Effect of Morphogenetic Variability on Volatile Oil Composition of Immortal Flower (Helichrysum arenarium subsp. rubicundum)

Abstract

In this study aimed to determine the effects of morphogenetic variability on the essential oil composition of immortal flower (Helichrysum arenarium subsp. rubicundum) plants collected from Subaşı village of Köse district of Gümüşhane province, Türkiye. The aromatic components in the essential oil of the plant were determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry device attached with solid phase microextraction. Totally 69 different components were identified. The main components of the volatile oil were methyl p-tert-butylphenylacetate (17.57%), β-caryophyllene (13.42%), undecly alcohol (10.33%), phtyone (9.01%), δ-cadinene (8.89%), ɣ-cadinene (7.74%) and tetradecane (5.64%). Alloaromadendrene (3.24%), α-humulene (3.07%) and caryophyllene oxide (1.79%) were found only in the flower part, acetyl tributyl citrate (3.52%) and α-pinene (1.89%) only in the leaf part and phthyol acetate (4.70%) and tridecylaldehyde (1.26%) only in the stem part. The main reasons for these differences include genetic and ecological factors. Factors such as the use of different organs of the plant (morphogenetic variability) also play an important role. Similarly, the differences in the essential oil ratios and essential oil components of plants are also thought to be due to these factors.

Keywords

• Gümüşhane
• β-caryophyllene
• α-pinene
• aromatic plants
• Helichrysum arenarium

References

1. Anderberg, A.A., 1991. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Tribe Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Opera Botanica, Council for Nordic Publications in Botany, Number: 104, University of Georgia.
2. Asal, A., 2022. Determination of morphogenetic variability in some lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cultivars. PhD Thesis, Harran University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
3. Ayanoğlu, F., Başkaya, Ş., Bahadırlı, N.P., 2016. Morphogenetic and ontogenetic variability in essential oil ratio, essential oil components and antioxidant content of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant. Journal of Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Agriculture, 21(1): 12-20. (In Turkish).
4. Başer, K.H.C., 1997. The Use of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Pharmaceutical and Alcoholic Beverage Industries. İstanbul Chamber of Commerce Publications, No: 39, İstanbul, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
5. Başer, K.H.C., 1998. Industrial use of medicinal and aromatic plants. Anadolu University Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Bulletin, 13(14): 19-43. (In Turkish).
6. Baydar, H., 2009. Science and Technology of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Nobel Academic Publishing, Publication No. 2328, Ankara, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
7. Bayram, E., Kırıcı, S., Tansı, S., Yılmaz, G., Kızıl, O.A.S., Telci, İ., 2010. Possibilities of increasing the production of medicinal and aromatic plants. TMMOB Chamber of Agricultural Engineers, 7th Technical Congress of Agricultural Engineering, 11-15 January, Ankara, Türkiye, pp. 437-456. (In Turkish).
8. Baytop, T., 1999. Herbal Therapy in Türkiye: Past and Present. Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul, Türkiye. (In Turkish).

