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TÜRK ÇEVRİM İÇİ MEDYASINDA YER ALAN OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUĞU HABERLERİNİN ELEŞTİREL BİR SÖYLEM ANALİZİ

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 199 - 211, 28.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1613363

Abstract

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olarak bilinen nörogelişimsel durum tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülüyor. Bu konu hakkında basında yer alan haber metinleri dünya çapında çeşitli medya organlarında karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Medyanın herhangi bir konu hakkında algı yaratmadaki rolü ise yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Bu bağlamda, otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve otizmli bireyler ile ilgili basında yer alan haberlerin insanların algıları üzerinde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada OSB'li bireylere ilişkin medyada yer alan tasvirler ele alınmaktadır. Daha özel olarak, çalışma, Similarweb istatistiklerine göre, Türkiye'nin en sık ziyaret edilen haber sitelerinden biri olan Hürriyet'teki haberlerde OSB'li bireylerin nasıl tasvir edildiğini anlamak için eleştirel söylem analizini uygulamıştır. Hürriyet'te 2 Nisan 2023, Otizm Farkındalık Günü'nde yayımlanan haberler, van Dijk (2001) tarafından geliştirilen model esas alınarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz, haberlerde mesleki görüşlere yer verilmesine rağmen, OSB ile bağlantılı olarak yaygın olarak kullanılan "engelli" ve "tedavi" gibi terimlerin toplumdaki olumsuz ve önyargılı algıyı güçlendirmeye hizmet ettiğini göstermektedir.

Ethical Statement

Bu makale, birinci yazarın ikinci yazar danışmanlığında yürüttüğü doktora tezinin bir parçası olarak üretilmiştir.

References

  • American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.) https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
  • Bakan Yanık: Otizmli bireyler için 78 faaliyeti hayata geçireceğiz. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/bakan-yanik-otizmli-bireyler-icin-78-faaliyeti-hayata-gecirecegiz-42244636
  • Barnes, C. (1992). Disabling imagery and the media: An exploration of the principles for media representations of disabled people. Ryburn.
  • Bir gün değil her gün gerek. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/nedim-bubik/bir-gun-degil-her-gun-gerek-42244370
  • Cotter, C. (2001). “Discourse and media”. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, and H. E. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp.416-437). Blackwell.
  • ‘Erken tanı ve eğitimle otizmli bir çocuk yeniden doğabilir’. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/hurriyet-pazar/erken-tani-ve-egitimle-otizmli-bir-cocuk-yeniden-dogabilir-42244244
  • Hamilton, L. (2019). Disability as a social construction: Investigating how autism is represented in the mainstream media. Prism: Casting New Light on Learning, Theory and Practice, 2 (2), 20-38.
  • Kaya, R. & Çakmur, B. (2010). Politics and the mass media in Turkey. Turkish Studies, 11 (4), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2010.540112
  • Khalil, H. H. (2020). The portray of autistic individuals in online news article discourse: A critical discourse analysis. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRSSH), 10 (1), 102-113.
  • Kim, H. S. (2016). Psychosocial treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder. Hanyang Medical Review, 36, 27-37. https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2016.36.1.27
  • 114 bin otizmli çocuk deprem bölgesinde. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/114-bin-otizmli-cocuk-deprem-bolgesinde-42244521
  • Oranga, J. & Matere, A. (2023). Qualitative research: Essence, types and advantages. Open Access Library Journal, 10: e11001, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1111001
  • Otizmli yeteneklerden farkındalık konseri. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/egitim/otizmli-yeteneklerden-farkindalik-konseri-42244592
  • Özer, Ö. (2022). Eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi: Haber örnekleri üzerinden bir inceleme. Etkileşim, 5 (9), 36-54. https://doi.org/10.32739/etkilesim.2022.5.9.154
  • Peterlicean, A. & Berariu, E. C. (2020). On the discourse of online sports news headlines. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica, 12 (3), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2020-0029
  • Shojaei, A. & Laheghi, F. (2012). A critical discourse analysis of political ideology and control factors in news translation. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2 (12), 2535-2540.
  • Similarweb (n.d.). Top websites ranking most visited news & media publishers websites in Turkey. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/turkey/news-and-media/
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1985). Structures of news in the press. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse and Communication. Walter de Gruyter.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1988a). News analysis case studies of international and national news in the press. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1988b). News as discourse. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1995). “Discourse, power and access”. In C.R. Caldas-Coulthard & M. Coulthard (Eds.), Texts and practices: Readings in critical discourse analysis (pp.84-104). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203431382
  • van Dijk, T. A. (2001). “Critical discourse analysis”. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, and H. E. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp.352-372). Blackwell.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yılmaz Altuntaş, E. & Öney Doğanyiğit, S. (2021). Social determinants of autism spectrum disorder in the print media news: A qualitative framing analysis of coverage in national newspapers in Turkey. Cogent Social Sciences, 7 (1), 1947607. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1947607

