Application of Agricultural Land Quality Index Based on Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

Year 2019, , 295 - 307, 31.10.2019

Mert Dedeoğlu , Levent Başayiğit , Mahmut Yüksel

https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.603503

Cited By: 3

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a land
quality index (LQI) based on expert opinion and multi criteria decision support
approaches specific to the region and to apply it on agricultural lands. The
study was carried out in 7 soil series and 43 land units of Muğla-Dalaman
General Directorate of Agriculture Management with an area of 3338.61 ha,
representing Mediterranean climate ecology. In this study, 13 indicators; I)
Land: soil depth, slope, stoniness and drainage, ii) Physical: available water
capacity, bulk density, texture, iii) Chemical: pH, electrical conductivity
(EC), organic matter content, phosphors, potassium, and total nitrogen which
are representative of one or more of the land and soil characteristics were
selected in the light of expert and literature knowledge. Analytical Hierarchy
Process which is a multi-criteria decision approach was used for pairwise
comparisons of the indicators. As a result of the LQI assessment, 61.56% of the
farmland was classified as “very high” and “high” quality and the agricultural
quality class of the 35.29% of the land was determined as “low” and “very low”
quality and mapped in a geographical information system environment. According
to obtained results it was determined that the final quality index values of the
lands were affected by depth (12.5%), slope (12%), EC (11.1%) and texture
(10.7%) indicators with high weight coefficients. In addition, it has been
suggested that areas with low agricultural quality values can reach to
high-quality classes with some improvement measures (development of drainage
channels, the addition of organic material, removal of stones).

Keywords

Analytical hierarchy process, land quality index, expert knowledge, soil series, soil mapping

Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Analizine Dayalı Tarımsal Amaçlı Arazi Kalite İndisi Uygulaması

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı bölgeye özgün olarak uzman
görüşü ve çok kriterli karar destek yaklaşımlarına dayalı bir arazi kalite
indisi (AKİ) geliştirmek ve tarım arazilerinde uygulamaktır. Çalışma, Akdeniz
iklim ekolojisini temsilen 3338.61 hektar büyüklüğündeki
Muğla-Dalaman Tarım İşletme Genel Müdürlüğü arazilerine ait 7 toprak serisi ve
43 fazında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada bölge arazilerini ve toprak
özelliklerinin bir veya daha fazlasını temsil etme niteliğine sahip toplam 13
indikatör; i) Arazi: derinlik, eğim, taşlık ve drenaj, ii) Fiziksel: faydalı su
kapasitesi, hacim ağırlığı, tekstür, iii) Kimyasal: elektriksel iletkenlik
(EC), pH, organik madde, fosfor, potasyum, toplam azot olmak üzere uzman görüşü
ve literatür bilgisi ışığında seçilmiştir. İndikatörlerin ikili
karşılaştırmasında çok kriterli karar destek yaklaşımı olan Analitik Hiyerarşik
Süreç metodu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, AKİ değerlendirmesi sonucu işletme
arazilerinin % 61.56’sı “çok yüksek” ve “yüksek” kaliteli olarak
sınıflandırılmış, % 35.29 büyüklüğünde arazinin tarımsal kalite sınıfı “düşük”
ve “çok düşük” nitelikte belirlenmiş ve coğrafi bilgi sistemi ortamında
haritalanmıştır. Çalışma ile bölge arazilerinin kalite son indis değerini derinlik (% 12.5), eğim (% 12), EC (% 11.1) ve bünye (% 10.7)
indikatörlerinin yüksek oranda ağırlık katsayıları ile etkilediği
belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda tarımsal açıdan düşük kalite değerlerine sahip
arazilerde bazı iyileştirme tedbirlerinin (drenaj kanallarının
geliştirilmesi organik madde ilavesi, taş toplama) alınması ile yüksek
kalite sınıflarına ulaşabileceği önerilmiştir.

Keywords

Analitik hiyerarşik süreç, arazi kalite indisi, uzman bilgisi, toprak serisi, toprak haritalama

