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INITIATION, RACE RELATIONS AND OTHERNESS IN TONI MORRISON’S “RECITATIF”

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 176 - 185, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1205047

Abstract

The moments of change marking transformation from childhood to adulthood, from innocence to experience and gaining knowledge about the self and the world in general have been seen as of significance across cultures. Correspondingly, literature, art in general, has engaged closely with this ritualistic, threshold experience. Foregrounding a moment of change and centering its plot around at least one young adolescent or child, initiation stories, or more commonly known as stories of coming of age, narrativize the theme of growing up or at least one, major character’s realization of a truth about him/herself as well as the life and the world condition. Despite the prevalence of initiation theme in literature and the significant attempts made by literary studies scholars to theorize what constitutes an initiation story especially until a few decades ago, more recent scholarship, Anglophone literary studies at least, has dealt less considerably with initiation as a frame of reference in the analysis and interpretation of literary texts. The present study reconsiders the theme of initiation in literature through Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif” and examines how the short story deviates from the patterns of traditional initiation stories. It is argued that Morrison interestingly brings together the issue of initiation with concepts such as race relations and otherness, which calls for a more dynamic, relational and intersubjective understanding of the term.

References

  • Bakerman, J. S. (1981). Failures of Love: Female Initiation in the Novels of Toni Morrison. American Literature, 52 (4), 541-563. https://doi.org/10.2307/2925450
  • Benjamin, S. G. (2013). The Space that Race Creates: An Interstitial Analysis of Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif”. Studies in American Fiction, 40 (1), 87-106, 155. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/space-that-race-creates-interstitial-analysis/docview/1399970555/se-2
  • Bergman, I. (2001). Stories of Female Initiation: Two 19th Century Examples of Female Professional Success. Current Objectives of Postgraduate American Studies, 2 (1), https://copas.uni-regensburg.de/article/view/65/81
  • Ginsberg, E. (1975). The Female Initiation Theme in American Fiction. Studies in American Fiction, 3 (1), 27-37. doi:10.1353/saf.1975.0013.
  • Hardy, S. M. (1999). Recitatif. In Tim Akers and Jerry Moore (Eds.), Short Stories for Students. (1st ed. pp. 249-52). The Gale Group.
  • Mansfield, K. (1995). Recitatif. In Ann Charters (Ed.), The Story and Its Writer: An Introduction to Short Fiction. (4th ed., pp. 480-91). Bedford Books. Originally published in 1922.
  • Marcus, M. (1960). What Is an Initiation Story? The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 19(2), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.2307/428289
  • Morris, S. M. (2013). “Sisters separated for much too long”: Women's Friendship and Power in Toni Morrison's Recitatif. Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, 32(1), 159. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/sisters-separated-much-too-long-womens-friendship/docview/1497279468/se-2
  • Morrison, T. (1983). Recitatif. In Amiri Baraka and Amina Baraka (Eds.), Confirmation: An Anthology of African American Women. (1st ed., pp. 243-61). Quill.
  • Morrison, T. (1994). Conversations with Toni Morrison. Danille Kathleen Taylor-Guthrie (Ed.), University Press of Mississippi.
  • Stanley, S. K. (2011). Maggie in Toni Morrison's “Recitatif”: The Africanist Presence and Disability Studies. Melus, 36 (2), 71-88, 215. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/maggie-toni-morrisons-recitatif-africanist/docview/874155099/se-2

TONİ MORRİSON’UN “RECİTATİF” İSİMLİ ÖYKÜSÜNDE İNİSİASYON, IRK İLİŞKİLERİ VE ÖTEKİLİK

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 176 - 185, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1205047

