Organik Gübrelemenin Tıbbi Bitkilerin Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 37 - 48, 12.09.2019

Gülsüm Yaldız , Mahmut Çamlıca , Ferit Özen

Abstract

Dünya pazarında artan
talepten dolayı, son yıllarda organik ürünlerin üretimi hızla artmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir
kalkınmaya ulaşılması, tarımsal politika amaçlarının farkına varılması ve
organik tarımın ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda gıda tedariğinde uygun bir çözümün
kullanılmasında gübre ve biyolojik organik çözümün etkili olabileceğini gerekli
kılmaktadır.

 Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler gıda, kozmetik ve
ilaç sanayi de yaygın olarak kullanıldıklarından, üretimlerinde organik veya
iyi tarım uygulamaları tercih edilmektedir. Bu nedenle organik sertifikalı
tibbi ve aromatik bitkilerin ticari önemleri gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Organik
sertifikalı bu bitkilere artan talep pazarlamada birçok avantaj sağlamakta,
organik tarım ya da iyi tarım teknikleri ile yetiştirilmiş tıbbi ve aromatik
bitkilerin hem dış hem de iç pazarda katma değeri artmaktadır. Bugün ileri
tarım teknolojilerine sahip ülkelerde, katma değeri yüksek olan tıbbi ve
aromatik bitkilerin, organik tarım şartlarında yetiştirilmesinde önemli
gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. Türkiye tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerde dışsatım payını
artırmak için organik gübre ya da iyi tarım tekniklerine yönelmek zorundadır.
Organik gübrelerin tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin verim ve kalitesine etkisini
araştıran çok az çalışma bulunmakla birlikte bu çalışmalarda verim ve kalite
üzerine organik gübrelemenin pozitif etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Bu derlemede
organik gübreler ile yetiştirilen tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin verim ve
kaliteleri ele alınarak, üretimde sürdürülebilirlik kavramına vurgu yapılacak
ve organik üretim yöntemlerini teşvik eden yaklaşımların yaygınlaşması katkıda
bulunulacaktır. 

Keywords

Organik tarım, tıbbi bitkiler, biogübre

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