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Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi

Year 2014, , 203 - 212, 30.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.47151

Abstract

Asmanın gelişimi üzerine etkili iklim faktörlerinin başında ışık ve sıcaklık gelmektedir. Işık ve sıcaklık asmada fotosentez, solunum, asimilasyon, transpirasyon, renk pigmentlerinin oluşumu, gölgelenme, tane tutumu, asitlik, verimlilik, çiçeklenme, suda çözünebilir kuru madde birikimi, sürgün gelişimi ve olgunluk üzerine doğrudan etki etmektedir. Sıcaklık bir bölgede ekonomik anlamda bağcılık yapılıp yapılamayacağını belirleyen en önemli parametrelerden biridir. Sıcaklık; asmada gözlerin uyanması, çiçeklenme, tane tutumu, renklenme, fotosentez, solunum, tanede şeker birikimi ve olgunlaşma gibi birçok fizyolojik olayı yönetmektedir. Işık, fotosentez başta olmak üzere pek çok fizyolojik ve kimyasal olayların gerçekleşmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle asmanın maksimum düzeyde fotosentez yapabilmesi için vejetasyon döneminde yeterli bir güneşlenme şarttır. Işık, karbondioksit (CO2) ve öteki etmenler sınırlayıcı olmamak şartıyla fotosentezi bir noktaya kadar arttırmaktadır. Işık miktarının azlığı kadar yüksekliği de, bitkinin gelişimi üzerine olumsuz etkide bulunabilmektedir. Düşük ışık sürgünlerde cılız gelişmeye neden olurken, yüksek ışık yoğunluğu klorofil yıkımı sonucu fotosentezi engellemektedir. Bağlarda en üst düzeyde güneşlenmeyi sağlayabilmek için uygun terbiye sistemi seçimine ve sürgün sıklığının ayarlanmasına dikkat edilmelidir.

References

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Year 2014, , 203 - 212, 30.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.47151

Abstract

The light and temperature come at the beginning of the climatic factors that have an impact on the development of grapevine. Light and temperature have a direct impact on photosynthesis, respiration, assimilation, transpration, formation of color pigments, shading, berry set, acidity, productivity, shoot growth, blooming, soluble solid accummulation and maturation on the grapevine. Temperature is one of the most important parameters that determines whether viticulture can be made or not in an ecology. Temperature is driving several physiological processes such as bud burst, flowering, berry set, colorization, photosynthesis, respiration, sugar accimilation and ripening. In particular, in order to carry out maximum photosynthesis of vine should be sufficient sunshine in the vegetation period. On condition that carbon dioxide and other factors not be limitting, the light increases the photosynthesis up to a certain point. Not only the limited amount of the light, but also the excess of light intensity may have an adverse impact on the development of the plant. While low light causes poor development in the shoots, high light intensity prevents the photosynthesis as a result of chlorophyll degradation. In the vineyards to ensure the highest level of sunshine should be attention to the selection of appropriate training systems and canopy management

