Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimin Uluslararasılaşması: Tematik ve Metodolojik Bir Analiz

Öz

Uluslararasılaşma, son dönemde dünyadaki birçok ülkeye benzer şekilde, Türkiye’de de yükseköğretimin önemli bir gündem maddesi haline gelmiştir. Ulusal ve kurumsal düzeyde genişleyen politika, strateji ve uygulamalar, araştırmacıların konuya ilgisini artırarak, yükseköğretimde uluslararasılaşmayı Türkiye bağlamında inceleyen önemli bir akademik birikimin oluşmasına yol açmıştır. Bu durum, ilgili akademik birikimi toplu olarak değerlendirerek, politika oluşturuculara, uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara ilerideki süreç için rehberlik edecek çalışmalara ihtiyaç doğurmaktadır. Bu ihtiyaçtan hareketle, mevcut çalışma, Türk Yükseköğretimi’nde uluslararasılaşma ile ilgili akademik makaleleri belirli özellikleri açısından bütünsel olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla sistematik tarama yapılarak, ilgili makaleler yıl, konu, tematik bakış, makale yazarlarının çalışma alanları, makalelerde kullanılan kavramsal/teorik çerçeve ve metodolojik yaklaşımlar açısından incelenmiştir. Bulgular, uluslararasılaşmayı Türkiye bağlamında inceleyen makalelerin özellikle 2016 yılından itibaren arttığını ve ilgili makaleler içerisinde uluslararası öğrenciler konusunun ve sosyo-kültürel tematik bakışın, makale yazarları arasında da eğitim bilimleri alanında çalışan araştırmacıların ağırlıkta olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de yükseköğretimin uluslararasılaşması ile ilgili çalışmalarda göç, hareketlilik, küreselleşme ve yumuşak güç gibi kavramsal/teorik çerçeveler ile betimsel nicel ve olgubilim ve durum çalışması gibi nitel desenlerin kullanımı belirgindir. Bu bulgulara göre, Türkiye’de konu ile ilgili gelecekteki uygulamaların müfredat ve müfredat dışı etkinliklerin uluslararasılaşmasına yönelik çalışmalarla, araştırmaların da benzer alanlarda çok-disiplinli çalışmalar ve farklı nitel ve nicel desenlerle çeşitlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• uluslararasılaşma
• Türkiye'de yükseköğretim
• sistematik derleme

Internationalization of Higher Education In Türkiye: A Thematic And Methodological Analysis

Abstract

Like in many other countries, internationalization has become a critical area of attention in Türkiye’s higher education agenda. Widening policy, strategy, and implications have led researchers to accumulate considerable research examining the internationalization of higher education within the Turkish context. This has brought the necessity of research exploring the current academic production holistcally to propose guidance for policymakers, university leaders, and researchers for future internationalization efforts. The current study examines the research on the internationalization of higher education in Türkiye comprehensively. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out to investigate the related articles according to year, research topic, thematic perspective, the study field of authors, conceptual/theoretical framework, and the methodological approaches employed. The findings indicate a noteworthy increase in the research on internationalization in Turkish higher education starting, especially in 2016. In addition, international students as the study topic, socio-cultural thematic perspective, educational sciences as the authors’ study field, migration, mobility, globalization, and soft power as conceptual frameworks, and descriptive quantitative and phenomenology and case study designs as methodological approaches were predominant among the examined articles. Based on the fındings, future research and practices of internationalization of higher education in Türkiye can be expanded through curricular/co-curricular activities and diversified with multidisciplinary studies and various quantitative and qualitative designs.

Keywords

• internationalization
• Turkish higher education
• systematic review

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