A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER NEWS IN TURKISH ONLINE MEDIA

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 199 - 211, 28.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1613363

Abstract

A neurodevelopmental condition known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is commonly seen throughout the world. The news about this topic is included in various media forms worldwide. The mission of the media in creating perceptions about any issue is an undeniable fact. Therefore, news about individuals with ASD may have a potential effect on people's perceptions of these individuals. This study deals with the media portrayal about individuals with ASD. More specifically, this research employed critical discourse analysis in order to figure out the way individuals with ASD are portrayed in news articles in Hürriyet, which is among the most often visited news websites in Türkiye, according to Similarweb statistics. The news published in Hürriyet on April 2, 2023, Autism Awareness Day, was analyzed based on the model developed by van Dijk (2001). The analysis indicates that despite the inclusion of professional opinions in the news articles, commonly used terms linked with ASD, such as "disabled" and "treatment," only serve to enhance the existing negative and prejudiced societal perception.

Ethical Statement

This article was produced as part of the PhD thesis conducted by the first author under the supervision of the second author.

References

  • American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.) https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
  • Bakan Yanık: Otizmli bireyler için 78 faaliyeti hayata geçireceğiz. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/bakan-yanik-otizmli-bireyler-icin-78-faaliyeti-hayata-gecirecegiz-42244636
  • Barnes, C. (1992). Disabling imagery and the media: An exploration of the principles for media representations of disabled people. Ryburn.
  • Bir gün değil her gün gerek. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/nedim-bubik/bir-gun-degil-her-gun-gerek-42244370
  • Cotter, C. (2001). “Discourse and media”. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, and H. E. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp.416-437). Blackwell.
  • ‘Erken tanı ve eğitimle otizmli bir çocuk yeniden doğabilir’. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/hurriyet-pazar/erken-tani-ve-egitimle-otizmli-bir-cocuk-yeniden-dogabilir-42244244
  • Hamilton, L. (2019). Disability as a social construction: Investigating how autism is represented in the mainstream media. Prism: Casting New Light on Learning, Theory and Practice, 2 (2), 20-38.
  • Kaya, R. & Çakmur, B. (2010). Politics and the mass media in Turkey. Turkish Studies, 11 (4), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2010.540112
  • Khalil, H. H. (2020). The portray of autistic individuals in online news article discourse: A critical discourse analysis. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRSSH), 10 (1), 102-113.
  • Kim, H. S. (2016). Psychosocial treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder. Hanyang Medical Review, 36, 27-37. https://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2016.36.1.27
  • 114 bin otizmli çocuk deprem bölgesinde. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/114-bin-otizmli-cocuk-deprem-bolgesinde-42244521
  • Oranga, J. & Matere, A. (2023). Qualitative research: Essence, types and advantages. Open Access Library Journal, 10: e11001, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1111001
  • Otizmli yeteneklerden farkındalık konseri. (2023, April 2). Hürriyet. https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/egitim/otizmli-yeteneklerden-farkindalik-konseri-42244592
  • Özer, Ö. (2022). Eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi: Haber örnekleri üzerinden bir inceleme. Etkileşim, 5 (9), 36-54. https://doi.org/10.32739/etkilesim.2022.5.9.154
  • Peterlicean, A. & Berariu, E. C. (2020). On the discourse of online sports news headlines. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica, 12 (3), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2020-0029
  • Shojaei, A. & Laheghi, F. (2012). A critical discourse analysis of political ideology and control factors in news translation. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2 (12), 2535-2540.
  • Similarweb (n.d.). Top websites ranking most visited news & media publishers websites in Turkey. Retrieved December 18, 2024, from https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/turkey/news-and-media/
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1985). Structures of news in the press. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse and Communication. Walter de Gruyter.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1988a). News analysis case studies of international and national news in the press. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1988b). News as discourse. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • van Dijk, T. A. (1995). “Discourse, power and access”. In C.R. Caldas-Coulthard & M. Coulthard (Eds.), Texts and practices: Readings in critical discourse analysis (pp.84-104). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203431382
  • van Dijk, T. A. (2001). “Critical discourse analysis”. In D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, and H. E. Hamilton (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (pp.352-372). Blackwell.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Yılmaz Altuntaş, E. & Öney Doğanyiğit, S. (2021). Social determinants of autism spectrum disorder in the print media news: A qualitative framing analysis of coverage in national newspapers in Turkey. Cogent Social Sciences, 7 (1), 1947607. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1947607
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Discourse and Pragmatics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Birtan Baytar 0000-0001-9017-4570

Emine Yarar 0000-0001-6143-8629

Early Pub Date March 27, 2025
Publication Date March 28, 2025
Submission Date January 4, 2025
Acceptance Date March 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Baytar, B., & Yarar, E. (2025). A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER NEWS IN TURKISH ONLINE MEDIA. Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 199-211. https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1613363

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