References

• Ahmed, G.B., Shariff, A.R.M., Balasundram, S.K., Bin Abdullah, A.F., 2016. Agriculture land suitability analysis evaluation based multi criteria and GIS approach. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 37(1): 12-44
• Akıncı, H., Özalp, A.Y., Turgut, B., 2013. Agricultural land use suitability analysis using GIS and AHP technique. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 97: 71-82.
• Aldababseh, A., Temimi, M., Maghelal, P., Branch, O., Wulfmeyer, V., 2018. Multi-Criteria evaluation of irrigated agriculture suitability to achieve food security in an Arid environment. Sustainability, 10(3): 803.
• Andrews, S.S., Karlen, D.L., Cambardella, C.A., 2004. The soil management assessment framework: A quantitative soil quality evaluation method. Science Society of America, 68(6): 1945-1962.
• Anonim, 1982. Dalaman Tarım İşletmesi Topraklarının Detaylı Toprak Etüd ve Haritalanması. TİGEM Yayınları No: 4, Ankara.
• Anonim, 2014. Fethiye ve Çevresinde İklim Koşulları. (http://www.fto.org.tr/DB_Image/29/170/fethiyevecevresindeiklimkosullari.pdf), (Erişim tarihi: 16.10.2015).
• Anonymous, 1976. A Framework for Land Evaluation. FAO Soils Bulletin Vol. 32, Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
• Anonymous, 1990. Micronutrient, Assessment at the Country Level: An International Study. FAO Soil Bulletin by Mikko Sillanpaa. Rome.
• Anonymous, 1999. Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. US Government Printing Office.
• Anonymous, 2011. Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual: Soil Survey Investigations Report. Lincoln, NE.
• Arshad, M.A., Martin, S., 2002. Identifying critical limits for soil quality indicators in agro-ecosystems. Ecosystems & Environment, 88: 153-160.
• Askari, M.S., Holden, N.M., 2014. Indices for quantative evaluation of soil quality under grassland management. Geoderma, 230: 131-142.
• Baridón, J.E., Casas, R.R., 2014. Quality indicators in subtropical soils of formosa, Argentina: changes for agriculturization process. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 2(4): 13-24.
• Barraclough, P.B., 1989. Root growth, macro-nutrient uptake dynamics and soil fertility requirements of a high-yielding winter oilseed rape crop. Plant and Soil, 119: 59-70.
• Bilgin, Z.R., Metin, Y., Çörekçioğlu, E., Bilgiç, T., Şan, Ö., 1997. Bozburun-Marmaris-Köyceğiz-Dalaman (Muğla) Dolayının Jeolojisi: MTA, Rapor No: 10008, Ankara.
• Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H. 1986. Bulk density. In: A. Klute (Ed), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 363-376.
• Bremner, J.M., Mulvaney, C.S. 1982. Nitrogen-Total. In: A.L. Page (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, pp. 595-624.
• Bydekerke, L., Van Ranst, E., Vanmechelen, L., Groenemans, R., 1998. Land suitability assessment for Cherimoya in Southern Ecuador using expert knowledge and GIS. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 69(2): 89-98.
• Ceballos S.A., López, B.J., 2003. Delineation of suitable areas for crops using a multi-criteria evaluation approach and land use/cover mapping: A case study in Central Mexico. Agricultural Systems, 77: 117-136.
• De La Rosa, D., Van Diepen, C.A., 2009. Qualitative and Quantitative Land Evaluations. In: W.H. Verheye (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Land Use, Land Cover and Soil Sciences-Volume II, Eolss Publishers, Oxford, United Kingdom.
• Dengiz, O., 2019. Soil quality index for paddy fields based on standard scoring functions and weight allocation method. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 1-15.
• Dengiz, O., Baksan, O., 2009. Land quality assessment and sustainable land use in Salt Lake specially protected area. Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 148(1-4): 233-243.
• Dengiz, O., Özyazıcı, M.A., Sağlam, M., 2015. Multi-Criteria assessment and geostatistical approach for determination of rice growing suitability sites in Gökırmak Catchment. Paddy Water Environment, 13(1): 1-10.
• Dengiz, O., Özyazıcı, M.A., 2018. Çeltik tarımına uygun alanların belirlenmesinde çok kriterli arazi değerlendirme. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 6(1): 19-28.
• Dengiz, O., Sarıoğlu, F.E., 2013. Parametric approach with linear combination technique in land evaluation studies. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 19(2): 101-112.
• Dengiz, O., Şişman, A., Gülser, C., Şişman, Y., 2014. Alternative approach for land quality classification used for land consolidatin. Soil and Water Journal, 3(1): 59-69.
• Doran, J.W., Parkin, T.B., 1996. Quantitative Indicators of Soil Quality: a Minimum Data Set. In: J.W. Doran, A.J. Jones, (Eds.), Methods for Assessing Soil Quality, Soil Science Society of America Special Publication, Madison, pp, 25-37.
