Effect of Different Spring Sowing Dates on Phenology, Growth and Yield Performance of Turkish Brassica nigra in Ankara/Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 9 - 15, 26.08.2020

Fatma Kayaçetin

Abstract

The maximum yield of Brassica nigra primarily relates to available photoperiod or day length conditions and secondarily to meteorological components of prevailing weather. This research was performed to determine the developmental responses to four different spring sowing dates (25th March, 10th April, 25th April and 10th May) and temperature to screen them for different morphological and phenological charachteristics for five B. nigra genotypes under hot humid continental-Dsa type climate at Yenimahalle, Ankara during 2017 growing season. The seeds of B. nigra used in this study were selected from B. nigra genotypes obtained from USDA gene bank and collected from diverse ecologies of Turkey. The result showed significant differences among the sowing dates and the genotypes. According to the results the maximum seed yield (28.4 g m-2) and crude oil yield (6.1 g m-2) were obtained from the earliest sowing and the minimum seed yield (1.5 g m-2) and crude oil yield (0.2 g m-2) was obtained from the latest sowing date. The maximum crude oil yield (4.6 g m-2) and seed yield (22.4 g m-2) were noted from Kayseri genotype whereas the minimum crude oil yield (1.4 g m-2) and seed yield (6.8 g m-2) were determined from Sanliurfa genotype. The maximum seed yield (49.3 g m-2) and crude oil yield (10.3 g m-2) were determined on 25th March × Kayseri genotype whereas the minimum seed yield (0.9 g m-2) and crude oil yield (0.1 g m-2) were obtained for Izmir genotype. Keeping in view the spring sowing dates of B. nigra provision of short day length in late March sowings are more desirable. This research highlights the practical importance of spring sowing dates in vegetative and generative phase of development that ultimately affects yield and yield components.

Keywords

Brassica nigra, Spring sowing dates, , Morphological and phenological characteristics

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