9. Czinner, E., Lemberkovics, É., Bihátsi-Karsai, E., Vitányi, G., Lelik, L., 2000. Composition of the essential oil from the inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 12(6): 728-730.
10. Galbany-Casals, M., Saez, L., Benedi, C., 2006. A taxonomic revision of Helichrysum sect. stoechadina (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae). Canadian Journal of Botany, 84(8): 1203-1232.
11. González-Burgos, E., Carretero, M.E., Gómez-Serranillos, M.P., 2011. Sideritis spp.: Uses, chemical composition and pharmacological activities-A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 135(2): 209-225.
12. Güner, A., Aslan, S., 2012. List of Turkish Plants: (Vascular Plants). Nezahat Gökyigit Botanical Garden Publications, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
13. Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., Başer, K.H.C., Hedge, I.C., 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands: Volume 11, Supplement 2. Edinburgh University Press.
14. Judzentiene, A., Butkiene, R., 2006. Chemical composition of the essential oils of wild Helichrysum arenarium (L.) with differently colored inflorescences from Eastern Lithuania. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 18(1): 80-83.
15. Kalaycıoğlu, A.C., Öner, C., 1994. Investigated the antimutajenik effects of some extracts with Amest-Salmonella test system. Turkish Journal of Botany, 18: 117-122. (In Turkish).
16. Kevseroğlu, K., Özkul, Ö., 1997. An investigation on the essential oil variability and some plant characterisctics of Calamintha nepeta and Melissa officinalis. Proceedings Book of the II. Field Crops Congress, 22-25 September, Samsun, Türkiye, pp. 677-680. (In Turkish).
17. Liu, J., Meng, Z., Liu, X., Zhang, X.H., 2019a. Microbial assembly, interaction, functioning, activity and diversification: A review derived from community compositional data. Marine Life Science and Technology, 1: 112-128.
18. Liu, X., Jing, X., Li, G., 2019b. A process to acquire essential oil by distillation concatenated liquid-liquid extraction and flavonoids by solid-liquid extraction simultaneously from Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench inflorescences under ionic liquid-microwave mediated. Separation and Purification Technology, 209: 164-174.
19. Moghaddam, M., Mehdizadeh, L., 2017. Chemistry of essential oils and factors influencing their constituents. In: A.M. Grumezescu, A.M. Holban (Eds.), Soft Chemistry and Food Fermentation, Academic Press, pp. 379-419.
20. Özel, A., 2023. Determination of morphogenetic variability in lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.). Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Science, 27(2): 166-174. (In Turkish).
21. Özkan, A., 2002. The Place of Natural Plants in the Cosmetics and Pharmaceutical Industry. İstanbul University Press, İstanbul, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
22. Özyazıcı, G., Kevseroğlu, K., 2019. Effects of ontogenetic variability on yield of some labiatae family (Mentha spicata L., Origanum onites L., Melissa officinalis L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) plants. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(2): 174-185. (In Turkish).
23. Radušienė, J., Judžentienė, A., 2008. Volatile composition of Helichrysum arenarium field accessions with differently coloured inflorescences. Biologija, 54(2): 116-120.
24. Rahimi, A., Pourakbar, L., Özyazıcı, G., 2018. Investigation on antioxidant activity of upper, middle, and lower leaves of garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Anatolia I. International Multidisciplinary Studies Congress, 28-29 December, Diyarbakır, Türkiye, 3: 985-992.
25. Ramakrishna, A., Ravishankar, G.A., 2011. Influence of abiotic stress signaling on secondary metabolites in plants. Plant Signaling and Behavior, 6(11): 1720-1731.
26. Reidel, R.V.B., Cioni, P.L., Ruffoni, B., Cervelli, C., Pistelli, L., 2017. Aroma profile and essential oil composition of Helichrysum species. Natural Product Communications, 12(9): 1507-1512.
27. Saha, S., Dey, T., Adhikari, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Sengupta, C., Ghosh, P., 2016. Effects of plant growth regulators on efficient plant regeneration efficiency and genetic stability analysis from two Ocimum tenuiflorum L. morphotypes. Rendiconti Lincei-Scienze Fisiche E Naturali, 27: 609-628.
28. Sangwan, N., Farooqi, A., Shabih, F., Sangwan, R., 2001. Regulation of essential oil production in plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 34(1): 3-21.
29. Segler, D., 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York.
30. Şen, N., Kalaycı, G., 2016. Chemical composition tannin and coumarin of Helichrysum arenarium. Selcuk University Faculty of Science Journal of Science, 42(2): 226-231. (In Turkish).
31. Tepe, B., Sokmen, M., Akpulat, H.A., Sokmen, A., 2005. In vitro antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts of four Helichrysum species from Turkey. Food Chemistry, 90(4): 685-689.
32. Tığlı Kaytanlıoğlu, E.H., Özderin, S., Fakir, H., Gümüşay, E., 2021. Determination of volatile components of Helichrysum arenarium subsp. aucheri naturally distributed in two different regions. European Journal of Science and Technology, 25: 152-158.
33. Umaz, A., Umaz, B., 2020. Medicinal and Aromatic Uses of Natural Plants. Istanbul University Publications, İstanbul, Türkiye. (In Turkish).
34. Yurteri, E., 2023. Volatile oil yield and composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and secondary metabolite content of collected Thymus praecox species in Rize. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 20(7): e202300180.
35. Yurteri, E., Makbul, S., Coskuncelebi, C., Seyis, F., 2021. Essential oil composition in different plant parts of Scorzonera acuminata. In: G. Özyazıcı (Ed.), New Developments in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, IKSAD Publishing House, Ankara, Türkiye, pp. 243-263.