Examining Nursing from the Perspective of Needs Paradigm Theorists: A Compilation Study

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 83 - 98, 29.08.2025

Aslı Emine Büyükkasap , Büşra Demir , Sena Kaplan , Gülay Yazıcı

https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.1698226

Öz

Paradigm is a framework that encompasses all the necessary factors such as values, rules, and methods used by scientific communities to solve scientific problems. In nursing, the concept of paradigm first came to prominence following Kuhn's argument that disciplines need to possess a detailed paradigm in order to be considered a "mature science." In general, the term paradigm in nursing refers to a comprehensive framework that includes values, beliefs, laws, principles, theoretical foundations, methodologies, and modes of practice. Nursing theories are classified into interaction, outcome, and need paradigms. The need paradigm includes theories that focus on nurses meeting patients' needs and encompass the hierarchy of needs in nursing. This review aims to contribute to the literature by examining the fundamental nursing concepts, as well as the common and differing aspects, of the theories developed by need paradigm theorists F. Nightingale, F. G. Abdellah, V. Henderson, L. E. Hall, J. Watson, and D. E. Orem.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nursing , Nursing theory , Paradigm , Requirement paradigm

Gereksinim Paradigması Kuramcılarının Perspektifinden Hemşireliğin İncelenmesi: Bir Derleme Çalışması

Öz

Paradigma, bilim topluluklarının bilimsel problemleri çözmek için değerler, kurallar ve yöntem gibi gerekli olan tüm faktörleri içine alan çerçevedir. Hemşirelikte paradigma kavramı ilk olarak Khun’un disiplinlerin “olgun bilim” olarak kabul edilmesi için detaylı bir paradigmaya sahip olması gerektiğini savunması sonucu gündeme gelmiştir. Hemşirelikte paradigma terimi genel olarak, değer, inanç, yasa, prensipler, teorik, metodoloji ve uygulama yollarını içeren kapsamlı bir çerçevenin birleşimidir. Hemşirelik kuramları etkileşim, sonuç ve gereksinim paradigması olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Gereksinim paradigması, hemşirelerin hastaların gereksinimlerini karşılama durumlarını ve hemşireliği gereksinim hiyerarşisini içeren kuramlardır. Bu derlemede gereksinim paradigması kuramcıları olan F. Nightingale, F. G. Abdellah, V. Henderson, L. E. Hall, J. Watson ve D. E. Orem’in kuramlarındaki temel hemşirelik kavramları, kuramlarının ortak ve farklı yönleri incelenerek literatüre katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gereksinim paradigması , Hemşire , Hemşirelik kuramı , Paradigma

Kaynakça

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