MICROMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES (ACHENE / CYPSELA) ON SELECTED ASTERACEAE TAXA NATIVE TO TÜRKİYE
Year 2024,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 218 - 229, 31.10.2024
Alper Uzun
,
Seyran Palabaş Uzun
Abstract
With this study fruit width-length measurements, weights and surface morphologies of some taxa belonging to Asteraceae family distributed in Türkiye were studied. The aim of the study was to reveal the fruit morphological characteristics and differences between the taxa of Tragopogon buphthalmoides, Dittrichia viscosa, Dittrichia graveolens, Tripleurospermum caucasicum, Kemulariella caucasica, Leontodon hispidus subsp. hispidus, Jurinea consanguinea and Jurinea moschus. Widths and lengths of the fruits were measured with Leica EZ4 microscope and digital caliper. Fruit weights were weighted out with Dikomsan precision scales. The stereomicroscope to determine the morphological characteristics of the fruits was also used. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in USKIM (Center for University and Industry Collaboration) was used to determine the surface morphology of the fruits. The smallest fruits were determined in Dittrichia graveolens (0.40 mm wide and 1.23 mm long), while the largest fruits were determined in Tragopogon buphthalmoides (25.88 mm long and 1.62 mm wide). The heaviest fruits were measured in Jurinea consanguinea (0.0065 gr) and the slightest fruits in Dittrichia graveolens (0.000062 gr) taxa.
Ethical Statement
This study does not require any ethics committee approval.
Supporting Institution
The study received no financial support.
Thanks
Authors thank to staff of USKIM Central Laboratory (Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University) for taking the micrographs of the fruits.
References
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- Brullo, S., & de Marco, G. (2000). Taxonomical revision of the genus Dittrichia (Asteraceae). Portugaliae Acta Biologica, 19(1), 341-354.
- Coşkunçelebi, K., & Gültepe, M. (2012). Tragopogon L. In: Güner A, (Ed). A Checklist of the Flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants) (211-212) İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları.
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- İnceer, H., Bal, M., Ceter, T., & Pinar, N.M. (2012). Fruit structure of 12 Turkish endemic Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) taxa and its taxonomic implications. Plant systematics and evolution, 298, 845-855.
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- Zarre, S., Darzi, R., Maasoumi, A.A., & Kazempour-Osaloo, S. (2024). Seed Morphology of Astragalus (Fabaceae. Astragaleae) and Its Systematic Implication: An Effort Towards a Standard Terminology. Authorea, March 13. 2024. DOI: 10.22541/au.171033028. 89871498/v1
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TÜRKİYE İÇİN DOĞAL, BAZI ASTERACEAE TAKSONLARI ÜZERİNDE MİKROMORFOLOJİK ARAŞTIRMALAR (AKEN / SİPSELA)
Year 2024,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 218 - 229, 31.10.2024
Alper Uzun
,
Seyran Palabaş Uzun
Abstract
Bu çalışma ile Türkiye'de yayılış gösteren Asteraceae familyasına ait bazı taksonların meyve en-boy ölçümleri, ağırlıkları ve yüzey morfolojileri çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada; Tragopogon buphthalmoides, Dittrichia viscosa, Dittrichia graveolens, Tripleurospermum caucasicum, Kemulariella caucasica, Leontodon hispidus subsp. hispidus, Jurinea consanguinea ve Jurinea moschus taksonlarına ait meyve morfolojik özellikleri ve birbirleri arasındaki farklılıkları ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Meyvelerin en ve boyları Leica EZ4 mikroskop ve dijital kumpas kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Dikomsan hassas terazi ile meyvelerin ağırlıkları tartılmıştır. Meyvelerin morfolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesine yardımcı olmak için stereomikroskop ile de çalışılmıştır. Meyvelerin yüzey morfolojisinin belirlenmesinde ÜSKİM (Üniversite-Sanayi-Kamu İşbirliği Geliştirme Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi) bünyesinde bulunan Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılmıştır. Çalışılan taksonlar içerisinde en küçük meyveler Dittrichia graveolens taksonunda (1.23 mm uzunluğunda ve 0.40 mm genişliğindedir), en büyük meyveler ise Tragopogon buphthalmoides taksonunda tespit edilmiştir (25.88 mm uzunluğunda ve 1.62 mm genişliğindedir). En ağır meyveler Jurinea consanguinea’da (0.0065 gr.) ve en hafif meyveler Dittrichia graveolens’de (0.000062 gr.) ölçülmüştür.
References
- Abid. R., & Qaiser. M. (2002). Cypsela morphology of Inula L. (s.str.) and its allied genera (Inuleae-Compositae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. Pak. J. Bot., 34(3): 207-223.
- Aslan, S. (2012). Leontodon L. In Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (Eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler)( pp. 182-183). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını.
- Bojnanský, V., & Fargašová, A. (2007). Taxonomy and Morphology of Seeds. In Atlas of seeds and fruits of Central and East-European flora (pp. 1-954) Netherland: Springer.