• Eastman, J.R., Jiang, H., 1996. Fuzzy Measures in Multi-Criteria Evaluation. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service General Technical Report RM, pp. 527-534.
• Gezgin, S., Hamurcu, M., 2006. Bitki beslemede besin elementleri arasındaki etkileşimin önemi ve bor ile diğer besin elementleri arasındaki etkileşimler. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 20(39): 24-31.
• Guo, L.J., Zhang, Z.S., Wang, D.D., Li, C.F., Cao, C.G., 2015. Effects of short-term conservation management practices on soil organic carbon fractions and microbial community composition under a rice-wheat rotation system. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 51(1): 65-75.
• Hazelton, P., Murphy, B., 2007. Interpreting Soil Test Results, What Do All the Numbers Mean. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Publishing, Australia.
• Huddleston, J.H., Pease, J.R., Forrest, W.G., Hickerson, H.J., Langridge, R.W., 1987. Use of agricultural land evaluation and site assessment in Linn County, Oregon, USA. Environmental Management, 11(3): 389-405.
• Imaz, M.J., Virto,I., Bescansa,P., Enrique,A., Fernandez, A.O., Karlen, D.L., 2010. Soil quality indicator response to tillage and residue management on semi-arid Mediterranean cropland. Soil and Tillage Research, 107(1): 17-25.
• Iojă, C.I., Niţă, M.R., Vânău, G.O., Onose, D.A., Gavrilidis, A.A., 2014. Using multi-criteria analysis for the identification of spatial land-use conflicts in the Bucharest Metropolitan area. Ecological Indicators, 42: 112-121.
• Jenks, G.F., 1967. The data model concept in statistical mapping. International Yearbook of Cartography, 7: 186-190.
• Jiang, Z., Feng, C., Huang, L., Guo, W., Zhu, X., Peng, Y., 2006. Effects of phosphorus application on dry matter production and phosphorus uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 26(5): 489-497.
• Joshua J.K., Nneoma A.C., Jajere A, Ahmed A.J., 2013. Land suitability analysis for agricultural planning using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis approach in Greater Karu urban area, Nasarawa State Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 1(1): 14-23.
• Kacar, B., 2009. Toprak Analizleri (2. Baskı). Nobel Yayınları No: 1387, Ankara.
• Karlen, D.L., Stott, D.E., Cambardella, C.A., Kremer, R.J., King, K.W., McCarty, G.W., 2014. Surface soil quality in five midwestern cropland conservation effects assessment project watersheds. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 69(5): 393-401.
• Klute, A., 1986. Water Retention: Laboratory Methods. In: A. Klute (Ed), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 635-662.
• Kumar, T., Jhariya, D.C., 2015. Land quality index assessment for agricultural purpose using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). Geocarto International, 30(7): 822-841.
• Kurzatkowski, D., Martius, C., Höfer, H., Garcia, M., Förster, B., Beck, L., Vlek, P., 2004. Litter decomposition, microbial biomass and activity of soil organisms in three agroforestry sites in Central Amazonia. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 69(3): 257-267.
• Laghari, G., Oad, F., Tunio, S., Gandahi, A., Siddiqui, M., Jagirani, A., Oad, S.M., 2010. Growth, yield and nutrient uptake of various wheat cultivars under different fertilizer regimes. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 26(4): 489-497.
• Leonard, W.H., Stamp, D.L., Martin, J.H., 1976. Principles of Field Crop Production. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.
• Letey, J., 1958. Relationship Between Soil Physical Properties and Crop Production. Advances in Soil Science Book Series, Springer, New York.
• Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 42(3): 421-428.
• Malczewski, J., 2006. Ordered weighted averaging with fuzzy quantifiers: gis-based multicriteria evaluation for land-use suitability analysis. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 8(4): 270-277.
• Mandere, N.M., Persson, A., Anderberg, S., Pilesjö, P., 2010. Tropical sugar beet land evaluation scheme: Development, validation and application under Kenyan Conditions. GeoJournal, 75(2): 215-228.
• Marschner, H., Kirkby, E. A., Cakmak, I., 1996. Effect of mineral nutritional status on shoot-root partitioning of photoassimilates and cycling of mineral nutrients. Journal of Experimental Botany, 47(Special Issue): 1255-1263.
• McVay, K., Radcliffe, D., Hargrove, W.L., 1989. Winter legume effects on soil properties and nitrogen fertilizer requirements. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 53(6): 1856-1862.
• Miller, F., Guthrie, R.L., 1984. Classification and Distribution of Soils Containing Rock Fragments in the United States. Erosion and Productivity of Soils Containing Rock Fragments, Soil Science Society of America Publishing, Madison, pp. 1-6.
