Genotypic Variation in Calcium Uptake in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Chilling Stress

Abstract

Plants are constantly exposed to different abiotic stresses throughout their lifecycle. Sub-optimal temperatures are

important abiotic stress factors in agriculture. Plant growth, development, yield, and crop quality are significantly affected by

low temperature stress. In the present study, 95 different common bean genotypes were grown in the growth chamber. As the

control group, the growth chamber was designed to be 16/8 h light and dark with 25 °C and 20 °C day/night temperatures,

respectively. Fifteen days old seedlings were exposed to chilling stress as cold stress treatment in the dark (night) at 4 °C for

8 hours and in light (day) at 25 oC for 16 hours. After fifteen days of low temperature stress, the experiment was completed to

investigate calcium (Ca) intake in plants. Shoot Ca concentration of the genotypes were analyzed and genotypes were

classified according to their Ca content. Therefore 24 genotypes were found to have less than ≤0.5%, 35 genotypes were found

to have between 0.51 to1.0% and 36 genotypes were found to have between 1.01 to 3.0% Ca content under chilling stress.

Keywords

• Cold stress,bean,calcium,abiotic stress,low temperature

References

1. Aslantaş, R., 1999. Determination of cold hardness degree of flower buds with generative and vegetative groving of some almond (Amygdalus communis L.) cultivars/clones and types in Erzincan conditions. Ph.D. Thesis, Atatürk University Institute of Science, Erzurum, Turkey. (in Turkish).
2. Aslantas, R., Karakurt, H., Karakurt, Y., 2010. The cellular and molecular mechanisms on resistance to low temperatures in plants. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Atatürk University, 41(2): 157-167.
3. Browse, J., Xin, Z., 2001. Temperature sensing and cold acclimation. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 4: 241-246.
4. El-Saht, H.M., 1998. Responses to chilling stress in French bean seedlings: antioxidant compounds. Biologia Plantarum, 41: 395–402.
5. Favaro, S.P., Neto, J.A.B., Takahashi, H.W., Miglioranza, É., Ida, E.I., 2007. Rates of calcıum, yıeld and quality of snap bean. Scientia Agricola, 64(6): 616-620
6. Gao, H., Chen, G., Han, L., Lin, H., 2005. Calcium influence on chilling resistance of grafting eggplant Seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27(8): 1327-1339.
7. Hariyadi, P., Parkin, K.L., 1993. Chilling-induced oxidative stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Calypso) seedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology, 141(6): 733-738. Jones, J.B., 2001. Laboratory Guide for Conductivity Soil Tests and Plant Analysis. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Florida.
8. Knight, H., Knight, M.R., 2000. Imaging spatial and cellular characteristic of low temperature calcium signature after cold acclimation in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 51: 1679-1686.

9. Kratsch, H.A., Wise, R.R., 2000. The ultrastructure of chilling stress. Plant Cell Environment, 23: 337-350.
10. Leipner, J., 2009. Chilling stress in maize: From physiology to genetics and molecular mechanisms. Habilitation thesis, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zurich. Mahajan, S., Tuteja, N., 2005. Cold, salinity and drought stresses. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 444(2): 139-158.
11. Minorsky, PV., 1985. A heuristic hypothesis of chilling injury in plants: a role for calcium as the primary physiological transducer of injury. Plant, Cell and Environment, 8: 75-94.
12. Miura, K., Furumoto, T., 2013. Cold Signaling and cold response in plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14: 5312-5337.
13. Monroy, A.F., Dhindsa, R.S., 1995. Low temperature signal transduction: induction of cold acclimation-specific genes of alfalfa by calcium at 25 oC. Plant Cell, 7: 321-331.
14. Palta, J. P., 2000. Stress interactions at the cellular and membrane levels. Horticulture Science, 25(11): 1377- 1381
15. Pearce, R.S., 1999. Molecular analysis of acclimation to cold. Plant Growth Regulation, 29: 47-76.
16. Pearce, R.S., 2001. Plant freezing and damage. Annals of Botany, 87: 417-424.
17. Puhakainen, T., 2004. Physiological and Molecular Analyses of Cold Acclimation of Plants. Academic dissertation, Genetics Faculty of Biosciences University of Helsinki, Finland.
18. Reymen, B., Fiorani, F., 2007. Cold night impair leaf growth and cell cycle progression in maize trough transcriptional changes of cell cycle genes. Plant physiology, 143(3): 1429-1438.
19. Sakai, A., Larcher, W., 1987. Frost Survival of Plants: Response Sand Adaptations to Freezing Stress. Springer-Verlag, New York.
20. Saltveit, M.E., Morris, L.L., 1990. Overview of chilling injury of horticultural crops. CRC Press, Florida.
21. Scebba, F., Sebastiani, L., Vitagliano, C., 1998. Changes in activity of antioxidative enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings under cold acclimation. Phsiologia Plantarum, 104: 747-752.
22. Scebba, F., Sebastiani, L., Vitagliano, C., 1999. Protective enzymes against activated oxygen species in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling: Responses to cold acclimation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 155(6): 762-768.
23. Scrase-Field, S., Knight, M.R., 2003. Calcium; just a chemical switch? Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6: 1-7.
24. Smallwood, M., Bowles, D.J., 2002. Plants in a cold climate. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society, 357: 831-847.
25. Srivastava, V., Soni, A., Sonam, K., 2015. Analysis on effect of cold stress in bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris l). American Journal of BioScience, 3(4): 145-166
26. Szalai, G., Jvea, T., Paldi, E., Dubacq, J.P., 2001. Changes in the fatty acid unsaturation after hardening in wheat chrosome substitution lines with different cold tolerance. Journal of Plant Physiology, 158: 663-666.
27. Thomashow, M.F., 1999. Plant cold acclimation: Freezing tolerance genes and regulatory mechanisms. Annual Review Of Plant Physiology And Plant Molecular Biology, 50: 571-599.
28. Trewavas, A.J., Malhό, R., 1997. Signal perception and transduction: The origin of the phenotype. Plant Cell, 9: 1181-1195.
29. Turan, Ö., 2007. Determination of the tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars and lines to cold stress by physiological and biochemical parameters. Master thesis, Hacettepe University Institute of Science, Ankara, Turkey.
30. Türkeş, M., 2003. Küresel iklim değişikliği ve gelecekteki iklimimiz. 23 Mart Dünya Meteoroloji Günü Kutlaması Gelecekteki İklimimiz Paneli, Bildiriler Kitabı, T.C. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, 23 Mart, Ankara, s. 12-37.
31. Vagujfalvi, A., Kerepesi, I., Galiba, G., Tischner, T., Sutka, J., 1999. Frost hardiness depending on carbohydrate changes during cold acclimation in wheat. Plant Science, 144: 85-92.
32. Wilkins, K.A., Matthus, E., Swarbreck, S. M., Davies, J.D., 2016. Calcium-Mediated Abiotic Stress Signaling in Roots. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7: 1296.
33. Wilkinson, S., Clephan, A.L., Davies, W.J., 2001. Rapid low temperature-induced stomatal closure occurs in cold-tolerant Commelina communis leaves but not in cold-sensitive tobacco leaves, via a mechanism that involves apoplastic calcium but not abscisic acid. Plant Physiology, 126: 1566-1578.
34. Zhao, S., 1998. Induction of freezing tolerance in Jack pine seedlings: changes in lipids, oxidation-reduction and antioxidant enzymes during cold acclimation. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Botany, Toronto.
35. Zocchi, G., Hanson, J.B., 1982. Calcium influx into corn roots as a results of cold shock. Plant Physiology, 70(318): 319-2968.