necmiye. “PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ”. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, vol. 5, no. 2, 2021, pp. 401-7, doi:10.32328/turkjforsci.917787.
Vancouver Şahin Arslan N. PARKLARIN HAVA KİRLİĞİNİ AZALTICI ETKİSİNİN ÇORUM ÖRNEĞİNDE İNCELENMESİ. Turk J For Sci. 2021;5(2):401-7.