Abstract

Çocukluktan yetişkinliğe, masumiyetten tecrübeye geçişe, kişinin kendisi ve yaşadığı dünya hakkında bilgi edinmesine işaret eden değişim ya da inisiasyon (erginlenme) ritüellerine tarih boyunca farklı kültürlerde büyük önem atfedilmiştir. Bu duruma bağlı olarak, edebiyat, genel olarak sanat, insanın bir halden diğerine geçişindeki bu ritüelle yakından ilgilenmiştir. Özellikle bir değişim anını ön plana çıkararak olay örgüsünü en az bir ergen ya da çocuk karakter etrafında temerküz eden inisiasyon öyküleri ya da daha yaygın adıyla reşit olma öyküleri (ing. coming of age), erginlenme temasını ya da kişinin kendisi veya yaşadığı hayat ve dünyaya dair önemli bir gerçeği fark etmesini konu edinir. Edebi eserlerde erginlenme temasının yaygınlığına ve özellikle yakın bir zamana kadar bu türü kuramsallaştırmak için edebiyat araştırmacılarının yaptığı önemli çalışmalara rağmen, son dönem edebiyat çalışmalarında, bilhassa Anglofon edebiyat araştırmalarında, bir analitik kavram olarak inisiasyon temasının daha az ele alındığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, edebiyattaki inisiasyon temasını Toni Morrison'ın “Recitatif” isimli kısa hikayesi üzerinden ele almakta ve belirtilen eserin geleneksel inisiasyon öykülerindeki kalıp ve ortak özelliklerden ne şekilde farklılıklar arz ettiğini incelemektedir. Morrison’un inisiasyon temasını ırk ilişkileri ve ötekilik gibi kavramlarla nasıl bir araya getirdiği ve bunu yaparken de kavrama dair daha dinamik, ilişkisel ve öznelerarası bir bakış açısı getirdiği ortaya konmaktadır.

References

  • Bakerman, J. S. (1981). Failures of Love: Female Initiation in the Novels of Toni Morrison. American Literature, 52 (4), 541-563. https://doi.org/10.2307/2925450
  • Benjamin, S. G. (2013). The Space that Race Creates: An Interstitial Analysis of Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif”. Studies in American Fiction, 40 (1), 87-106, 155. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/space-that-race-creates-interstitial-analysis/docview/1399970555/se-2
  • Bergman, I. (2001). Stories of Female Initiation: Two 19th Century Examples of Female Professional Success. Current Objectives of Postgraduate American Studies, 2 (1), https://copas.uni-regensburg.de/article/view/65/81
  • Ginsberg, E. (1975). The Female Initiation Theme in American Fiction. Studies in American Fiction, 3 (1), 27-37. doi:10.1353/saf.1975.0013.
  • Hardy, S. M. (1999). Recitatif. In Tim Akers and Jerry Moore (Eds.), Short Stories for Students. (1st ed. pp. 249-52). The Gale Group.
  • Mansfield, K. (1995). Recitatif. In Ann Charters (Ed.), The Story and Its Writer: An Introduction to Short Fiction. (4th ed., pp. 480-91). Bedford Books. Originally published in 1922.
  • Marcus, M. (1960). What Is an Initiation Story? The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 19(2), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.2307/428289
  • Morris, S. M. (2013). “Sisters separated for much too long”: Women's Friendship and Power in Toni Morrison's Recitatif. Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, 32(1), 159. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/sisters-separated-much-too-long-womens-friendship/docview/1497279468/se-2
  • Morrison, T. (1983). Recitatif. In Amiri Baraka and Amina Baraka (Eds.), Confirmation: An Anthology of African American Women. (1st ed., pp. 243-61). Quill.
  • Morrison, T. (1994). Conversations with Toni Morrison. Danille Kathleen Taylor-Guthrie (Ed.), University Press of Mississippi.
  • Stanley, S. K. (2011). Maggie in Toni Morrison's “Recitatif”: The Africanist Presence and Disability Studies. Melus, 36 (2), 71-88, 215. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/maggie-toni-morrisons-recitatif-africanist/docview/874155099/se-2
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects North American Language, Literature and Culture, Literary Studies, Literary Theory
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şemsettin Tabur 0000-0002-8648-8558

Early Pub Date December 28, 2022
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date November 15, 2022
Acceptance Date December 27, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tabur, Ş. (2022). INITIATION, RACE RELATIONS AND OTHERNESS IN TONI MORRISON’S “RECITATIF”. Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 176-185. https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1205047

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