• Miransari, M., Smith, D.L., 2007. Overcoming the stressful effects of salinity and acidity on soybean nodulation and yields using signal molecule genistein under field conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30(12): 1967-1992.
• Mueller, L., Schindler, U., Mirschel, W., Shepherd, T.G., Ball, B.C., Helming, K., Rogasik, J., Eulenstein, F., Wiggering, H., 2010. Assessing the productivity function of soils, A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 30(3): 601-614.
• Mustafa, S.M.T., Vanuytrecht, E., Huysmans, M., 2017. Combined deficit irrigation and soil fertility management on different soil textures to improve wheat yield in drought-prone Bangladesh. Agricultural Water Management, 191: 124-137.
• Nelson, D.W., Sommers, L., 1982. Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. In: A.L. Page (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, pp. 539-579.
• Olsen, S.R., Sommers, L.E., 1982. Soil Phosphorus. In: A.L. Page (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., and Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, pp. 403-430.
• Pagliai, M., Vignozzi, N., Pellegrini, S., 2004. Soil structure and the effect of management practices. Soil and Tillage Research, 79(2): 131-143.
• Patrono, A., 1998. Multi-Criteria Analysis and Geographic Information Systems: Analysis of Natural Areas and Ecological Distributions. Multicriteria Analysis for Land-Use Management. In: Beinat E., Peter N (Eds.), Environment and Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 271- 292.
• Rahmanipour, F., Marzaioli, R., Bahrami, H.A., Fereidouni, Z., Bandarabadi, S.R., 2014. Assessment of soil quality indices in agricultural lands of Qazvin Province, Iran. Ecological Indicators, 40: 19-26.
• Riley, H., Pommeresche, R., Eltun, R., Hansen, S., Korsaeth, A., 2008. Soil structure, organic matter and earthworm activity in a comparison of cropping systems with contrasting tillage, rotations, fertilizer levels and manure use agriculture. Ecosystems & Environment, 124(3-4): 275-284.
• Romano, G., Dal Sasso, P., Trisorio Liuzzi, G., Gentile, F., 2015. Multi-criteria decision analysis for land suitability mapping in a rural area of Southern Italy. Land Use Policy, 48: 131-143.
• Saaty, T.L., 1980. The Analytical Hierarchy Process, Planning, Priority. Resource Allocation: RWS Publications, USA.
• Saaty, T.L., 2008. Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Services Sciences, 1(1): 83-98.
• Sarkar, A., Ghosh, A., Banik, P., 2014. Multi-criteria land evaluation for suitability analysis of wheat: A case study of a watershed in eastern plateau region, India. Geo-Spatial Information Science, 17(2): 119-128.
• Sauer, T., Havlík, P., Schneider, U.A., Schmid, E., Kindermann, G., Obersteiner, M., 2010. Agriculture and Resource availability in a changing world: The role of irrigation. Water Resources Research, 46(6): 1-12.
• Shepherd, T.G., 2009. Visual Soil Assessment: Field Guide for Pastoral Grazing and Cropping on Flat to Rolling Country. Horizons Regional Council, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
• Siegel, S.M., Siegel, B.Z., Massey, J., Lahne, P., Chen, J., 1980. Growth of corn in saline waters. Physiologia Plantarum, 50(1): 71-73.
• Store, R., Kangas, J., 2001. Integrating spatial multi-criteria evaluation and expert knowledge for GIS-based habitat suitability modelling. Landscape and Urban Planning, 55(2): 79-93.
• Şeker, C., Işıldar, A., 2000. Tarla trafiğinin toprak profilindeki gözenekliliğe ve sıkışmaya etkisi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 24: 71-77.
• Topal, A., Gezgin, S., Akgün, N., Dursun, N., Babaoglu, M., 2002. Yield and Yield Attributes of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) as Affected by Boron Application. In: Goldbach et al. (Eds.), Boron in Plant and Animal Nutrition, Springer, Boston, MA., pp. 401-406.
• Veisi, H., Liaghati, H., Alipour, A., 2016. Developing an ethics-based approach to indicators of sustainable agriculture using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Ecological Indicators, 60: 644-654.
• Xue, R., Wang, C., Liu, M., Zhang, D., Li, K., Li, N., 2019. A new method for soil health assessment based on analytic hierarchy process and meta-analysis. Science of The Total Environment, 650: 2771-2777.
• Ying, X., Zeng, G. M., Chen, G. Q., Tang, L., Wang, K. L., & Huang, D. Y., 2007. Combining AHP with GIS in synthetic evaluation of eco-environment quality-A case study of Hunan Province, China. Ecological Modelling, 209(2-4): 97-109.
• Zhan, A., Zou, C., Ye, Y., Liu, Z., Cui, Z., Chen, X., 2016. Estimating on-farm wheat yield response to potassium and potassium uptake requirement in China. Field Crops Research, 191: 13-19.
• Zhang, J., Su, Y., Wu, J., Liang, H., 2015. GIS based land suitability assessment for tobacco production using ahp and fuzzy set in Shandong Province of China. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 114: 202-211.