Research Article
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A Study on Moral Luck

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 55 - 69, 31.12.2024
https://izlik.org/JA35EJ68ZD

Abstract

Moral luck generally occurs when luck makes a moral difference. At the same time, moral luck is related to moral evaluation. Approaches and ideas about moral luck have been vividly and influentially debated mostly in contemporary philosophy and continue to be debated today. In these debates, the idea of moral luck is usually explained together with the concept of responsibility. Therefore, in this article, the idea of moral luck will be discussed within contemporary philosophy. In contemporary philosophy, moral luck is generally explained through various cases and propositions. Various interpretations and objections to these explanations have gained momentum especially after the publication of Thomas Nagel’s and Bernard Williams’ articles of the same name titled “Moral Luck”. Although the ideas about moral luck are not new, Nagel and Williams have been instrumental in the creation of a large literature on these ideas, especially in contemporary philosophy. In this respect, the subject of this article is to explain the views, claims and approaches to moral luck and to discuss whether they are plausible or not. In doing so, it will occasionally include objections and comments to these explanations. The claim of this article is that Nagel’s and Williams’ claims about the existence of moral luck have led the moral luck debate to an impasse and that the claims of those who deny the existence of moral luck are insufficient.

References

  • Capes, Justin - Swenson, Philip. “Incompatibilist (Nondeterministic) Theories of Free Will”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağsutos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/incompatibilism-theories/
  • Doyle, Bob. Free Will: The Scandal in Philosophy. USA: Cataloging in Publication Data, 2016.
  • Fischer, John Martin. “Compatibilism”. Four Views on Free Will ed. J. M. Fischer vd. 44-85. USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Fischer, John Martin vd. Four Views on Free Will. USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Hartman, Robert J. “Accepting Moral Luck”. Core. Erişim: 27 Eylül 2024. https://core.ac.uk/download/131209636.pdf Kane, Robert. The Significance of Free Will. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Latus, Andrew Michael. “Moral Luck”. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://iep.utm.edu/moralluc/
  • Latus, Andrew Michael. Avoiding Luck: The Problem of Moral Luck and Its Significance. Canada: National Library of Canada, 1998.
  • Nagel, Thomas. Mortal Questions. USA: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
  • Nelkin, Dana Kay. “Moral Luck”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-luck/#AccMorLucWitRev
  • Pereboom, Derk. Living without Free Will. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
  • Pink, Thomas. Free Will: A Very Short Introduction. NY: Oxford University Press, 2004.
  • Rego, Rui. “Oedipus’s Responsibility: The Problem of Moral Luck According to Bernard Williams and Thomas Nagels”. Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts 10/2 (Nisan 2023), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajha.10-2-1
  • Robb, David. “Moral Responsibility and the Principle of Alternative Possibilities”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/alternative-possibilities/
  • Swenson, Philip. “Equal Moral Opportunity: A Solution to the Problem of Moral Luck”. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, (2021), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2021.1901751
  • Williams, Bernard. Moral Luck: Philosophical Papers 1973-1980. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
  • Wolf, Susan. “The Moral of Moral Luck”. Suny. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/3203
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. “Luck and Moral Responsibility”. Ethics 97 (1987), 374-386.

Ahlaki Şans Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 55 - 69, 31.12.2024
https://izlik.org/JA35EJ68ZD

Abstract

Ahlaki şans, genel olarak şans, ahlaki bir fark oluşturduğunda ortaya çıkar. Aynı zamanda ahlaki şans ahlaki değerlendirme ile ilişkilidir. Ahlaki şans ile ilgili yaklaşımlar ve düşünceler daha çok çağdaş felsefede canlı ve etkili bir şekilde tartışılmıştır ve günümüzde de bu tartışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu tartışmalarda ahlaki şans düşüncesi genellikle sorumluluk kavramı ile birlikte açıklanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan bu makalede ahlaki şans düşüncesi çağdaş felsefe içinde tartışılacaktır. Çağdaş felsefede ahlaki şans genel olarak çeşitli örnek vakalar ve önermeler üzerinden açıklanmaktadır. Bu açıklamalarla ilgili olarak çeşitli yorumlar ve itirazlar özellikle Thomas Nagel’in ve Bernard Williams’ın aynı adı taşıyan “Moral Luck” başlıklı makalelerinin yayınlanmasından sonra hız kazanmıştır. Ahlaki şans ile ilgili fikirler yeni olmasa da Nagel ve Williams, bu fikirlerin özellikle çağdaş felsefede oldukça geniş bir literatür oluşturmasında etkili olmuşlardır. Bu bakımdan bu makalenin konusu ahlaki şans ile ilgili görüşleri, iddiaları ve yaklaşımları açıklamak, bunların makul olup olmadıklarını tartışmaktır. Bunu yaparken zaman zaman bu açıklamalara getirilen itirazlara ve yorumlara yer verilecektir. Bu makalenin iddiası, ahlaki şansın varlığına dair Nagel’in ve Williams’ın iddialarının ahlaki şans tartışmalarını çıkmaza sürüklediği ve ahlaki şansın varlığını inkâr edenlerin iddialarının yetersiz olduğudur.

References

  • Capes, Justin - Swenson, Philip. “Incompatibilist (Nondeterministic) Theories of Free Will”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağsutos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/incompatibilism-theories/
  • Doyle, Bob. Free Will: The Scandal in Philosophy. USA: Cataloging in Publication Data, 2016.
  • Fischer, John Martin. “Compatibilism”. Four Views on Free Will ed. J. M. Fischer vd. 44-85. USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Fischer, John Martin vd. Four Views on Free Will. USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
  • Hartman, Robert J. “Accepting Moral Luck”. Core. Erişim: 27 Eylül 2024. https://core.ac.uk/download/131209636.pdf Kane, Robert. The Significance of Free Will. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Latus, Andrew Michael. “Moral Luck”. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://iep.utm.edu/moralluc/
  • Latus, Andrew Michael. Avoiding Luck: The Problem of Moral Luck and Its Significance. Canada: National Library of Canada, 1998.
  • Nagel, Thomas. Mortal Questions. USA: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
  • Nelkin, Dana Kay. “Moral Luck”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-luck/#AccMorLucWitRev
  • Pereboom, Derk. Living without Free Will. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
  • Pink, Thomas. Free Will: A Very Short Introduction. NY: Oxford University Press, 2004.
  • Rego, Rui. “Oedipus’s Responsibility: The Problem of Moral Luck According to Bernard Williams and Thomas Nagels”. Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts 10/2 (Nisan 2023), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajha.10-2-1
  • Robb, David. “Moral Responsibility and the Principle of Alternative Possibilities”. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/alternative-possibilities/
  • Swenson, Philip. “Equal Moral Opportunity: A Solution to the Problem of Moral Luck”. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, (2021), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2021.1901751
  • Williams, Bernard. Moral Luck: Philosophical Papers 1973-1980. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
  • Wolf, Susan. “The Moral of Moral Luck”. Suny. Erişim: 21 Ağustos 2024. https://soar.suny.edu/handle/20.500.12648/3203
  • Zimmerman, Michael J. “Luck and Moral Responsibility”. Ethics 97 (1987), 374-386.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy of Religion, Contemporary Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sevgi Çakır 0009-0001-8004-0787

Submission Date October 2, 2024
Acceptance Date December 6, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
IZ https://izlik.org/JA35EJ68ZD
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

ISNAD Çakır, Sevgi. “Ahlaki Şans Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Din ve Felsefe Araştırmaları 7/2 (December 1, 2024): 55-69. https://izlik.org/JA35EJ68ZD.