A Sustainable Strategy on Plant Growth and Improvement of Stress Tolerance: Priming Technique

Abstract

Priming technique is based on the soaking of seed in water or a solution with low osmotic potential under a certain time and temperature before sowing, and re-drying to initial humidity level. Primed seeds might be sown directly or stored at low temperatures for a long time without losing the pragmatic effects of priming applications. In general, the most commonly used priming techniques can be listed as hydro-priming, osmo-priming, halo-priming, solid matrix priming, hormonal priming, nano-priming, and bio-priming. The priming technique contributes to improving germination characteristics, stimulating plant growth and crop yield, and the development of tolerance against various biotic and abiotic stress factors. The density of the used solution, seed/solution ratio, priming time, aeration, ambient temperature, drying, the temperature of the storage environment, and storage time are the main factors that directly affect the success of priming applications. Studies carried out to combine the seed coating technology with the priming technique are extremely important in terms of a sustainable approach in agriculture. In addition, studies on the use of bio-priming applications in seed coating techniques and on extending the storage period are increasingly continuing. Thus, it is predicted that the reduction of chemical inputs and their damages to the ecosystem will be the initial of a revolutionary change. The purposes of this review are to; i) evaluate the possibilities of using priming techniques on plant growth and improvement of stress tolerance, ii) provide an understanding of the stress mechanism in plants and the advantages of priming techniques in terms of stress management, and iii) Examine the use of new technological and scientific applications with priming technique.

Keywords

• Antioxidant defense system
• germination
• pre-sowing applications
• metabolic activity
• sustainable agriculture
• seed coating

Bitki Gelişimi ve Stres Toleransının Geliştirilmesi Üzerine Sürdürülebilir Bir Strateji: Priming Tekniği

Abstract

Priming tekniği, tohumun ekim öncesinde su veya düşük ozmotik potansiyele sahip çözelti içerisinde belirli bir süre ve sıcaklık altında bekletilerek tekrar kurutulması esasına dayanır. Priming uygulanan tohumlar kurutulduktan sonra direk ekilebilir veya priming uygulamalarının pragmatik etkilerini kaybetmemek suretiyle düşük sıcaklıklarda uzun süre depolanabilir. Genel olarak en çok kullanılan priming teknikleri hidro-priming, ozmo-priming, halo-priming, katı matriks priming, hormonal priming, nano-priming ve biyo-priming olarak sıralanabilir. Priming tekniği, uygulanan tohumlarda çimlenme sürecindeki karakterlerin iyileştirilmesine, bitki gelişimi ve ürün veriminin teşvik edilmesine, çeşitli biyotik ve abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı toleransın geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Priming uygulamalarında başarının artırılmasına doğrudan etkili faktörlerin başında kullanılan çözeltinin yoğunluğu, tohum/çözelti oranı, priming süresi, havalandırma, ortam sıcaklığı, kurutma, depolama ortamının sıcaklığı ve depolama süresi gelmektedir. Tohum kaplama teknolojisinin priming tekniği ile birleştirilmesi amacıyla yürütülen çalışmalar tarımda sürdürülebilir yaklaşım açısından son derece önemlidir. Ek olarak, biyo-priming uygulamalarının tohum kaplama tekniğinde kullanılabilmesi ve depolama süresinin uzatılmasına yönelik çalışmalar artarak devam etmektedir. Böylece, kimyasal girdilerin ve ekosisteme olan zararlarının azaltılması noktasında devrim niteliğinde bir değişimin başlangıcı olacağı öngörülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı; i) Priming tekniklerinin bitki gelişimi ve stres toleransının geliştirilmesi üzerine kullanım olanaklarını değerlendirmek, ii) Bitkilerde stres mekanizmasının ve priming tekniklerinin stres yönetimi açısından avantajlarının anlaşılmasını sağlamak, ve iii) Yeni teknolojik ve bilimsel uygulamaların priming tekniği ile kullanımlarını incelemektir.

Keywords

• Antioksidan savunma sistemi
• çimlenme
• ekim öncesi uygulamalar
• metabolik aktivite
• sürdürülebilir tarım
• tohum kaplama

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