AHŞAP SANDVİÇ PANEL ÇEKİRDEK MALZEMELERİ: ORGANİK VE İNORGANİK PARÇACIKLARLA DOLGULU RİJİD POLİÜRETAN (PU) KOMPOZİTLER

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 18 - 31, 30.04.2024

Süheyla Esin Köksal , Orhan Kelleci

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, poliüretan ahşap tutkalına buğday unu (WF), saten yüzey bitirme sıvası (AL) ve üre formaldehit (UF) ilave edilerek poliüretan (PU) köpük kompozit üretilmiştir. Ahşap sandviç panellerin çekirdek katmanında kullanılabilecek, suya dayanıklı, vida tutma kuvveti yüksek, hafif ve sert PU köpük kompozitin üretilmesi çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla PU'ya belirli oranlarda dolgu maddeleri eklenmiş ve numuneler mekanik olarak karıştırılarak köpürtülmüştür. Köpürme süresi yaklaşık 30 dakika sürmüştür. İlk 15 dakikada köpüğün karıştırılmasıyla köpük hacmi başlangıç seviyesine getirilmiştir. Sonraki 15 dakika boyunca köpüklenme devam etmiştir. Numuneler 2 saat ve 24 saat suda bekletilerek ilgili standartlara göre şişme (TS) ve su emme (WA) miktarları analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca ilgili standarda göre vida tutma kuvvetleri (SR) analiz edilerek numunelerin mekanik karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre WF ilavesinin numunelerin yoğunluğunu, su emmesini ve şişmesini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu olumsuz bir olaydır. Ancak bu artış yonga levha standart sınırlarını aşmamıştır. Öte yandan WF ilavesi numunelerin SR kuvvetlerini arttırmıştır. UF ilavesi, WF ilavesiyle birlikte kullanıldığında SR mukavemetinde önemli bir değişiklik yaratmamış, ancak UF, AL ile birlikte kullanıldığında SR gücünü önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. Sonuç olarak PU köpüklere çeşitli dolgu maddeleri ilave edilerek daha sert bir yapı kazandırılabilir. Bu sayede vida tutma direnci artırılarak ahşap sandviç panellerin çekirdek katmanlarında kullanılabilmektedir. Böylece orman kaynaklarının korunmasına dolaylı olarak katkı sağlanmaktadır.

Keywords

Ahşap sandviç panel, vida çekme, çekirdek katman, poliüretan, köpükler

WOOD SANDWICH PANEL CORE MATERIALS: RIGID POLYURETHANE (PU) COMPOSITES FILLED WITH ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARTICLES

Abstract

In this study, polyurethane (PU) foam composite was produced by adding wheat flour (WF), satin surface finishing plaster (AL) and urea formaldehyde (UF) into polyurethane wood glue. In this study, it is aimed to produce water resistant, high screw holding force and light weight and rigid PU foam composite that can be used in the core layer of wooden sandwich panels. For this purpose, the fillers were added to the PU in certain proportions and the samples were foamed by mechanical mixing. The foaming time lasted approximately 30 minutes. The foam volume was brought to its initial level by mixing the foam in the first 15 minutes. Foaming continued in the next 15 minutes. Samples were kept in water for 2 hours and 24 hours and their thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA) amounts were analyzed according to the relevant standards. In addition, the mechanical characterization of the samples was carried out by analyzing the screw withdrawal strength (SR) according to the relevant standard. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the addition of WF increased the densities, water absorption and swelling of the samples. This is a negative event. However, this increase did not exceed the particleboard standard limits. On the other hand, the addition of WF increased the SR forces of the samples. The addition of UF did not make a significant change in the SR strength when used with the addition of WF. However, UF significantly reduced the SR strength when used with AL. As a result, PU foams can be given a more rigid structure by using various fillers. In this way, the screw holding resistance can be increased and it can be used in the core layers of wooden sandwich panels. Thus, it indirectly contributes to the protection of forest resources.

Keywords

Wood sandwich panel, screw withdrawal, core layer, polyurethane, foams

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