Bitkilerde Sinyal Molekülü Hidrojen Sülfür (H2S)

Abstract

Hidrojen sülfür (H2S) renksiz oluşu ve çürük yumurta kokusu ile yıllardır toksik olarak bilinen bir gazdır. Hidrojen sülfürün bitki hücreleri üzerindeki etkisi yüksek konsantrasyonda olmasına bağlı olarak diğer çevresel stres koşulları ile birleştiğinde bitki için fitotoksik hale gelmektedir. Hidrojen sülfürün bitkilerde stoma hareketleri, çiçeklerde ve yapraklarda yaşlılığın düzenlenmesi, fotosentez ve çimlenme gibi çeşitli fizyolojik olaylar üzerine önemli etkisi bulunmaktadır. Ağır metal içeriği, kuraklık, su taşkını, tuz, mantari enfeksiyonlar, UV-B artışı, soğuk ve sıcak stresi gibi çeşitli abiyotik stres koşulları H2S’ün içsel sentezini tetiklemektedir. Bitkiler çevresel streslere tepki olarak hidrojen sülfürü L-sistein desülfidraz (LCD), D-sistein desülfidraz (DCD), sülfat redüktaz (SİR), siyanoalanin sentez (CAS) ve sistein sentezi (CS) yoluyla sentezlemektedir ve bu stres koşullarına karşı bitkinin toleransını artırmaktadır. Bitkiler tarafından üretilen hidrojen sülfürün fazlası da atmosfere verilmektedir. Bu nedenle, H2S'ü bir fitotoksin olmasının yanı sıra sinyal molekülü olarak ta düşünmek gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• Abiyotik stres,bitkiler,hidrojen sülfür,sinyal molekülü,sistein

Signal Molecule Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Plants

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas known as toxic for years with the colorless formation and rotten egg odor. Hydrogen sulfide becomes phytotoxic for the plant when combined with other environmental stress conditions due to the high concentration of the effect on plant cells. Hydrogen sulfide plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes such as stoma movements in plants, regulation of senescence in flowers and leaves, photosynthesis and germination. Various abiotic stress conditions such as heavy metal stress, drought, waterlogging, salinity, fungal infection, UV-B stress, cold and heat stress triggers the production of H2S. In response to environmental stresses, plants synthesize hydrogen sulfide via L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD), D-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD), sulfate reductase (SIR), cyanoalanine synthesis (CAS) and cysteine synthesis (CS) and increase plant tolerance against these stress. Hydrogen sulfide produced by plants is also released to the atmosphere. For this reason, it is necessary to consider H2S as a signal molecule as well as a phytotoxin.

Keywords

• Abiotic stress,plants,hydrogen sulfide,signal molecule,cysteine

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