- Bona, M. (2020). Systematic importance of achene macro‐micromorphological characteristics in selected species of the genera Crupina, Jurinea, and Klasea (Asteraceae) from Turkey. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(11), 1345-1353.
- Brullo, S., & de Marco, G. (2000). Taxonomical revision of the genus Dittrichia (Asteraceae). Portugaliae Acta Biologica, 19(1), 341-354.
- Coşkunçelebi, K., & Gültepe, M. (2012). Tragopogon L. In: Güner A, (Ed). A Checklist of the Flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants) (211-212) İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları.
- Davis, P. H., Cullen, J., & Coode, M. J. E. (Eds.). (1965). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Volume 1 (Vol. 1). Edinburgh University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctvxcrdfg
- Dogan, B., Duran, A., Martin, E., & Hakki, E. (2010). Jurinea turcica (Asteraceae), a new species from North-west Anatolia, Turkey. Biologia, 65(1), 28-32.
- Ekim, T. (2012). Kemulariella. In Bizim bitkiler (2013). <http://www.bizimbitkiler.org.tr>, [Accessed 23.03.2024].
- Fırat, M. (2016). Kemulariella tahirelcii (Asteraceae; Astereae), a new species from Şırnak, Turkey. Phytotaxa, 253(1), 90-96.
- Gabr, D. G. I. (2019). Significance important of fruit character for some Asteraceae species in identification and differentiation level. Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 9:262-270.
- Hussein, H. A., & Eldemerdash, M. M. (2017). Comparative morphology and surface microsculpture of cypsela in some taxa of the Asteraceae and their taxonomic significance. Egyptian Journal of Botany, 56(2), 409-422.
- İnceer, H. (2012). Tripleurospermum. In Bizim bitkiler (2013). http://www.bizimbitkiler.org.tr>, [Accessed 26.03.2024].
- İnceer, H., Bal, M., Ceter, T., & Pinar, N.M. (2012). Fruit structure of 12 Turkish endemic Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) taxa and its taxonomic implications. Plant systematics and evolution, 298, 845-855.
- İnceer, H., & Beyazoglu, O. (2004). Karyological studies in Tripleurospermum (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) from north-east Anatolia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 146(4), 427-438.
- İnceer, H., & Ozcan, M. (2021). Taxonomic evaluations on the anatomical characters of leaf and achene in Turkish Tripleurospermum with its relative Matricaria (Asteraceae). Flora, 275, 151759.
- Jeffrey, C. (2007). Compositae: Introduction with key to tribes. In Kadereit. J. J. W. & Jeffrey. C. (Eds.) Flowering Plants: Eudicots; Asterales (Vol. 8. pp. 61-87). Berlin: Springer Verlag.
- Karanović, D., Zorić, L., Zlatković, B., Boža, P., & Luković, J. (2016). Carpological and receptacular morpho-anatomical characters of Inula, Dittrichia, Limbarda and Pulicaria species (Compositae, Inuleae): Taxonomic implications. Flora, 219, 48-61.
- Matthews, V. A., Kupicha, F. K., & Parris, B. S. (1975). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Volume 5 (P. H. Davis, Ed.; Vol. 5). Edinburgh University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctvxcrgzm
- Sukhorukov, A.P., & Nilova, M. (2015). Carpology of the genus Tragopogon L. (Asteraceae). Phytotaxa, 201(1), 27-49.
- Szukala, A., Korotkova, N., Gruenstaeudl, M., Sennikov, A.N., Lazkov, G.A., Litvinskaya, S.A., ... & von Raab‐Straube, E. (2019). Phylogeny of the Eurasian genus Jurinea (Asteraceae: Cardueae): Support for a monophyletic genus concept and a first hypothesis on overall species relationships. Taxon, 68(1), 112-131.
- Tamamschian, S.G. (1959). Kemulariella Tamamsch. –In: Schischkin, B.K. (ed.) Flora of the USSR, vol. 25. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow & Leningrad, pp. 110-118, 581.
- Thiers, B. (2022). Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. Available at http://sweet gum. nybg. org/ ih (accessed 03.09.2024)
- Yigit, N. (2016). Micromorphological studies on plants and their importance. R. Efe. L. Matchavariani. A. Yaldır. L. Levai. (Eds) Developments in Science and Engineering. ISBN. 978-954.
- Zarre, S., Darzi, R., Maasoumi, A.A., & Kazempour-Osaloo, S. (2024). Seed Morphology of Astragalus (Fabaceae. Astragaleae) and Its Systematic Implication: An Effort Towards a Standard Terminology. Authorea, March 13. 2024. DOI: 10.22541/au.171033028. 89871498/v1
- Zhao, Y., Zhao, F., Paton, A. J., Xiao, J. F., Chen, Y. P., & Xiang, C. L. (2024). Using scanning electron microscopy and molecular data to discover a new species from old herbarium collections: The case of Phlomoideshenryi (Lamiaceae, Lamioideae). PhytoKeys, 238, 127.