References

  • Referans Listesi
  • Adams, D. O., 2006. Phenolics and ripening in grape berries. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 57, 249–256.
  • Ağaoğlu, Y. S., 1999. Bilimsel ve uygulamalı bağcılık (Asma Biyolojisi). Kavaklıdere Eğitim Yayınları 1. 205 sayfa.
  • Akman, İ., Ilgın, C., 1991. Tüplü Asma Fidanı Üretiminde Başarıyı Etkileyen Faktörler. T.C. Tarım ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı. Türkiye I. Fidancılık Simpozyumu, Ankara.
  • Akman, Y., Küçüködük, M., Evren, H., Öncel, I., Düzenli, S., 2000. Fotosentez (Fotorespirasyon,
  • C'lu Karbon Döngüsü ve Crassulacean Asit Metabolizması). Kairyer Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., Ankara.
  • Alleweldt, G., 1997. Genetics of grapevine breeding. Progress in Botany, 58: 441–454.
  • Amerine, M. A., Winkler, A. J., 1944. Composition and Quality of Musts and Wines of California grapes. Hilgardia 15: 493-675.
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  • Bindi, M., Miglietta, F., Gozzini, B., Orlandini, S., Seghi, L., 1997. A simple model for simulation of growth and development in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) I. Model description. Vitis 36 (2), 67-71.
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  • Bois, B., Wald, L., Pieri, P., Van Leeuwen, C., Commagnac, L., Chery, P., Christen, M., Gaudillère J.P., Saur E., 2008. Estimating spatial and temporal variations in solarradiation within bordeaux winegrowing region using remotely sensed data. Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 42, p.15-25.
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  • Buttrose, M. S., 1974. Climatic factors and fruitfulness in grapevines. Hort. Abstr., 44: 319-25.
  • Carbonneau, A., 2003. Ecophysiologie de la vigne et terroir. Terroir, zonazione, viticoltura. Trattato internazionale. Phytoline 1: 61-102.
  • Cartechini, A., Palliotti, A., 1996. Effect of shading on vine morphology and productivity and leaf gas exchange characterictics in grapevines in the field. Amer. J. Enol. Viticultu. 46:227-235.
  • Charles-Edwards, A.D., Doley D., Rimmingon G.M., 1986. Modelling Plant Growth and Development. Academic Press.
  • Crippen, D.D., Morrison, J.C., 1986a. The effects of sun exposure on the compositional development of Cabernet Sauvignon berries. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 37:235-242.
  • Crippen, D.D., Morrison, J.C., 1986b. The effects of sun exposure on the phenolic content of Cabernet Sauvignon berries during development. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 37(243-247).
  • Çelik, S., 2007. Bağcılık (Ampeloloji). Trakya Üniv. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, Anadolu Matbaa Ambalaj San. ve Tic. Ltd. Şti., Tekirdağ.
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  • Dookozlian, N. K., Kliewer, W.M., 1996. Influence of light on grape berry growth and composition varieties during development. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 121: 233-236.
  • Dry, P.R., 2000. Canopy management for fruitfulness. Australian Journal of Enology and Viticulture 6: 109–115.
  • Duchene E., Schneider C., 2005. Grapevine and climatic changes: a glance at the situation in Alsace. Agronomie, 25 (1) 93-99.
  • During, H., 1994. Photosynthesis of ungrafted and grafted grapevines: Effects of rootstock genotype and plant age. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. , Vol. 45, No. 3
  • Eriş, A., 1990. Bahçe Bitkileri Fizyolojisi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ders Notları, No: 11, Bursa.
  • Faostat, 2012. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor.
  • Ferrini, F., Mattii, G.B., Nicese, F.P., 1995. Effect of temperature on key physiological responses of grapevine leaf. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 46: 375-379.
  • Francesco, I., Massimo, B., Fulvio, M., Attilio, S. 1994. Differential effects of canopy manipulation and shading of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. I. Composition of grape berries. Vitic. Enol. Sci. 49:220-225.
  • Gladstones, J., 1992. Viticulture and environment. Winetitles. Adelaide, 310 s, Australia.
  • Gonzales Neves, G., 2005. Módulo Materia Prima. Clases de la Maestría de Viticultura & Enología, ciclo 2004/2005. FCA UN Cuyo, INTA, INV.
  • Grant, J., A., Ryugo, K., 1984. Influence of within-canopy shading on net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductanse, and chloropphyll content of kiwifruit leaves. HortScience 19: 834-836.
  • Greer, D.H., Weston C., 2010. Heat stress affects flowering, berry growth, sugar accumulation and photosynthesis of Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon grapevines grown in a controlled environment. Functional Plant Biology. No: 37, 206–214.
  • Günay, A., 1982. Genel Sebze Yetiştiriciliği, Cilt I, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, Ankara.
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There are 90 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bülent Köse

Publication Date September 30, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014

Cite

APA Köse, B. (2014). Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.47151
AMA Köse B. Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi. TÜTAD. October 2014;1(2):203-212. doi:10.19159/tutad.47151
Chicago Köse, Bülent. “Işık Ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri Ve Önemi”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 1, no. 2 (October 2014): 203-12. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.47151.
EndNote Köse B (October 1, 2014) Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 1 2 203–212.
IEEE B. Köse, “Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi”, TÜTAD, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 203–212, 2014, doi: 10.19159/tutad.47151.
ISNAD Köse, Bülent. “Işık Ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri Ve Önemi”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 1/2 (October 2014), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.47151.
JAMA Köse B. Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi. TÜTAD. 2014;1:203–212.
MLA Köse, Bülent. “Işık Ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri Ve Önemi”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 1, no. 2, 2014, pp. 203-12, doi:10.19159/tutad.47151.
Vancouver Köse B. Işık ve Sıcaklığın Bağcılıktaki Yeri ve Önemi. TÜTAD. 2014;1(2):203-12.

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